初中英語中考復習中考英語直接引語和間接引語考點擊破及90道精選試題練習-試卷下載-教習網(wǎng)

中考英語直接引語和間接引語考點擊破——90道精選試題練習直接引語是直接引用別人所說的話,句子中需要用引號間接引語是轉(zhuǎn)述別人所說的話,即將直接引語變成間接引語。間接引語多以賓語從句的形式表示。考點一直接引語與間接引語的轉(zhuǎn)換轉(zhuǎn)述一般疑問句時，引導詞if/whether及語序的用法考查；轉(zhuǎn)述祈使句時的用法考查1.轉(zhuǎn)述陳述句時,由連詞that引導,that在口語中常省略Tina said,“ I will go to the cinema tomorrow."→Tina said( that) she would go to the cinema the next day.蒂娜說她第二天要去看電影。2轉(zhuǎn)述一般疑問句時,用f或 whether引導。He asked me, Have you read this book?”→He asked me if/whether I had read that book.他問我是否讀過那本書。3.轉(zhuǎn)述祈使句時,要將祈使句的動詞原形變?yōu)閹?/span>to的不定式,并在不定式的前面根據(jù)句子的意思加上 tell, ask, order等動詞。如果祈使句為否定式,則在不定式的前面加not。She said to us,“ Please sit down:”→She asked us to sit down.她請我們坐下。He said, "Don,t make so much noise, boys." →He told the boys not to make so much noise.他告訴男孩子們不要制造這么多噪音。4.轉(zhuǎn)述感嘆句時,用wht或how引導。She said,“ What a lovely boy he is!"→She said what a lovely boy he was.她說他是個多么聰明的男孩啊。考點二轉(zhuǎn)述時人稱、時態(tài)、狀語及動詞的變化直接引語變間接引語時，人稱、時態(tài)、指示代詞、地點狀語、時間狀語等的綜合考查；直接引語變間接引語時，時態(tài)無需改變的情況。 1.人稱的變化直接引語在變?yōu)殚g接引語時,代詞要隨句意進行改變。大致遵循“一隨主，二隨賓，第三人稱不變更”的規(guī)律。(1)“一隨主”是指直接引語中的第一人稱代詞變?yōu)殚g接引語時,須與引述動詞的主語在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致。I said，“I won t give up?！薄?/span>I said that I would not give up.我說我不會放棄。(2)“二隨賓”是指直接引語中的第二人稱代詞變?yōu)殚g接引語時,須與引述動詞的賓語在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致。He said to her，“Why are you late?” →He asked her why she was late.他問她為什么遲到。(3)“第三人稱不變更”是指直接引語中的第三人稱代詞在變?yōu)殚g接引語時不發(fā)生變化。He said,“ She likes it.”→ He said that she liked it.他說她喜歡它2.時態(tài)的變化如果直接引語為過去的某種時態(tài),則間接引語的時態(tài)應(yīng)和對應(yīng)的時態(tài)向前推一個時態(tài),如下表所示:直接引語間接引語一般現(xiàn)在時一般過去時一般過去時過去完成時現(xiàn)在進行時過去進行時一般將來時過去將來時現(xiàn)在完成時/過去完成時過去完成時 Martin told me, "I rang Alice yesterday. ",→Martin told me that he had rung Alice the day before.馬丁告訴我說他前一天已經(jīng)給愛麗絲打電話了。Nell told me. "Mary is studying abroad"→-Nell told me that Mary was studying abroad.內(nèi)爾告訴我瑪麗正在國外學習3.指示代詞、時間狀語、地點狀語、方向性動詞的變化直接引語間接引語指示代詞this這個that那個these這些those那些時間狀語now現(xiàn)在then那時today今天that day那天this evening今晚that evening那晚yesterday昨天the day before前一天last night昨晚the night before前一天晚上two days ago兩天前two days before兩天前next week下周the next week/the following week第二周tomorrow明天the next day/the following day第二天the day before yesterday前天two days before兩天前the day after tomorrow后天In two day's time兩天后地點狀語here這里there那里方向性動詞bring帶來take帶走come來go去 He said,“ These books are mine.”→He said that those books were his.他說那些書是他的。She said."I will come this morning. →She said that she would go that morning.她說那天早上她會去那里。She said, "I went there yesterday. "→She said that she had gone there the day before.她說她前一天去過那里。She said, "I will come here this evening".→She said that she would go there that evening她說她那天晚上會去那里。4.時態(tài)無需改變的情況(1)直接引語是客觀真理時,變成間接引語,時態(tài)無需改變。Mother said, "There are four seasons and twelve months in a year. " →Mother said that there are four seasons and twelve months In a year.媽媽說一年有四季,12個月。(2)直接引語是過去進行時,變成間接引語,時態(tài)無需改變Jack said, "John, where were you going when I met you in the street?” →Jack asked John where he was going when he met him in the street.杰克問約翰在街上碰見他時他正要去哪里。(3)直接引語中有具體的時間狀語時,變成間接引語,時態(tài)無需改變。He said,“ 'The story took place in the 1930s".→He said that the story took place in the 1930s.他說那個故事發(fā)生在20世紀30年代。[典例點撥]1. He said, "I am living with a British family now."He said that was living with a British family .A. I: now B. you; theC. he. then D. he. now解題技巧:C 直接引語是陳述句且人稱是第一人稱,變成間接引語時,需要和引述動詞的主語在人稱上保持一致,第一空需要和he保持一致;直接引語變成間接引語時,時間狀語也要進行相應(yīng)的變化,now變成then,故選C項。命題規(guī)律: 直接引語是陳述句,變成間接引語時,需要記住以下幾個方面:去掉引號加that,時態(tài)向前推一步,人稱變化要靈活,狀語變化按規(guī)定。2. He asked the woman on the phone,"Can I call on you this afternoon?"→He asked the woman on the phone call on her afternoonA. whether could he: this B. whether he could: thatC whether could he: that D. whether he could: this解題技巧:B 直接引語是一般疑問句,變成間接引語時,首先加上 whether或者if,然后句子需用陳述句語序,如果直接引語的人稱是第一人稱,變成間接引語時,需要和引述動詞的主語保持相同的人稱；時態(tài)、時間狀語、地點狀語也要進行相應(yīng)的變化,故選B項。命題規(guī)律: 直接引語是一般疑問句,變成間接引語時,需記住以下幾點：去掉引號加 whether或if，陳述語序要記住,時態(tài)、人稱和狀語都要進行變化。90道精選試題練習一、根據(jù)括號中的要求改寫句子1． “Jack，can you help with the dinner？” Jack's mother asked.（改成間接引語）Jack was asked ______he ______help with the dinner.2．Tony said，“I am singing when the telephone rings.”（將直接引語改為間接引語）Tony said that______ ______singing when the telephone rang.3． Was the machine invented by David？She wasn't sure.（合并成一句話）She wasn't sure ______ the machine was invented by David.4．Are there any new markets in Asia？The sales manager wants to know.（合并為一句）The sales manager wants to know ______ there ______ any new markets in Asia.5．Tim said to Kate，“How is your mother now？”（改為間接引語）Tim ______ Kate how ______ mother ______ then.6．He asked Mary，“Do you have anything to do this afternoon？”（改為間接引語）He asked Mary ______ she ______ anything to do ______ afternoon.7．Our teacher said to us，“Light travels faster than sound.”（改為間接引語）Our teacher ______ us ______ light ______ faster than sound.8．Mr Zhang said，“I was born in Beijing in October,1980.”（改為間接引語）Mr Zhang said that ______ ______ born in Beijing in October，1980.9．Our teacher said to me，“Sit down，please.”（改為間接引語）Our teacher told ______ ______ sit down.10．My mother said，“Don't make any noise.”（改為間接引語）My mother told me ______ ______ ______ any noise.11．She asked me，“When are you going to Shanghai？”（改為間接引語）She asked me when ______ ______ going to Shanghai.12．My brother told me on the phone，“I will go back tomorrow.”（改為間接引語）My brother told me on the phone that he ______ ______ back ______ ______ ______.13．Our headteacher told Li Ming's mother，“He has gone home.”（改為間接引語）Our headteacher told Li Ming's mother that ______ ______ gone home.14．The reporter asked the girl，“Do you like your volunteer work on weekends？” （改為間接引語）The reporter asked the girl ______ she ______ her volunteer work on weekends.15．“Why do you stay at home？”my father asked.（把直接引語改為間接引語）My father asked ______ I ______ at home.16．The woman teacher asked the students，“Can you understand what I am saying？”（改為間接引語）The woman teacher asked the students______ ______ could understand what she was saying.17．She said，“Are you from the south？”（改為間接引語）She asked ______ I ______ from the south.18．Mr Paul said to us，“The moon goes around the earth.”（改為間接引語）Mr Paul ______ us that the moon ______ around the earth.19．“I can't find my wallet，” he said to me.（改為間接引語）He ______ me that he ______ ______ ______ wallet.20．“I will take it home with me，” she said.（改為間接引語）She said that ______ ______ ______ it home with ______.21．He asked，“How do you find it，mother？”（改為間接引語）He asked her mother ______ ______ ______ it.22．“Do you know where Tom lives？” he asked Alice.（改為間接引語）He asked Alice______ ______ knew where Tom ______.23．“Stop making so much noise，children，” he said.（改為間接引語）He ______ the children ______ ______ making so much noise.24．“Are you interested in this？” he said.（改為間接引語）He ______ ______ I was interested in ______.25．“I'm glad to get your e-mail，”he said to me.（改為間接引語）He ______me ______ ______ glad to get ______ e-mail.二、將所給直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語，每空一詞1. “I never eat meat.” he said. He said that ______ never ______ meat.2. “I’ve found my wallet.” he said to me. He ______ me that he ______ ______ _____ wallet.3. “I took it home with me.” she said. She said that ______ ______ _______ it home with her.4. The teacher said, “The sun rises in the east and goes down in the west.”The teacher said that the sun ______ in the east and ______ down in the west.5. “I met her yesterday.” he said to me. He ______ me that he ______ met the day ______.6. “You must come here before five.” he said. He said that I ______ to go ______ before five.7. “I bought the house 10 years ago.” he said. He said that he _______ bought the house 10 years _______.8. “Did you see her last week?” he said. He _____ _____ I had seen her the week ______.9. He said, “You can sit here, Jim.” He ______ Jim that he ______ sit there.10. He asked, “How did you find it, mother?” He asked her mother ______ ______ ______ found it.11. “Where have you been these days?” he asked. He asked me _______ _______ _______been _______ days.12. “Do you know where she lives?” he asked. He asked _____ _____ knew where she _____.13. “Stop making so much noise, children.” he said. He ______ the children ______ ______ making so much noise.14. “Don’t tell him the news.” she said. She told me _______ ______ ______ him the news.15. “Are you interested in this?” he said. He ______ ______ I was interested in ______.16. “I am having supper,” he said. He said that _______ _______ having supper.17. “I’ve seen the film,” Gina said to me. Gina _______ me that she _______ ______ the film.18. “I went home with my sister,” she said. She said that _______ _______ _______ home with her sister.19. “Keep quiet, children.” he said. He _______ the children _______ _______ quiet.20. “Don’t look out of the window,” she said. She told me ______ ______ ______ out of the window.三、將所給直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語1．He said: “I’ve left my book in my room.” 2．She said: “He will be busy.” 3．She said to Tom, “Can you help me?” 4．She asked, “Is this book yours or his?” 5．The teacher asked, “how did you repair it?” 6．The teacher said to the students, “Don’t waste your time.” 7．The mother said, “Tom, get up early, please.” 8．The teacher said, “The earth goes round the sun.” 9．My father said, “Practice makes perfect.” 10．The boy said to us, “ I usually get up at six every day.” 11．He said, “We are still students.” 12．He said to me, “I was born in 1978.” 13．The engineer said, “I was at college in 1967.” 14．He said, “I have studied English since I was a boy.” 15．She said, “I read the book while I was waiting for a bus.” 16．Mr. Green said to them, “Joe told me all about his story when he asked for a job.” 17．He said, “We insisted that she start immediately.” 18．She said, “He demanded that the girl leave at once.” 19．I said to him, “I have finished it.” 20．She said to us,“ I’ll come here tomorrow.” 21．“Where does your chemistry teacher live, Karen?” the young man asked 22．“Light travels faster than sound,” the physics teacher said to the boys and girls. 23．“Will you go to the concert with me this evening?” Mary asked me. 24．“What did you do here yesterday?” the old man asked my brother. 25. "I'm checking your home work now." his mother said. 四、單項選擇1. Our teacher asked us _____ our dictionaries to school. A. bring B. brought C. bring D. to bring2. The teacher told the boy students ______ football on the grass.A. not play B. not to play C. played D. playing3. ____ Tom didn’t go to school?A. Do you know how B. Why do you know C. How you know why D. Do you know why4. She looks sad. Could you please tell me _____ that prevents her from being as happy as before?A. what it is B. it is what C. how it is D. it is how5. Betty asked her sister ____ to the railway station to see her off.A. not to come B. not to go C. to not come D. to not go6. The pupil asked his teacher _____ round the earth.A. weather the moon goes B. that the moon went C. whether the moon goes D. whether the moon went7. Mr. Li ____ Wang Ling ____ a taxi to the airport.A. asked; take B. asked; taking C. told; take D. told; to take8. She asked him ____.A. whose dictionary this is B. whose dictionary that wasC. whose dictionary is this D. whose dictionary that is 9. Mary’s mother asked her _____.A. that whether she had finished her homework B. if she has finished her homeworkC. if she had finished her homework D. that if she had finished her homework10. Do you know ____A. what is he doing B. what he doing C. what he is doing D. what does he do now11. I don’t know ____ to learn English.A. when did he begin B. when he began C. he when began D. when he begins12. He asked me ____.A. how would the weather be like tomorrow B. what the weather would be like the next dayC. how the weather would be like tomorrow D. what would the weather be like the next day13. You can’t imagine ____ when they received these nice Spring Festival presentsA. how excited they were B. how excited were they C. how they were excited D. they were how excited14. She told me that she ____ by her relatives at the bus stop.A. had been seen off B. have seen off C. have been seen off D. had seen off15. Do you remember how many times ____ to Australia?A. had you been B. did you go C. have you been D. you have been16. Can you guess ____?A. what is that man B. who that man is C. whom that man is D. who is that man17. More and more students and teachers have began to know ____.A. how important the foreign language are B. how the foreign language is importantC. how important the foreign language is D. how important is the foreign language18. The hostess said that it ___ time that they ___ supper. A. was; had B. was; had had C. is; have D. is; have had19. The boss asked his secretary ____ he had finished typing the report ____.A. if; or not B. if; not C. whether; or not D. whether; not20. I wonder how much _____.A. does he spend on his car B. did he spend on his car C. he spent on his car D. he spent in his car 參考答案一、1．if/whether；could　2.he was　3.if/whether　4.if/whether；were　5.asked；her；was6.if/whether；had；that　7.told；that；travels　8.he was　9.me to　10.not to make11．I was　12.would come；the next day　13.he had　14.if/whether；liked　15.why；stayed16.if/whether they　17.if/whether；was　18.told；goes　19.told；couldn't find his　20.she would take；her　21.how she found　22.if/whether she；lived　23.asked/told；to stop　24.asked if/whether；that 25．told；he was；my二、1. he, ate 2. told, had, found, his 3. she, had, taken 4. rises, goes 5. told, had, before 6. had, the 7. had, before 8. asked, if [whether], before 9. told, could 10. how, she, had 11. where, I, had, those 12. if [whether], I, lived 13. told, to, stop 14. not, to, tell 15. asked, if [whether], that 16. he, was。17. told, had, seen。18. she, had, gone。19. told, to, keep。 20. not, to, look。三、1． He said that he had left his book in his room. 2．She said that he would be busy.3． She asked Tom if /whether he could help her. 4 She asked me whether that book was mine or his.5． The teacher asked me how I had repaired it.6． The teacher told the students not to waste their time. 7． The mother asked Tom to get up early. 8． The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.9． My father said practice makes perfect.10． The boy told us he usually gets up at six every day.11． He said they are still students. 12．He told me that he was born in 1978.13． The engineer said he was at college in 1967. 14．He said he had studied English since he was a boy.15． She said she had read the book while she was waiting for a bus.16． Mr. Green told them Joe had told him all about his story when he asked for a job.17． He said they (had) insisted that she start immediately.18． She said he demanded that the girl leave at once.19． I told him I had finished it. 20． She told us she would come there tomorrow.21． The young man asked Karen where her chemistry teacher lived.22． The physics teacher told the boys and girls that light travels faster than sound.23． Mary asked me if / whether I would go to the concert with her that evening.24． The old man asked my brother what he had done there the day before. 25. His mother said she was checking his homework then . 四、 1—5DBDAB; 6—10CDBCC；11—15BBAAD；16—20BCACC

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