
1.形容詞的用法(1)形容詞的基本用法形容詞是用來說明人或事物特征、性質或狀態(tài)的詞?;居梅ㄈ缦?
3.放在賓語后,常與keep,make,find,feel, think等動詞連用
keep sth.+adj. make sb.+adj.find/feel/think it+adj.+t d sth.
(2)-ing形容詞與-ed形容詞的區(qū)別
(3)與形容詞相關的一些特殊句型①It is+形容詞+t d sth. “做某事是……的”;★It is+形容詞(形容詞是描寫事物特性的詞,如easy, difficult, imprtant等)+(fr sb.)+t d sth.“(對某人來說)做某事是……的”。如: It is necessary t learn mre abut ur cuntry’s histry. 了解更多我國的歷史是有必要的。
★It is+形容詞(形容詞是描述人物性格特征的詞,如nice, kind, clever, brave等)+f sb.+t d sth. “某人做某事是……的”。如: It is very brave f yu t save yur neighbur ut f the fire. 你從火災中救出你的鄰居是很勇敢的。
②…find/think/make it+形容詞+t d sth.“……發(fā)現/認為/使做某事是……的”。如:I fund it happy t help thers in need.我發(fā)現幫助其他有需要的人很開心。The machine makes it pssible t stay in the deep sea fr a lng time.這臺機器使長時間停留在深海成為可能。
③t+形容詞(+fr sb.)+t d sth. “(對某人來說)太……而不能做某事”。如:She is t shy t talk with strangers.她太害羞了,不能跟陌生人交談。④形容詞+enugh(+fr sb.)+t d sth.“(對某人來說)足夠……去做某事”。如:He is ld enugh t help with husewrk at hme.他足夠大,可以在家?guī)兔ψ黾覄樟恕?br/>⑤s+形容詞+that從句/such(+形容詞)+名詞+that從句, “如此……以至于……”。如:He was s lazy that he was fired very sn.他太懶了,以至于很快就被解雇了。It was such a gd day that we went ut fr a picnic.=It was s gd a day that we went ut fr a picnic.那是一個如此晴朗的日子,我們出去野餐了。
2.形容詞和副詞的比較級和最高級的構成
①一般單詞都是在詞尾加-er,-est構成
②如果單詞以字母e結尾(e不發(fā)音),直接加上-r,-st
③以重讀閉音節(jié)結尾的單音節(jié)詞,需雙寫詞尾的輔音字母,再加-er,-est
④以輔音字母+y結尾的雙音節(jié)詞要變y為i, 再加-er,-est
多音節(jié)和雙音節(jié)形容詞和副詞
一般要在形容詞和副詞前加mre或mst構成比較級、最高級形式
(2)形容詞的比較級、最高級的不規(guī)則變化
(3)副詞的比較級、最高級的不規(guī)則變化clearly—mre clearly—mst clearly(以形容詞+ly結尾的副詞,加mre, mst構成比較級、最高級)well—better—best badly(壞)—wrse—wrstmuch(多)—mre—mst little(少)—less—leastfar(遠)—farther—farthest far—further—furthest
練習寫出下列詞語的比較級和最高級形式。1.lng ___________ ___________ 2.slw ___________ ___________ 3.nice ___________ ___________ 4.late ___________ ___________ 5.big ___________ ___________
lnger lngest
slwer slwest
nicer nicest
later latest
bigger biggest
6.ht ___________ ___________ 7.fat ___________ ___________ 8.thin ___________ ___________ 9.easy ___________ ___________ 10.happy ___________ ___________ 11.careful ___________ __________________ 12.interesting _______________ ___________________
htter httest
fatter fattest
thinner thinnest
easier easiest
happier happiest
mre careful the mst careful
mre interesting the mst interesting
13.gd/well ___________ ___________ 14.bad/ill/badly ___________ ___________ 15.many/much ___________ ___________ 16.little ___________ ___________ 17.far ______________ _________________
better best wrse wrst mre mst less least farther(further) farthest(furthest)
3.副詞的用法(1)副詞的一般用法副詞指在句子中表示行為或狀態(tài)特征的詞,一般充當狀語,修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞,此外還可修飾整個句子。
1.通常放在被修飾的動詞后面
2.程度副詞或頻率副詞一般放在動詞前面
3.程度副詞修飾形容詞或副詞,一般放在被修飾詞前面(enugh除外)
pick up the apple=pick the apple uppick it up,write it dwn,thrw them away
ag, befre, already, nw, just, sn, then, yet, ever,nce,still,late
here, there, in, ut, back, hme
very, much, nly, quite, t, s, nearly, enugh
when, where, hw, why
quickly, slwly, carefully, ludly, strngly, happily
always, usually, ften, smetimes, never, seldm
4.形容詞變成副詞的規(guī)律
true→ , full→
fast, early, hard, high, straight等
注意:daily, lvely, friendly, lnely, ugly, likely等是形容詞,不是副詞。
( )1.(2022廣東,語法選擇)Wang Yiyi passed the test 35 and became a student f that schl.?A.success B.successful C.successfully( )2.(2021廣東,語法選擇)He said 40 , “I was a little afraid, but there’s n ther bridge like this ne in the wrld.It was s wrth it.”?A. excite B. excited C. excitedlyD. excitement
3.(2022廣東,短文填空)Peple like it because it is 68. fr their health.?4.(2021廣東,短文填空)These bks give the wrld a fuller picture f China and La Pan is 72. f what he is ding.?
5.形容詞、副詞原級的用法
1.A+謂語動詞+as+原級+as+B
2.A+謂語動詞的否定式+as/s+原級+as+B
3.倍數+as+原級+as
4.有表示程度的副詞very,s,t,enugh,quite等修飾時
Jim is running as fast as Bruce.They are neck and neck.吉姆和布魯斯跑得一樣快。他們旗鼓相當。
Luckily, the weather is nt s/as bad as yesterday.幸好天氣沒有昨天那樣糟。
This tree is three times as tall as that ne.這棵樹是那棵樹的三倍高。
The by is t yung.那個男孩太小了。
( )2.(2019廣州,語法選擇)Scientists wanted t make travelling t space as 5 as pssible fr humans.?A.safe B.safer C.safest D.the safest
6.形容詞、副詞的比較級的用法
(1)“A+謂語動詞+比較級+than+B”表示“A比B……”
He runs much faster than Tm.他比湯姆要跑得快得多。
(2)在比較級前用much, even, still等詞修飾,表示加強語氣。
He did his hmewrk much mre carefully than her.他做家庭作業(yè)要比她仔細得多。
(3)“A+謂語動詞+比較級+than +any ther+單數名詞(+介詞短語)”=“A+謂語動詞+比較級+than+the ther+名詞復數(+介詞短語)”表示“A比其他任何人或物都……”
Xi’an is larger than any ther city in Shaanxi.=Xi’an is larger than the ther cities in Shaanxi.西安比陜西的其他任何城市都大。
(4)“A+謂語動詞+the+比較級+f the tw+…”,表示“A是兩者中較……的”。
He is the mre careful f the tw engineers.他是兩名工程師中較細心的一個。
(5)“比較級+and+比較級”,表示“越來越……”。
Winter is cming and the days are getting clder and clder.冬天要到了,天變得越來越冷了。
(6)“the+比較級,the+比較級”,表示“越……,就越……”。
( )1.(2022廣州,語法選擇)I nticed that the water was a lt 10 than I thught.?A.dirty B.dirtier C.dirtiest D.the dirtiest( )2.(2020廣東,語法選擇)Yu will have a 34 _ understanding f kites than befre.?A.gd B.better C.best D.the best
3.(2022廣東,短文填空)As the ppulatin f tea drinkers gets larger, tea business is getting 74. imprtant than befre.?4.(2020廣東,短文填空)Up till nw, she has already raised 75. than $17,000!?
7.形容詞、副詞的最高級的用法
最高級用于三者或三者以上的比較,表示在某一范圍內或某類人物中“最……”,常見句型如下:
(1)“主語+謂語動詞+the (副詞可省略)+最高級+ (單數名詞)+in/f短語”。
Wh is the strngest f the fur bys? 誰是那四個男孩中最強壯的?
(2)“主語+謂語動詞+ne f the+最高級+復數名詞+in/f短語”,表示“……最……之一”。
She is ne f the mst beautiful girls in the schl.她是學校里最漂亮的女孩之一。
( )1.(2021廣東,語法選擇)Last mnth, a new bridge was first pened t the public. It’s 31 hanging bridge fr walkers in the wrld.?A.lnger B. the lngerC. lngest D. the lngest
( )2.(2021廣州,語法選擇)There was nce a farmer wh had a large field f crn. He wrked n it with the 1 care, but the crn was dying because there had been n rain fr a lng time.?A. greatB. greater C. much greaterD. greatest
( )3.(2019廣東,單項填空)Fishing is ne f activities amng the middle-aged peple.?A.ppular B.mre ppularC.mst ppular D.the mst ppular
( )4.(2016廣東,單項填空)Amng the fur seas ff the cast f China, East China Sea is the secnd B.deeper C.deepest D.the deepest
5.??夹稳菰~、副詞辨析(1)alne, lnely
lnely
(2)high, tall
(3)real, true
(4)t, als, either
t als either
(5)already, yet, still
already still yet
(6)hard,hardly
hard hardly
(7)ag, befre 以前
ag befre
(8)late, lately
late lately
(9)instead, instead f代替
instead instead f
(10)gd,well
gd well well
(11)smetimes, smetime,sme time
smetimes smetime sme time
(12)ill, sick
sick ill/sick
(13)asleep, sleepy, sleep
(14)awake,wake
(15)die, dead, death, dying
died dead death dying
(16)interesting, interested, interest
interestinginterests interestsinterested
(17)pleased, pleasant, pleasure
pleased pleasant pleasure
(18)surprise, surprised, surprising
surprise surprised surprise surprisingsurprised/surprises
一、語法點單句特訓形容詞和副詞辨析( )1.(2022·天津中考)On a day, yu can see mst f the city frm the tp f the twer.?A.rainy B.dark C.snwy D.clear
( )2.(2022·安徽中考)—Jim and I share tastes and hbbies.?—N wnder yu take part in lts f meaningful scial activities B.weak C.similar D.duble
( )3.(2022·四川成都中考)The 21.58-meter-lng 3D-printed bridge in Chengdu, with its part reaching 8 meters and highest pint hitting 2.68 meters, is really B.widest C.lngest
( )4.(2022·云南中考)—Wuld yu like sme cffee?—N, thanks.I drink it.I think water is the best.?A.ften B.hardly C.usually D.always( )5.(2022·浙江溫州中考)There was a strm yesterday. , mst f the flwers in my garden are still alive.?A.Clearly B.Luckily C.Suddenly D.Firstly
形容詞和副詞的比較等級( )6.(2022·天津中考)Travelling by train is slwer than by plane.But it’s than by plane.?A.interesting B.less interesting C.mre interesting D.mst interesting( )7.(2022·湖南懷化中考)The air in Huaihua is ________than befre.?A.gd B.better C.best
( )8.(2022·湖南岳陽中考)With the develpment f 5G technlgy, ur daily lives have becme and mre cnvenient B.the mst cnvenientC.cnvenienter and cnvenienter( )9.(2022·四川樂山中考)—Did yu see the ftball match yesterday?—Yes! I think it is the game that I have ever seen.?A.exciting B.mre exciting C.mst exciting
( )10.(2022·海南中考)—Lucy, I’m pr in English.Culd yu give me sme advice?—Yu can speak it as as pssible.?A.much B.mre C.mst( )11.(2022·四川瀘州中考)With a high-speed train statin built in Luzhu, it is much fr us t travel t Chengdu.?A.easier B.easilier C.mre easy D.mre easily
( )12.(2022·云南昆明中考)The earlier we take actin t prtect ur envirnment, the it will be fr ur future.?A.better B.best C.wrse D.wrst( )13.(2022·云南中考)Our schl life has becme ______than befre because f all kinds f after-schl activities.?A.clrful B.clrfully C.mre clrful D.the mst clrful
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