
11. rather, drive, lately, friendship, king, pwer, prime, minister, banker, fame, pale, queen, examine, nr, palace, wealth,grey, lemn, uncmfrtable, weight, shulder, gal, cach, kick, besides, curage, guy, pull, relief, nd, agreement, disappint, fault,
12. unexpected, backpack, versleep, blck, wrker, stare, disbelief, abve, burn, burning, alive, airprt, till, west, cream, wrkday, bean, market,fl, cstume, embarrassed, annunce, spaghetti, hax, discvery, lady, cancel, fficer, believable, disappear, embarrassing
11. wuld rather, drive sb. crazy/mad, leave ut,the mre… the mre…, be friends with sb. prime minister, call in, neither … nr …, t start with,let … dwn, kick sb. ff, be hard n sb., rather than, pull tgether, stp ding sth., hear sb. ding sth., cmmunicate with sb., be clse t, t ne’s surprise and relief, in agreement, put pressure n sb.
12. by the time, give … a lift, g ff, rush ut f, put n, in line with ,shw up, by the end f, cstume party, sell ut, run ut f, run away frm, land n, n mre, play jkes/tricks n, take place
11. ① The lud music makes me nervus. ② Mney and fame dn’t always make peple happy. ③ Sft and quiet music makes me relax. ④ She said that the sad mvie made her cry. ⑤ I have everything I want, and I dn’t want what I can’t have. S I’m happy, and my sng cmes frm the happiness in my heart.
12. ① When I gt t schl, I realized that I had left my backpack at hme. ② By the time I gt back t schl, the bell had rung. ③ As I was waiting in line with the ther ffice wrkers, I heard a lud sund. ⑤What happened t Dave n April Fl’s Day?
11. make + sb. + infinitive withut t; make + sb. + adj.
12. past perfect tense, review f key structures
11. Talk abut hw things affect yu.
12. T give students listening and speaking practice.
11. Write a stry similar t the ne in 2b.
12. Write a stry abut yur lucky r unlucky day.
I’d rather g t Blue Ocean because … (教材P81 1c)
wuld rather 寧愿
wuld rather與人稱(chēng)代詞連用時(shí),通??s寫(xiě)為’d rather,后接動(dòng)詞原形,沒(méi)有人稱(chēng)和數(shù)的變化。其用法如下:
I wuld rather have a cup f tea.They wuld rather nt d anything useless. I wuld rather listen t music at hme than g swimming. = I prefer t listen t music at hme rather than g swimming.
【拓展延伸】rather 作副詞,意為“相當(dāng)”,多用于修飾形容詞或副詞; 也有“相反,更確切地說(shuō)”的意思,用于提出不同的觀(guān) 點(diǎn)或提供更確切的信息。The river was rather deep.We all went in Mike’s car, r rather his father’s.
1. Well, the mre I get t knw Julie, the mre I realize that we have a lt in cmmn. (教材P82 2d)
the mre... , the mre... 越越;愈……愈……
the mre…, the 屬于“the + 比較級(jí),the + 比較級(jí)”結(jié)構(gòu)。前一部分表示條件,后一部分表示結(jié)果。The harder yu wrk, the luckier yu will becme.The mre carefully yu wrk, the fewer mistakes yu’ll make.
have... in cmmn 有共同之處
常見(jiàn)搭配有:have a lt/much in cmmn有很多共同之處;have little/nthing in cmmn幾乎沒(méi)有/沒(méi)有共同之處。We have a lt in cmmn, s we becme gd friends.
2. Then she wn’t feel left ut. (教材P82 2d)
leave ut 忽略;不提及;不包括
leave ut意為“忽略;不提及;不包括”,be/feel left ut意為“被遺忘;被忽略”。If yu dn’t want t get int truble, please dn’t leave ut any small mistakes. Sme children ften feel left ut when their little brther/sister arrives.
3. That can make ur friendship strnger.(教材P82 2d)
friendship /?frend??p/ n. 友誼;友情
friendship 作名詞,由“friend + -ship (名詞后綴)”構(gòu)成。The true friendship is mre valuable than mney. 【拓展延伸】名詞后綴-ship通常表示“狀態(tài);性質(zhì);地位;資格;職位”等,常見(jiàn)的以其結(jié)尾的詞還有:
hardship 艱苦,艱難 citizenship 公民資格 prfessrship 教授職位 membership 會(huì)員資格
1. His face was always pale as chalk. (教材P83 3a)
(as) pale as chalk 面色蒼白
(as) pale as chalk是一種比喻的修辭方式。此處省略了第一個(gè)as。Yu lk (as) pale as chalk. Are yu OK?
【特別提醒】英語(yǔ)中表示臉色蒼白不能用white,而要用pale。Her face turned pale when she heard the news.
2. One day, a dctr was called in t examine the king. (教材P83 3a)
examine /?ɡ?z?m?n/v. (仔細(xì)地)檢查;檢驗(yàn)
The dctr examined her but culd find nthing wrng.It’s necessary fr everyne t have a medical examinatin nce a year.【拓展延伸】examine作動(dòng)詞時(shí)還可意為“考,測(cè)驗(yàn)(某人)”。The students must be examined in all subjects at the end f each term.
examine 作及物動(dòng)詞,在此處意為“(仔細(xì)地)檢查;檢驗(yàn)”,其名詞形式為examinatin。
3. Neither medicine nr rest can help him. (教材P83 3a)
neither … nr … 既不……也不……
neither … nr … 表示否定含義,用來(lái)連接兩個(gè)并列的主語(yǔ)、謂語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)等。當(dāng)連接兩個(gè)并列的主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要與鄰近的主語(yǔ)在人稱(chēng)和數(shù)上保持一致,即遵循“就近原則”。其反義短語(yǔ)是bth … and … (……和……都),連接兩個(gè)并列主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。Neither Tm nr I am interested in playing WeChat.The shes are neither large nr small. They just fit me.Bth I and he were wrng.
請(qǐng)說(shuō)出以上四句話(huà)中make后緊接的詞分別是什么。
請(qǐng)說(shuō)出畫(huà)線(xiàn)單詞的詞性。
make + 賓語(yǔ) + 形容詞
make + 賓語(yǔ) + d sth.
make作使役動(dòng)詞,意為“使變得;使成為”,常接復(fù)合賓語(yǔ),構(gòu)成“make + 賓語(yǔ) + 賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu),其中賓語(yǔ)可以是sb.或sth.,賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)可以是名詞、形容詞、不帶t的不定式、過(guò)去分詞等。
“make+賓語(yǔ)+形容詞”意為“使處于某種狀態(tài)”。The smartphne makes ur life easy and cnvenient.Rainy days make me sad.
1. make + 賓語(yǔ) + 形容詞
2. make + 賓語(yǔ) + d sth.
“make + 賓語(yǔ) + d sth.”意為“使做某事”,不帶t的不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。She made me wait fr a lng time.
【特別提醒】“make + 賓語(yǔ) + d sth.”結(jié)構(gòu)用在被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中時(shí),省略的不定式符號(hào)t要還原,即“主語(yǔ) + be made t d sth. (…...被迫做某事)”。The students are made t wear unifrms in the schl.
Thugh she ften makes her little brther _____, she was made by him this mrning. A. cry; t cry B. t cry; cry C. cry; cry
“make + 賓語(yǔ) + 名詞”意為“使成為……”,名詞前通常不加冠詞,且名詞通常是表示官職或頭銜的詞。My classmates make me mnitr.
3. make + 賓語(yǔ) + 名詞
“make + 賓語(yǔ) + 過(guò)去分詞”意為“使被……”,賓語(yǔ)可以是與主語(yǔ)一致的反身代詞。該結(jié)構(gòu)有被動(dòng)含義,但翻譯時(shí)通常不用被字句。The teacher raised her vice s that she culd make herself heard.老師提高了嗓門(mén),以便別人能聽(tīng)到她的聲音。
4. make + 賓語(yǔ) + 過(guò)去分詞
uncmfrtable (教材P84 4b)
uncmfrtable /?n?k?mf?(r)t?bl/ adj. 使人不舒服的;令人不舒適的
uncmfrtable 作形容詞,由“否定前綴un- + cmfrtable”構(gòu)成。In early spring, the changing temperature makes a number f Chinese peple uncmfrtable.【拓展延伸】
cmfrtable adj. 使人舒服的
cmfrtably adv. 舒服地
uncmfrtably adv. 不舒服地
uncmfrtable adj. 使人不舒服的
1. He felt like there was a heavy weight n his shulders as he walked hme alne. (教材P86 2b)
weight /we?t/ n. 重量;分量
weight作可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞均可。常用短語(yǔ):
This kind f fish can reach a weight f 200 kg.She is trying t lse weight.
【拓展延伸】weigh是weight的動(dòng)詞形式,意為“有……重;稱(chēng)重量”。The baby elephant weighs 230 punds.
2. The next day, Peter went t sccer practice with curage rather than fear in his heart. (教材P86 2b)
rather than 而不是
rather than常用于平行結(jié)構(gòu)中,連接名詞、代詞、形容詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、動(dòng)詞-ing形式和不定式短語(yǔ)等。She will g t Shanghai rather than Hangzhu. The sweater she bught was beautiful rather than cheap.
【特別提醒】rather than連接兩個(gè)并列的不定式短語(yǔ)時(shí),通常省略其后的不定式符號(hào)t。I decided t meet him rather than (t) call him.
過(guò)去完成時(shí)由“助動(dòng)詞had (用于各種人稱(chēng)和數(shù)) + 過(guò)去分詞”構(gòu)成,表示某動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)在過(guò)去某一時(shí)間或動(dòng)作之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成,它表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間是“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”。
從過(guò)去之前的某個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)到過(guò)去的某個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)為止
主句為過(guò)去完成時(shí),從句是一般過(guò)去時(shí),主句動(dòng)作發(fā)生在從句之前。
兩個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)進(jìn)行,主從句都是一般過(guò)去時(shí)或過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。
When I gt t schl, I realized that I had left my backpack at hme.By the time I gt back t schl, the bell had rung.Befre I gt t the bus stp, the bus had already left.
I was abut t g up t my ffice when I decided t get a cffee first.As I was waiting in line with the ther ffice wrkers, I heard a lud sund.
●When he came in, the students std up.●When the baby saw her mther, she stpped crying.●He was abut t watch a mvie when his parents kncked at the dr.●They were abut t get n the bus when they heard smene shut.●As I was standing in frnt f the teachers’ ffice, I saw a by fight with anther by.●As he was ding husewrk, a bird flew int the kitchen.
在以上的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中,主句和從句的動(dòng)作是先后發(fā)生還是同時(shí)發(fā)生?主從句都用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞有什么?
Discuss and answer the questins.
1. 在以上的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中,主句和從句的動(dòng)作是同時(shí)發(fā)生,或者是在 進(jìn)行一個(gè)動(dòng)作時(shí),另外一個(gè)動(dòng)作突然發(fā)生。
2. 主從句都用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)詞有when, as 等。
1. 過(guò)去完成時(shí)的句式結(jié)構(gòu)
(1) 肯定句:主語(yǔ) + had + 過(guò)去分詞 + 其他.(2) 否定句:主語(yǔ) + hadn’t + 過(guò)去分詞 + 其他.(3) 一般疑問(wèn)句:Had+ 主語(yǔ) + 過(guò)去分詞 + 其他? 肯定回答:Yes, 主語(yǔ) + had. 否定回答:N, 主語(yǔ) + hadn’t.
表示在過(guò)去某一時(shí)間或動(dòng)作之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成了的動(dòng)作;表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去的過(guò)去。(2) 過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài)常見(jiàn)的引導(dǎo)詞有:by the time, when, befre, by。(3) 在含有when, befre等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句中, 主、從句的動(dòng)作都發(fā)生在過(guò)去,且有明顯的先后關(guān)系,動(dòng)作在前的用過(guò)去完成時(shí),動(dòng)作在后的用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。(4) 常用在said, tld, knew, heard, realized等的賓語(yǔ)從句中。
2. 過(guò)去完成時(shí)的用法
一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去某時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài),而過(guò)去完成時(shí)則表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)間以前(即過(guò)去的過(guò)去)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。
3. 一般過(guò)去時(shí)和過(guò)去完成時(shí)的區(qū)別
fl (教材P93 1a)
fl /fu?l/ n. 蠢人;傻瓜 v. 愚弄
(1) fl作名詞,意為“蠢人;傻瓜”。make a fl f… “欺騙,愚弄”,play the fl “扮丑相,裝傻”。I felt a fl when I realized my mistake.Dn’t make a fl f her. It’s implite.I’m nt ging t play the fl anymre.(2) fl 還可作動(dòng)詞,意為“欺騙;愚弄”。Dn’t be fled by his appearance. (3) flish 為形容詞,意為“愚蠢的;傻的”。It is flish f yu t say s.
1. In anther famus trick a TV shw in England reprted the discvery f special water. (教材P94 2b)
discvery /d??sk?v?ri/ n. 發(fā)現(xiàn);發(fā)覺(jué)
discvery 作名詞,意為“發(fā)現(xiàn);發(fā)覺(jué)”。作名詞,還可意為“被發(fā)現(xiàn)的事物 (或真相、人)”。The discvery f new talent in the art wrld is inspiring.The drug is nt a new discvery — it’s been knwn abut fr years.
2. The TV star lst his girlfriend and his shw was canceled. (教材P94 2b)
cancel /?k?nsl/ v. 取消;終止
cancel此處用作及物動(dòng)詞,其過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞均為canceled或cancelled,現(xiàn)在分詞為canceling 或cancelling。The match was canceled/ cancelled because f the bad weather.
3. Which f these stries is the mst believable? (教材P95 2c)
believable /b??li?v?bl/ adj. 可相信的;可信任的
believable作形容詞,由動(dòng)詞believe去e再加形容詞后綴able構(gòu)成。
believev. 相信;認(rèn)定
believable adj. 可相信的;可信任的
beliefn. 信念
unbelievable adj. 難以置信的
(哈爾濱中考)Kids like reading stries which can make them _______.A. laugh B. t laugh C. laughing(內(nèi)江中考)In sme African cuntries, children are made _______ heavy wrk because their parents have died.A. ding B. dne C. d D. t d(十堰中考)Hw time flies! We shuld shw lve fr ur parents and make them ______ hw much they mean t us.A. t knw B. knwing C. knew D. knw
【2020·十堰市】—What wuld yu like, juice r cffee?—______. I just want a glass f water.A. BthB. NeitherC. EitherD. Nne(2021·江蘇揚(yáng)州市·中考真題)—Which clur d yu like, red r blue?— ________. I like green.A.EitherB.BthC.NeitherD.Nne
(2021·湖南岳陽(yáng)市·中考真題)The scialist new cuntryside (社會(huì)主義新農(nóng)村)makes farmers _____their living cnditins.A.t imprveB.imprveC.imprving【2020· 新疆維吾爾自治區(qū)(建設(shè)兵團(tuán))】— Why dn' the dctrs stp ________ lunch?— Because they are busy ________ a patient.t have; t save B. having: savingC. t have; saving D. having; t save
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