
?專題05 單詞拼寫題解題技巧
備考2023年中考英語(yǔ)二輪題型解讀與技巧點(diǎn)撥
根據(jù)首字母及漢語(yǔ)提示完成單詞是相對(duì)簡(jiǎn)單的詞匯考查題型,完成這類題要掌握以下方法和技巧?!皢卧~拼寫”題主要有下面一些題型。
一、詞類轉(zhuǎn)換
A)按要求寫出該詞的相應(yīng)形式。
1. boy(復(fù)數(shù))___________
2. they(賓格)___________
3. thin(比較級(jí))___________
4. dance(v-ing形式)___________
5. break(過(guò)去分詞) ___________
(答案 :1. boys 2. them 3. thinner 4. dancing 5. broken)
這種題型是單詞拼寫題型中比較機(jī)械的一種,主要是考查學(xué)生對(duì)單詞形式變換的掌握程度,要求學(xué)生掌握單詞的變化規(guī)則以及一些構(gòu)詞法。
B)用括號(hào)中所給單詞的正確形式填空。
1. Which is (far) from us,the sun or the moon?
2. The pot is used for (keep) water hot.
3. Mike is ill. His mother feels (worry).
4. Beijing will be (rain)tomorrow.
5. They are my (friendly).
這種題型是比較靈活的詞類轉(zhuǎn)換形式。它不僅考查學(xué)生對(duì)單詞變換形式的掌握程度,更主要是考查學(xué)生對(duì)句子成份劃分的能力及對(duì)各種詞類能作什么成份的掌握程度。解答這類題必須先考慮所給詞在空格處作什么成份,理解句意,然后采用適當(dāng)?shù)男问?。?題,根據(jù)句意“太陽(yáng)和月亮哪一個(gè)離我們較遠(yuǎn)?”,二者比較,應(yīng)用比較級(jí),故填 farther;第2題, for是介詞,后接v-ing形式,故填keeping;第3題,feel是系動(dòng)詞,后面應(yīng)接形容詞作表語(yǔ),故填worried;第4題,rain的形容詞為rainy;第5題,根據(jù)句意,此處應(yīng)填名詞,又因主語(yǔ)They為復(fù)數(shù),放這里應(yīng)填friends。
二、詞語(yǔ)釋義
根據(jù)英文解釋,完成下列單詞的拼寫,每個(gè)單詞的第一個(gè)字母已給出。
1. c (put one thing over another)
2. u (different from;not in the same way)
3. F (the second month of the year)
4. s (not hurt,not in danger)
5. l (not heavy)
6. v (a place smaller than a town)
7. r (having much money)
8. f (of, in or from another country)
9. w (make clean with water)
10. c (easy to see, hear, read or understand) (安徽省中考題)
這類題主要考查學(xué)生是否能理解一定的英語(yǔ)解釋及掌握某些同義詞、近義詞或反義詞。解答這類題,必須先弄懂釋義,再根據(jù)提示,寫出單詞。(答案 :1. cover 2. unlike 3. February 4. safe 5. light 6. village 7. rich 8. foreign 9. wash 10. clear)
三、漢譯英
根據(jù)下列句子及所給漢語(yǔ)注釋,寫出空缺處各單詞的正確形式。
1. Miss Brown taught (他們) English last term.
2. We don’t think their classroom is (干凈) than ours.
3. Is it the best one of the (照片) of your family ?
4. I spent an hour (寫) the passage last night.
做這類題要從語(yǔ)法的角度,認(rèn)真檢查所填英語(yǔ)單詞的詞形是否正確。如果填的是名詞,要注意它們是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù);如果填的是形容詞、副詞,要注意它們是否需要用比較級(jí)或最高級(jí);如果是動(dòng)詞,要注意它們的時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)以及語(yǔ)氣等。第1題,根據(jù)句意,taught后面應(yīng)接人稱代詞的賓格形式,故填them;第2題,根據(jù)句意,此處應(yīng)填形容詞比較級(jí)cleaner;第 3題,根據(jù)句意,此處可填photo或 picture;又因 one of后應(yīng)接可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式,故應(yīng)填 photos/pictures;第 4題,根據(jù)句意,“花費(fèi)多少時(shí)間做某事”常用句型“spend+時(shí)間+doing sth”,故此處應(yīng)填 writing。
四、根據(jù)句意填詞
A)根據(jù)句意填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~,使句子完整、正確。
1. July the first is our birthday.
2. The Great Wall is over 6, 000 kilometers .
3. Miss Yang has got books on many different .
這種題主要考查學(xué)生正確分析和理解句子的能力。解答這類題,應(yīng)先考慮所填單詞在句中作什么成份,用什么詞性,再結(jié)合句意和語(yǔ)法全盤考慮。第1題,根據(jù)句意“7月1日是我們……生日?!贝颂帒?yīng)填“黨的”,即Party’s :第2題,根據(jù)句意 :“長(zhǎng)城有6,000多公里。”此處應(yīng)填“長(zhǎng)”,即long;第 3題,根據(jù)句意,此處應(yīng)填“學(xué)科”,即 subjects。
B)根據(jù)句意和首字母的提示完成下列單詞。
1. He has kept a d since he was at school. It has recorded(記錄) what happened each day.
2.I enjoy watching football games on TV. What is your f television programme?
(答案 :1. diary 2. favorite)
在句子中缺詞的情況下,弄懂句子的意義是關(guān)鍵。解答此類題時(shí)要注意“兩個(gè)確定”,即“確定單詞”和“確定形式”。
【解題技巧一】讀懂句意,確定單詞
例 1 The f day of the week is Sunday.
該句意為“一周的第一天是星期天”,需要填的詞的首字母是“f”,根據(jù)常識(shí)和序數(shù)詞有關(guān)知識(shí)應(yīng)填“第一”,故填 first。此類題還可考月份。如 :September is the n________month of the year(答案 :ninth)
【解題技巧二】瞻前顧后,確定形式
寫出單詞后,還要注意分析該單詞是否需要變化形式?,F(xiàn)分類說(shuō)明如下 :
1. 名詞 一般考慮單、復(fù)數(shù)和所有格。
例1 Do you like white?We have shirts of different c .
根據(jù)句意,可確定單詞為“color”,通過(guò)前面的shirts和different兩詞可確定此處應(yīng)用colors。
例2 September 10th is T Day.
根據(jù)句意,確定單詞“Teacher”,它與Day之間存在所有格關(guān)系,將Teacher變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù),再變?yōu)樗懈?,?yīng)填Teachers’。
2. 形容調(diào)和副詞 這兩類詞學(xué)生極易混淆,做題時(shí)應(yīng)仔細(xì)分析,慎重選擇究竟用哪類詞,有時(shí)還要考慮到形容詞和副詞“級(jí)”的變化。
例1 He was very a with the man upstairs and began to shout,“Stop singing!”
根據(jù)句意,此處應(yīng)填形容詞原級(jí)angry。
例 2 On Sundays,children play h in the park.
此處應(yīng)填副詞happily,副詞修飾動(dòng)詞。
3. 動(dòng)詞 動(dòng)詞變化形式較為復(fù)雜,一般有五種 :動(dòng)詞原形、第三人稱單數(shù)形式、現(xiàn)在分詞,過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞。可綜合考查學(xué)生運(yùn)用英語(yǔ)知識(shí)的能力。
例1 Thank you very much for l me your bike.
介詞后動(dòng)詞用-ing形式,故填lending。
例 2 When he was ten,he became i in maths.
become interested in為固定詞組,意為“對(duì)……感興趣”,故此處應(yīng)填interested。
4. 數(shù)詞 注意確定用基數(shù)詞還是序數(shù)詞。
例1 There are t months in a year.
此處應(yīng)用基數(shù)詞twelve。
例 2 December is the t month of the year.
此處應(yīng)填序數(shù)詞twelfth。
5. 代詞 主要從人稱代詞、物主代詞、反身代詞、不定代詞和疑問(wèn)代詞幾方面考慮,有時(shí)還要考慮用單數(shù)還是用復(fù)數(shù)。
例 1 Help y to some fish,Jim.
根據(jù)句意,此處應(yīng)用yourself.
例 2 “Help y to some fish,please. ”Mrs Green said to the twins.
根據(jù)句意,the twins為復(fù)數(shù),故填yourselves。
6. 連詞 若前后兩個(gè)詞或句子存在轉(zhuǎn)折、因果、并列、選擇等關(guān)系,一般應(yīng)填連詞。
例 1 She didn’t go to school yesterday b she was il1.
從句和主句互為因果關(guān)系,故填because。
例 2 The football match still went on t it was raining heavily.
該從句為讓步狀語(yǔ)從句,故應(yīng)填 though。
1.Whatever happens,we should have the courage to f (面對(duì)) the difficulty.?
2.They finally solved the problem in a p (合適的) way.?
3.The children are learning how to c (計(jì)數(shù)).?
4.Your brother is a man of many t (才能).?
5.There are two stone lions who g (守衛(wèi)) the gate in the big house.?
答案與解析
1.face 句意:無(wú)論發(fā)生什么,我們都應(yīng)該有勇氣面對(duì)困難。have the courage to do sth.有勇氣做某事,故用動(dòng)詞原形face。
2.proper 句意:他們最后用合適的方法解決了那個(gè)難題。修飾名詞way,故用形容詞,故為proper。
3.count 句意:孩子們正在學(xué)習(xí)如何數(shù)數(shù)。how to do sth.作動(dòng)詞learn的賓語(yǔ),故為count。
4.talents 句意:你的哥哥是一個(gè)很有才能的人。有many修飾,故用名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式,故為talents。
5.guard 句意:有兩個(gè)石獅子守衛(wèi)那所大房子的門口。此處的定語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)根據(jù)先行詞two stone lions來(lái)判斷,先行詞是復(fù)數(shù)名詞,故定語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)形式,故為guard。
【??紗卧~】
一、一個(gè)星期七天
1. Monday 2. Tuesday 3. Wednesday 4. Thursday 5. Friday 6. Saturday 7. Sunday
二、一年十二個(gè)月
1. January 2. February 3. March 4. April 5. May 6. June 7. July 8. August 9. September
10. October 11. November 12. December
三、一年四季
1. spring 2. summer 3. autumn 4. winter
四、容易拼寫錯(cuò)的數(shù)字
1. eighth 第八2. ninth 第九3. forty 四十4. twelfth 第十二5. twentieth 第二十
四、親屬稱呼
1. daughter (女兒)2. niece (女性晚輩)3. nephew (男性晚輩)4. cousin (同輩兄弟姐妹)5. aunt (女性長(zhǎng)輩)6. uncle (男性長(zhǎng)輩)
五、以下動(dòng)詞加-ed或-ing要雙寫最后一個(gè)字母
1. regret (regretted, regretting) 后悔2. control (controlled, controlling) 控制
3. admit (admitted, admitting) 承認(rèn)4. occur (occurred, occurring) 出現(xiàn)
5 .prefer (preferred, preferring) 寧愿6. refer (referred, referring) 提到
7. forget (forgetting ) 忘記8. permit (permitted, permitting)允許
9. equip (equipped, equipping) 裝備
注意:quarrel, signal, travel中的l可雙寫(英國(guó)英語(yǔ))也可不雙寫(美國(guó)英語(yǔ))
六、部分過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞不規(guī)則變化的動(dòng)詞
1. broadcast (broadcast, broadcast) 廣播2. flee (fled, fled) 逃跑
3. forbid (forbade, forbidden) 禁止4. forgive (forgave, forgiven) 原諒
5. freeze (froze, frozen) 結(jié)冰6. hang (作“絞死”講,是規(guī)則的;作“懸掛”講,其過(guò)去式過(guò)去分詞都是hung)
7. lie (作“說(shuō)謊”講時(shí),是規(guī)則的;作“位于”講時(shí),其過(guò)去式是lay,過(guò)去分詞是lain)
8. seek (sought, sought) 尋求9. shake (shook, shaken) 發(fā)抖
10. sing (sang, sung) 唱歌11. sink (sank, sunk/sunken) 下沉
12. spread (spread, spread) 傳播13. swim (swam, swum) 游泳
14. tear (tore, torn) 撕碎15. weave (wove, woven) 編織
七、意思相近的詞
1. check / examine/ test2. receive / accept3. destroy /damage 4. celebrate/ congratulate5. wear / dress
八、注意形容詞變名詞時(shí)的拼寫變化
1. long—length 長(zhǎng)度2. wide—width 寬度3. high—height 高度4. strong—strength力量5. wise-- wisdom
6. warm- warmth 7. deep- depth 8. curious – curiosity9. prove (v.) - proof (復(fù)數(shù)加s) 10. believe-belief (復(fù)數(shù)加s)11. tired – tiredness 12. real- reality 13. young – youth
九、以-ic結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞,應(yīng)先把-ic變?yōu)?ick,再加ing或ed
1.picnic (picnicked, picnicking) 野餐
十、個(gè)別名詞的復(fù)數(shù)拼寫
1. German (Germans) 德國(guó)人2. gulf (gulfs) 海灣
3. handkerchief (handkerchiefs) 手帕
4. hero (英雄),potato (土豆),tomato (西紅柿) 等有生命的以-o結(jié)尾的名詞變復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)要加-es。
5. roof (roofs) 房頂6. stomach 胃 (其復(fù)數(shù)是stomachs而不是加es)8. proofs (證據(jù))
十一、注意動(dòng)詞變名詞時(shí)的拼寫變化
1. succeed—success 成功2. pronounce—pronunciation 發(fā)音3. explain—explanation 解釋
4. decide—decision 決定5. enter—entrance 進(jìn)入6. permit—permission 允許7. refuse—refusal 拒絕
8. consider—consideration 考慮9. discover—discovery 發(fā)現(xiàn)10. conclude—conclusion 得出結(jié)論
11. arrive—arrival 到達(dá)12. survive- survival 幸存者13. weigh—weight 重量14. describe- description
15. appreciate – appreciation16. recognize- recognition 17. invite- invitation 18. free-freedom19. exist-existence
20. serve- service 21. mix-mixture22. brave-bravery23. lose-loss24. expect –expectation 25. admit – admission
26. cruel - cruelty27. compete – competition –competitor
十二、注意形容詞變副詞時(shí)的拼寫變化
1. possible—possibly 可能的(記住ble, ple, tle 結(jié)尾的變?yōu)閎ly)但whole –wholly 除外
2. true- truth – truly 3. terrible- terribly 4. simple – simply 5. gentle –gently 6. anger-angry- angrily
7. shy-shyly8. whole- wholly 9. north- northern east- eastern
【例題展示】
一、根據(jù)首字母填空
1.(2022·貴州銅仁·統(tǒng)考二模)I have s________ in passing the exam because of working hard.
【答案】(s)ucceeded
【詳解】句意:由于努力學(xué)習(xí),我成功通過(guò)了考試。根據(jù)首字母提示和“because of working hard”可知是,成功通過(guò)了考試,succeed“做成,成功”符合題意,succeed in doing sth.“成功做某事”,動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。此句是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),空格處應(yīng)用過(guò)去分詞,succeed的過(guò)去分詞是succeeded。故填(s)ucceeded。
2.(2022·四川內(nèi)江·??级#狢an you tell me some d________ between the two pictures?
—Sure. For example, one is lively, but the other isn’t.
【答案】(d)ifferences
【詳解】句意:——你能告訴我這兩張照片之間的區(qū)別嗎? ——當(dāng)然。例如,一個(gè)很活潑,但另一個(gè)不活潑。根據(jù)“For example, one is lively, but the other isn’t.”及首字母可知,這里指兩張照片之間的區(qū)別,difference意為“不同點(diǎn)”,由some可知,這里需用復(fù)數(shù)。故填(d)ifferences。
3.(2022·江蘇蘇州·校考一模)As soon as the pointsman (交警) arrived, the traffic ran s________ again.
【答案】(s)moothly
【詳解】句意:交警一到,交通又恢復(fù)了平穩(wěn)。根據(jù)“the traffic ran ... again.”和首字母可知,應(yīng)填smoothly,表示交警到了后,交通恢復(fù)到正常,車輛連續(xù)而流暢地通行;副詞修飾動(dòng)詞“ran”。故填(s)moothly。
4.(2022·新疆烏魯木齊·統(tǒng)考一模)Liu Yuguan, a 13-year-old student at Beijing 21st Century International School, r________ a special letter from Thomas Bach, president of the IOC, recently.
【答案】(r)eceived
【詳解】句意:北京21世紀(jì)國(guó)際學(xué)校13歲的學(xué)生劉玉冠最近收到了國(guó)際奧委會(huì)主席托馬斯·巴赫的一封特別的信。根據(jù)“Liu Yuguan, a 13-year-old student at Beijing 21st Century International School, r...a special letter from Thomas Bach”可知,是收到某人的來(lái)信,receive“收到”,動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去,用過(guò)去式,故填(r)eceived。
5.(2022·江蘇蘇州·蘇州市振華中學(xué)校??级#㏕he magazine has picked out some events that happened last year and will i________ our world for years to come.
【答案】(i)nfluence
【詳解】句意:該雜志挑選了一些去年發(fā)生的事件,這些事件將在未來(lái)幾年影響我們的世界。根據(jù)“our world for years to come.”結(jié)合首字母可知,此處是表達(dá)影響,influence“影響”,動(dòng)詞,空前有will,動(dòng)詞用原形,故填(i)nfluence。
二、根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示填空
6.(2022·湖北襄陽(yáng)·統(tǒng)考一模)—Have you heard the news?
—Yes. The school broadcasting station announced that our school _________ (已經(jīng)好好利用他們籌集來(lái)的錢購(gòu)買了新的儀器) for kids. (put)
【答案】had put the money (that/which) they raised to good use to buy new instruments/had put the money (that/which was) raised (by them) to good use to buy new instruments
【詳解】句意:——你聽(tīng)到消息了嗎?——是的,學(xué)校廣播站宣布,我們學(xué)校已經(jīng)把他們籌集的錢用于為孩子們購(gòu)買新樂(lè)器?!昂煤美谩?put sth to good use,“籌來(lái)的錢”要用到定語(yǔ)從句,先行詞money是物,且在從句中作賓語(yǔ),關(guān)系代詞可以省略或用that/which,所以是the money (that/which) they raised;另外也可以用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),或過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ),即the money (that/which was) raised (by them) ;“來(lái)買新的儀器”是to do不定式作目的狀語(yǔ),to buy new instruments。故填had put the money (that/which) they raised to good use to buy new instruments或 had put the money (that/which was) raised (by them) to good use to buy new instruments。
7.(2022·湖北襄陽(yáng)·統(tǒng)考一模)—What do you think of the opening ceremony of Beijing Winter Olympics?
—Creative. And the 24 solar terms (24節(jié)氣) at the ceremony _________. (毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)在傳播傳統(tǒng)的中國(guó)文化中起作用) (play)
【答案】without doubt play a part/role in spreading traditional Chinese culture/play a part/role in spreading traditional Chinese culture without doubt/for sure
【詳解】句意:——你覺(jué)得北京冬奧會(huì)開幕式怎么樣?——很有創(chuàng)意,儀式上的24個(gè)節(jié)氣無(wú)疑對(duì)傳播中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化起到了一定的作用。“毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)” without doubt/for sure;“在……中起作用” play a part in/play a role in,“傳播中國(guó)文化” spread traditional Chinese culture。故填without doubt play a part/role in spreading traditional Chinese culture/play a part/role in spreading traditional Chinese culture without doubt/for sure。
8.(2022·江蘇連云港·??级#㈱hong Nanshan took an active part in the battle against COVID-19 in 2019. Since then, he ________ (成為……驕傲) of the whole country
【答案】has been the pride
【詳解】句意:鐘南山積極參與了2019年抗擊新冠肺炎的斗爭(zhēng)。從那以后,他就成為了整個(gè)國(guó)家的驕傲。根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示可知此處動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用“成為”,句子的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)是“Since then”,因此此句應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),而且與一段時(shí)間連用需用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞,主語(yǔ)是“he”,因此謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用“has been”。“……的驕傲”應(yīng)表達(dá)為“the pride of”。故填has been the pride。
9.(2022·江蘇連云港·??级#㏄lease do homework ________(盡可能細(xì)心), then you will make fewer mistakes.
【答案】as carefully as possible
【詳解】句意:請(qǐng)盡可能認(rèn)真地做作業(yè),這樣你就會(huì)少犯錯(cuò)誤。as…as possible“盡可能”,修飾動(dòng)詞do用副詞carefully表示“細(xì)心”,故填as carefully as possible。
10.(2022·湖北襄陽(yáng)·統(tǒng)考一模)—How wonderful the library in Dongjin is!
—Yeah, _________________________(各種各樣的書可以提供給人們)in our city.(provide)
【答案】all kinds of books can be provided for people##all kinds of books can be provided for the people
【詳解】句意:——東津的圖書館多好?。 堑?,在我們城市可以給人們提供各種各樣的書。all kinds of“各種各樣的”,book“書”,應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式;provide sth for sb“給某人提供某物”,books與動(dòng)詞provide是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,用含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài):can be done;people“人們”,故填all kinds of books can be provided for (the) people。
三、根據(jù)句意填空
11.(2022·江蘇南通·??寄M預(yù)測(cè))__________ has two parts. 1% is being clever, but 99% is hard work.
【答案】Success
【詳解】句意:成功有兩個(gè)部分。1%是聰明,但99%是努力。此句缺少主語(yǔ)。根據(jù)“1% is being clever, but 99% is hard work.”可知此處指的是success“成功”。設(shè)空處位于句首,首字母要大寫,故填Success。
12.(2022·吉林白山·統(tǒng)考一模)More and more people are ________ to afford to travel abroad.
【答案】able
【詳解】句意:越來(lái)越多的人能夠負(fù)擔(dān)得起出國(guó)旅游。根據(jù)“More and more people are ... to afford to travel abroad.”和常識(shí)可知,現(xiàn)在越來(lái)越多的人能夠負(fù)擔(dān)得起出國(guó)旅行的費(fèi)用了;be able to do sth.“能夠做某事”。故填able。
13.(2022·江蘇蘇州·星海實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué)??家荒#〥id the accident in Pakistan happen by chance or by ________?
【答案】design
【詳解】句意:巴基斯坦的事故是偶然發(fā)生的還是有意造成的?根據(jù)“by chance or by…”可知,空處與by chance“偶然地”構(gòu)成選擇關(guān)系,表示“故意地”,用by design。故填design。
14.(2022·吉林·模擬預(yù)測(cè))Mount Hua is well known. Thousands of visitors come to ________ its beautiful scenery every year.
【答案】admire##enjoy##see
【詳解】句意:華山很有名。每年都有成千上萬(wàn)的游客前來(lái)欣賞它美麗的風(fēng)景。根據(jù)句意可知華山很著名,很多游客是來(lái)欣賞它的,“欣賞”可譯為admire/enjoy/see,不定式符號(hào)to后加動(dòng)詞原形,故填admire/enjoy/see。
15.(2022·江蘇宿遷·統(tǒng)考一模)—I hear your grandpa can’t see anything now. Is it true?
—That’s true. He has gone ________.
【答案】blind
【詳解】句意:——我聽(tīng)說(shuō)你爺爺現(xiàn)在什么都看不見(jiàn)了。這是真的嗎?——沒(méi)錯(cuò)。他失明了。根據(jù)“I hear your grandpa can’t see anything now. Is it true?”及“That’s true.”可知此處指失明了,go是連系動(dòng)詞,后加形容詞,blind“盲的”,是形容詞,故填blind。
四、根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)及首字母填空
16.(2022·安徽六安·校聯(lián)考模擬預(yù)測(cè))His mistake often makes his teacher m________ (很生氣).
【答案】(m)ad
【詳解】句意:他的錯(cuò)誤常常使他的老師生氣。根據(jù)中文提示以及首字母可知,mad表示“生氣”,make sb+形容詞,表示“使某人……”,形容詞作賓補(bǔ),故填(m)ad。
17.(2022·四川樂(lè)山·統(tǒng)考一模)It’s a good habit to w______ (洗)hands before meals.
【答案】(w)ash
【詳解】句意:飯前洗手是個(gè)好習(xí)慣。根據(jù)“before meals”和“hands”可推測(cè)出,飯前是要洗手,wash“洗”,是動(dòng)詞;分析句子可知,本句是固定句型:It’s +形容詞+to to sth“做某事是……的”,to是動(dòng)詞不定式的符號(hào),后接動(dòng)詞原形。故填(w)ash。
18.(2022·安徽滁州·校聯(lián)考二模)I like reading the novels written by Mo Yan. I a________ (欣賞) him .
【答案】(a)dmire
【詳解】句意:我喜歡讀莫言寫的小說(shuō)。我欣賞他。admire欣賞,用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),主語(yǔ)為I,故填(a)dmire。
19.(2022·山東泰安·統(tǒng)考模擬預(yù)測(cè))Allen is the only person I admire and I think I’ll stick to s________(支持)him in every choice he makes.
【答案】supporting
【詳解】句意:艾倫是我唯一欽佩的人,我想我會(huì)堅(jiān)持支持他做出的每一個(gè)選擇。stick to doing sth.堅(jiān)持做某事,to在這里是介詞,可知空格處填動(dòng)名詞。support支持,動(dòng)名詞是supporting;故填supporting。
20.(2022·安徽·模擬預(yù)測(cè))Mario is used to v________ (做志愿者工作) at an animal hospital now.
【答案】volunteering
【詳解】句意:馬里奧現(xiàn)在習(xí)慣于在動(dòng)物醫(yī)院當(dāng)志愿者。由語(yǔ)境和所給的中文及首字母提示可知,volunteer意為“做志愿者工作”;此處是be used to doing sth.習(xí)慣于做某事,需用動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。故填volunteering。
21.(2022·安徽六安·六安市第九中學(xué)校考一模)There are many h_________ (英雄) in our times, such as Yang Liwei and Tu Youyou. We should learn from them.
【答案】(h)eroes
【詳解】句意:我們這個(gè)時(shí)代有很多英雄,比如楊利偉和屠呦呦。 我們應(yīng)該向他們學(xué)習(xí)。根據(jù)中文提示以及首字母可知,hero表示“英雄”,可數(shù)名詞,many修飾可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式,故填(h)eroes。
22.(2022·安徽六安·六安市第九中學(xué)校考一模)The traditional food of a place shows its c________(文化), weather and products.
【答案】(c)ulture
【詳解】句意:一個(gè)地方的傳統(tǒng)食物展示了它的文化、天氣和產(chǎn)品。根據(jù)中文提示以及首字母可知,此空應(yīng)填culture表示“文化”,不可數(shù)名詞,故填(c)ulture。
23.(2022·安徽合肥·合肥市第四十五中學(xué)??既#℡our brain needs exercise to stay f________ (健康的), just like your body.
【答案】(f)it
【詳解】句意:你的大腦需要鍛煉才能保持健康,就像你的身體一樣。fit“健康的”,形容詞,在句中作表語(yǔ),故填(f)it。
24.(2022·安徽合肥·合肥市第四十五中學(xué)??既#㏕he little boy e________ (喜歡) reading in his new study.
【答案】(e)njoys
【詳解】句意:那個(gè)小男孩喜歡在他的新書房里看書。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知該句應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),根據(jù)首字母e和“喜歡”可知是動(dòng)詞enjoy,enjoy doing sth表示“喜歡做某事”,主語(yǔ)The little boy為第三人稱單數(shù),因此動(dòng)詞enjoy應(yīng)用第三人稱單數(shù)形式enjoys。故填(e)njoys。
25.(2022·安徽淮北·統(tǒng)考二模)We should try to a________(避免)doing anything that may cause a fire in the forest.
【答案】(a)void
【詳解】句意:我們應(yīng)該盡量避免做任何可能導(dǎo)致森林火災(zāi)的事情。根據(jù)首字母“a”以及漢語(yǔ)提示可知,此處用“avoid”,意為“避免”;try to do sth.意為“盡力做某事”。故填(a)void。
五、根據(jù)英文解釋填空
26.(2022·江蘇南通·南通市新橋中學(xué)校考一模)Millions of Chinese Internet users were ________ (amazed) that the spittoon (痰盂) was advertised as a “1960s Chinese traditional fruit basket” on Amazon.
【答案】surprised
【詳解】句意:數(shù)百萬(wàn)中國(guó)網(wǎng)民對(duì)痰盂在亞馬遜上被廣告稱為“20世紀(jì)60年代中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)果籃”感到驚訝。amazed“大為驚奇的”,可用單詞surprised表示,在句中作表語(yǔ)。故填surprised。
27.(2022·江蘇宿遷·統(tǒng)考二模)DIY means that you make, ________ (fix, mend) or decorate things yourself instead of paying someone to do it.
【答案】repair
【詳解】句意:DIY意味著你自己制作、修理或裝飾東西,而不是付錢讓別人去做。fix和mend都是動(dòng)詞,表示“修理”,與之同義的詞是repair,根據(jù)“you make...or decorate things”可知,“or”連接并列謂語(yǔ),形式一致,因此空處用動(dòng)詞原形。故填repair。
28.(2022·江蘇南通·南通田家炳中學(xué)??寄M預(yù)測(cè))During his stay in the UK, Nick said that he often ________ (go to) some English lessons.
【答案】attended
【詳解】句意:在英國(guó)期間,尼克說(shuō)他經(jīng)常參加一些英語(yǔ)課程。根據(jù)英文釋義“go to”及“some English lessons”可知,此處指“參加一些英語(yǔ)課程”,attend“參加”符合語(yǔ)境,由said可知,時(shí)態(tài)是一般過(guò)去時(shí),動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式。故填attended。
29.(2022·江蘇宿遷·統(tǒng)考三模)Father’s Day is coming. I would like to buy a ________ (gift) for my dear father.
【答案】present
【詳解】句意:父親節(jié)快到了。我想給我親愛(ài)的父親買一件禮物。根據(jù)所給英文解釋“gift禮物”可知,空處需填“禮物”,英文表達(dá)為“present”,又因?yàn)榭涨坝小癮”,所以此空用單數(shù),故填present。
30.(2022·江蘇宿遷·??级#㏕he ________ (a long trip) to Mars would be full of danger and challenges.
【答案】journey
【詳解】句意:火星之旅將充滿危險(xiǎn)和挑戰(zhàn)。“a long trip”表示“長(zhǎng)途旅行”,與journey“長(zhǎng)途旅行”符合語(yǔ)境,故填journey。
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