?山東省煙臺(tái)市2022屆高三上學(xué)期期末學(xué)業(yè)水平診斷英語(yǔ)試卷
學(xué)校：___________姓名：___________班級(jí)：___________考號(hào)：___________

一、閱讀理解
Here are four beach destinations for you to take a unique vacation in the sunshine.
Zanzibar, Tanzania
Whether you’re dining at restaurants directly on the sand or listening to live music, the islands of Zanzibar are rich with culture. The Stone Town features narrow stone streets meant for bicycles. It’s a great place to buy produce and creative goods while taking in the Arabian architecture. You can sail into the sun on wooden boats, do yoga on the white sand or go diving.
Sardinia, Italy
Sardinia is well known for its natural settings—mainly the beaches and the volcanic Monte Urtigu. With boat tours, hidden beaches and valley adventures featuring flowing waterfalls, water activities are everywhere. But the island has plenty of other experiences as well. Go wine tasting, learn to bake bread or take a historical tour of local archeological (考古) sites.
Bodrum, Turkey
For a truly unique beach experience, visit Bodrum in Turkey. The ancient city is home to historic baths, hot springs, ancient ruins and underwater archeology museums. This area is also ideal for rafting trips, sea fishing and more. There is also a lot of wildlife living on the island and in its surrounding waters.
Tenerife, Spain
Tenerife is big on water sports and adventures, offering things like jet skiing, sailing and diving with dolphins. This area is home to various museums like the Museo Municipal and the local museum of natural history. Don’t forget to visit the local temples, ruins and gardens.
1、What makes Zanzibar special?
A. Its hot springs. B. Its stone streets.
C. Its historical ruins. D. Its open-air concerts.
2、What can a tourist do in Bodrum?
A. Visit the volcano. B. Explore underwater museums.
C. Enjoy the local wine. D. Experience valley adventures.
3、If you enjoy diving with sea animals, which is the best choice?
A. Zanzibar. B. Sardinia. C. Bodrum. D. Tenerife.
????It’s a sunny afternoon at the Bronx Zoo, in New York City. Children are excited as a female Asian elephant named Happy comes into view. Waving her ears from side to side and wrapping her trunk around the fence leisurely, Happy seems to be living a happy life.
????The Bronx Zoo is one of about 60 zoos in the U.S. where you can see an elephant. With the number of Asian elephants declining every year—only about 50,000 are left in the wild—a zoo might be the only chance any of us will ever get to see one.
????But the Nonhuman Rights Project(NhRP), an animal—rights group, says Happy is lonely. A fence separates her from Patty, another elephant. Contact through a fence isn’t enough, the NhRP says. Steven is the group’s president. “We understand what Happy’s life means to her,” he says, “which is almost nothing at all.”
????So the NhRP is taking the Bronx Zoo to court. The group says Happy should be moved to a protected area where she can have space to hang about and interact with other elephants. The NhRP’s case against the Bronx Zoo is the first of its kind in the U. S. The group is relying on a legal order meant for humans. It says a person who has been unlawfully imprisoned must be released. The NhRP will argue in court that Happy should have that same right.
????Experts say elephants are intelligent and thrive when they form social ties in the wild. Joyce Poole studies them in Africa. She thinks keeping elephants in a city is “a recipe for disaster”. “As you can imagine, if you were locked behind bars and lost freedom, would there be much you could do?” she says.
????But the Bronx Zoo insists that Happy is well cared for according to animal protection laws Besides, some people claim removing animals like Happy from zoos would be a mistake because zoos reach more people than any other group involved with conservation. They believe if there’s a time when children can no longer visit zoos to grow up with a connection to the animals, it’ll come at a great cost.
4、What do the first two paragraphs mainly tell us?
A.Asian elephants are becoming extinct.
B.Zoos allow people to bond with wild animals.
C.Zoos are the safest shelter for Asian elephants
D.The elephants in zoos are disturbed by visitors
5、Why is the NhRP taking the Bronx Zoo to court?
A.The zoo breaks animal protection laws.
B.They find Happy is suffering from ill health.
C.They think the zoo restricts Happy’s freedom
D.The zoo fails to meet the visitors’ requirements.
6、What is Joyce’s attitude to keeping elephants in a city?
A.Opposed. B.Uncaring. C.Supportive. D.Cautious.
7、What can we infer from the text?
A.The court will stand by the Bronx Zoo.
B.Children will have less access to nature.
C.More wild animals will be released from zoos.
D.It will be challenging for the NhRP to win the case.
To fight against the ballooning waistlines among people, several U.S. cities have instituted taxes on drinks with added sugar aiming to reduce consumption, but new research suggests these policies currently have one fundamental flaw.
The study found sugary drink taxes only reduce purchasing if price tags (標(biāo)簽)at stores mention consumers are paying that tax when they buy the drink.
The research included a field study at two convenience stores in San Francisco, which currently has a tax on sugary drinks of I cent per ounce. Researchers varied the price tags placed on the sugary drinks over the eight-week study: one tag that simply said the price for the 12-ounce drink($1.52)and one that had the price and the message "Includes SF Sugary Drink Tax". All non-sugary drinks, which weren't subject to the tax, simply had the price of the drink($1.40).
The researchers compared sales of the drinks during the study period to the two weeks before the study began when the sugary drink tax was in effect but there were no price tags on any drinks. Results showed sales of sugary drinks weren't lower during the two weeks, compared to sales before the tax, indicating the tax itself didn't reduce purchases of sugary drinks.
The researchers then looked at the effects of the two different price tags. Results showed the share of sugary drinks purchased when the tags simply showed the price wasn't significantly different from the two-week period before the study, but did decline slightly when the tags mentioned the price included the added tax.
In a separate online study, the researchers asked participants to estimate what the tax would be on a can of their favorite drink that cost $1.52.The average estimate was 40 cents-much higher than the 12 cents actually demanded in San Francisco. When told the tax was only 12 cents, they reported they'd still purchase the drink.
The findings suggest price tags should mention the tax but not the amount, for consumers tend to overestimate how much the tax is. "If cities want these policies to be effective, they need to regulate how sugary drinks are labeled at stores and they currently don't do that," said Donnelly, lead author of the study.
8、What does the underlined word "flaw" mean in the first paragraph?
A.Weakness. B.Solution. C.Imbalance. D.Evidence.
9、What kind of price tags may discourage customers from buying sugary drinks?
A.Price tags bearing sugar content. B.Price tags with the exact tax on them.
C.Price tags saying added tax included. D.Price tags just showing the total price.
10、Which of the following may be Donnelly's suggestion?
A.Stores label sugary drinks at will. B.Cancel sugary drink taxes at once.
C.Publicize the impacts of sugary drinks. D.Cities urge stores to use proper price tags.
11、What might be the best title for the text?
A.A New Way to Prevent Fatness
B.Eating Habits and Food Consumption
C.Sugary Drink Taxes Aren't Working Well
D.Non-sugary Drinkers Benefit from New Policies
From a young age, many of us learn the benefits of being an extrovert—those individuals who always seem to be the life and soul of the party, often outspoken and able to express their opinions fluently. However, not all of us are wired that way-so is being an extrovert really better?
While thinking of an extrovert, we imagine a character who is determined, approachable, cheerful and charming. We are taught to admire these personalities early on. Kids are often encouraged to interact, play and communicate with other children. It seems at times as though children are made to have a more outgoing lifestyle, with some people becoming false extroverts—introverts who copy extrovert behavior. While externally they may seem to enjoy the company of others, or being in the center of public attention, they can still become over-extended in intense social situations.
So, while the positive aspects of being an extrovert are plain to see, what are the benefits of introversion? Although extroverts depend on social interaction, introverts are more comfortable with levels of isolation (隔離). According to Dr Berit, a college professor, extreme isolation, such as times like the lockdown, does not affect introverts as much as extroverts. Lack of social contact, something extroverts rely on, can lead to depression, loneliness, and even death.
But it's not just in an extreme situation that an introvert shines through. These people seem to have more time for deep thought and thus can become more balanced. They also tend to be good listeners and think before they speak, meaning they could become great friends. Finally, introverts are often fantastic observers, as sitting out of the focus can give them more time to watch the behavior of others.
So, whatever your personality, either introvert or extrovert, there are clear advantages to being either, and if you meet an introvert, you might just end up with an amazing friend.
12、What is a distinctive characteristic of an extrovert?
A.Intelligent. B.Considerate. C.Sociable. D.Responsible.
13、Which statement is true according to Dr Berit?
A.Introverts should learn from extroverts.
B.Extroverts tend to become better friends.
C.Introverts prefer staying cut off from others.
D.Extroverts find it tougher to handle isolation.
14、What does paragraph 4 mainly tell us?
A.The influence of introverts. B.The strengths of being introverts.
C.The causes of introverts' behavior. D.The personalities of false introverts.
15、What's the purpose of the text?
A.To state a viewpoint. B.To advocate a lifestyle.
C.To introduce a technique. D.To describe a phenomenon.
二、七選五
16、 Children are naturally curious beings. ①_______ Teachers and parents often find themselves making use of rewards in the form of stars, promises of high grades and wonderful careers, or threats of punishment. But what if rewards and threats aren’t the answer?
Natural curiosity is sometimes referred to as “inner motivation”. ②_______ And it’s easy to understand why — it’s hard to study something we aren’t actively engaged with, and if we’re passionate about the information we’re digesting, it feels more fulfilling.
External motivation, things like rewards and punishment, does have its uses too. Praise and stimulation based on achieving good grades or fear of punishment has been acknowledged to motivate older students. ③_______ So, if it’s the case that natural curiosity is motivation for better learning, how can we stimulate that interest?
④_______ Let children see their learning as their own thing and give them a bit more choice of what and how they learn. For example, if you want to teach children to read, let them choose which book they use. Whether it’s a graphic (連環(huán)畫(huà)) novel, TV guide or classic literature, the aim of stimulating their appetite for reading is achieved.
Likewise, build a relationship with children as learners and listen to their negative feelings. If they are unwilling to get involved in an activity, don’t rush to use threats or rewards. Try to find out why. Perhaps it’s simply because they feel the activity boring. ⑤_______
All in all, the answer to motivating children, especially the young ones, comes from inspiring their inner motivation. Once their inner motivation is generated, the children will be fired up.
A. The key is to allow some degree of freedom.
B. Children who see learning as fun are better at it.
C. It doesn’t have as much effect at an early age, though.
D. Then explain its value, even if it doesn’t seem appealing.
E. It’s unapparent whether they lack inner or external motivation.
F. Even top students have days when they aren’t motivated for learning.
G. But getting them to study what they aren’t interested in can be a tricky task.
三、完形填空（15空）
The COVID-19 distances people from each other. However, it also 1 friendships between people who would have otherwise never become friends. In the case of 92-year-old Mary, that friend happens to be her two-year-old neighbor, Ben.
The lockdown in 2020 was particularly 2 for Mary, who has been living 3 . With nobody around her, she had to spend most of her time watching TV. Ben was also 4 at home, unable to play with other kids.
Their unusual friendship developed 5 . At first, Mary would 6 at Ben from her window whenever she saw the boy in the yard. Then, she began going outside to 7 him in person. The 8 eventually expanded to daily gatherings by the fence that separated the two homes. The pair even invented a socially distanced 9 that Mary called “stick ball”. Ben threw his ball towards the fence and Mary got her walking stick, 10 over the fence and hit the ball back.
When the two were unable to meet in the yard in bad weather, Ben’s mother kept the friendship 11 by calling at Mary’s porch (門(mén)廊) with the baby.
The bond has blossomed even further since Mary got vaccinated (打疫苗) earlier this year. Mary 12 Ben with a colorful toy truck collection that had once belonged to her grandson. The boy returned the 13 with a gift of his own—a pile of sand that he carefully carried in his small hands and dropped at her door.
Now the pair are often seen high-fiving across the fence or sitting outside Mary’s house, blowing bubbles (泡泡). What a 14 scene! Friendship really knows no 15 .
17、A. draws on B. wears out C. brings back D. results in
18、A. dangerous B. hard C. unfair D. strange
19、A. well B. out C. alone D. nearby
20、A. stuck B. locked C. left D. deserted
21、A. suddenly B. gradually C. secretly D. randomly
22、A. stare B. point C. wave D. shout
23、A. hug B. contact C. welcome D. greet
24、A. routine B. tradition C. appointment D. exercise
25、A. device B. game C. rule D. concept
26、A. jumped B. turned C. reached D. knocked
27、A. pure B. precious C. alive D. formal
28、A. gifted B. reminded C. convinced D. guided
29、A. trust B. service C. company D. favor
30、A. heart-warming B. bitter-sweet C. familiar-looking D. hard-won
31、A. backgrounds B. boundaries C. strategies D. consequences
四、語(yǔ)法填空
32、 The Jiangsu countryside stretching between the cities of Suzhou and Shanghai is home to a lot of small beautiful water towns, many of which ①_____(locate) along the Grand Canal, an artificial canal connecting Hangzhou to Beijing with the aim of bringing supplies of goods to the imperial capital.
One of these towns is Tongli, which is easily ②_____(access) to tourists from the nearby city of Suzhou. ③_____(build) in the Song Dynasty, the town offers pleasant views and landscapes of traditional China, characterized by picturesque canals crossed by arch bridges and whitewashed houses that overlook the water.
Walking along the narrow alleys(巷), you can admire ④_____ interesting number of well-preserved traditional houses, temples and gardens. The atmosphere is ⑤_____(exceptional) peaceful compared to most popular sites that are ruined by mass tourism and commercialization. Yes, Tongli is home to a great many souvenir shops and local products, but what amazed me was ⑥_____ well the town is preserved despite being open to tourism: a good balance ⑦_(dá)____ commercial activities and local life. So in spite of its ⑧_____(popular), Tongli maintains a quiet, laid-back feeling, making it an ideal destination for visitors who seek peace and leisure.
I ⑨_____(take) scores of pictures while touring Tongli, which I hope may inspire travelers to add this pretty water town to their trips. My impression of Tongli is so positive that I've been meaning ⑩_____(go) back with my family for their first visit to China.
五、書(shū)面表達(dá)
33、假定你是李華，得知你的留學(xué)生朋友Peter準(zhǔn)備寫(xiě)一份中國(guó)鄉(xiāng)村生活報(bào)告。請(qǐng)給他寫(xiě)一封郵件，邀請(qǐng)他寒假到你的家鄉(xiāng)體驗(yàn)生活，內(nèi)容包括：
1.寫(xiě)信目的；
2.體驗(yàn)內(nèi)容及意義；
3.表達(dá)希望。
注意：
1.寫(xiě)作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；
2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。
Dear Peter,
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
六、讀后續(xù)寫(xiě)
34、閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫(xiě)兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。
TALK TO ME
Mom was having a surgery on her throat. She had lost her voice four years before. Mom loved writing and was a popular newspaper columnist among the online circles.
“We really believe you’ll get your voice back. The surgery will work. Right, Mom?” I stared into Mom’s eyes, eager for a positive answer. Expressionless, Mom lifted her eyes from her laptop and pulled out one of the post-its (便利貼) that were stuck to the plastic case of the LCD display. It said “Yes”. I pursed my lips.
Her eyes fell back to her laptop. She didn’t smile, and she didn’t even look at me while raising the post-it in front of me as if she didn’t care at all. But I did. I was desperate to hear her speak again. She meant the world to me.
But Mom was not in the least excited about getting her voice back, because it was her third surgery and the last two didn’t work out. She was hopeless.
“Dad will be here soon,” I told Mom. She shrugged (聳肩).
Just then Dr Smith entered the ward. “Relax, Lisa. There’s a good chance that your mom can speak after the surgery,” he comforted me. And I nodded with a forced smile. After two nurses wheeled Mom away to the operating room, I sat outside as the surgery went on. Resting my elbows on my knees, I buried my head in my hands, praying for the surgery to go well.
Mom had developed throat cancer. When she woke up one morning as a mute (啞巴), I cried my eyes out though I was tired of her continually lecturing me about my improper behavior. Being unable to hear her voice was heart-breaking. Worse still, she no longer smiled at Dad and me and stopped giving us those morning hugs I always looked forward to. I couldn’t bear seeing her like this, so helpless, so quiet. All those post-its saying “I love you”, “I miss you”… had lost their meanings. Recalling all this, I couldn’t help weeping.
注意：
1. 續(xù)寫(xiě)詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；
2. 請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。
Then I felt a hand on my shoulder.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Dad and I held Mom’s hands until she woke up.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
參考答案
1、答案：B
解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段The Stone Town features narrow stone streets meant for bicycles.石城的特色是狹窄的石頭街道,這是為自行車(chē)準(zhǔn)備的。可知,是石頭街道讓Zanzibar非常特別,故選B。
2、答案：B
解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段The ancient city is home to historic baths, hot springs, ancient ruins and underwater archeology museums.這座古城擁有歷史悠久的浴場(chǎng)、溫泉、古遺址和水下考古博物館?？芍?游客在Bodrum可以探索水下博物館,故選B。
3、答案：D
解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段Tenerife is big on water sports and adventures, offering things like jet skiing, sailing and diving with dolphins.特內(nèi)里費(fèi)島熱衷于水上運(yùn)動(dòng)和冒險(xiǎn)活動(dòng),提供水上摩托、帆船和與海豚一起潛水等活動(dòng)?？芍?如果你喜歡和海洋動(dòng)物一起潛水,Tenerife是最好的選擇,故選D。
4、答案：B
解析：段落大意題。根據(jù)第一、二段It's a sunny afternoon at the Bronx Zoo, in New York City. Children are excited as a female Asian elephant named Happy comes into view, a zoo might be the only chance any of us will ever get to see one.這是紐約市布朗克斯動(dòng)物園一個(gè)陽(yáng)光明媚的下午。當(dāng)一頭名叫Happy的雌性亞洲象出現(xiàn)時(shí),孩子們都很興奮。動(dòng)物園可能是我們唯一能看到動(dòng)物園的機(jī)會(huì)?？芍?動(dòng)物園允許人們與野生動(dòng)物近距離接觸,讓他們之間建立聯(lián)系,故選B。
5、答案：C
解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段The group says Happy should be moved to a protected area where she can have space to hang about and interact with other elephants.該組織表示,Happy應(yīng)該被轉(zhuǎn)移到一個(gè)保護(hù)區(qū),在那里她可以有空間與其他大象閑逛和互動(dòng)。可知,NhRP將Bronx Zoo告上法庭是因?yàn)樗麄冋J(rèn)為動(dòng)物園限制了Happy的自由,故選C。
6、答案：A
解析：觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)第五段She thinks keeping elephants in a city is "a recipe for disaster", "As you can imagine, if you were locked behind bars and lost freedom, would there be much you could do?" she says.她認(rèn)為在城市里飼養(yǎng)大象是"一種災(zāi)難","正如你所能想象的,如果你被關(guān)在監(jiān)獄里,失去了自由,你還能做什么?"她說(shuō)?？芍?Joyce對(duì)于在城市里養(yǎng)大象是持反對(duì)態(tài)度的。A.Opposed反對(duì)的;B.Uncaring不關(guān)心的;C.Supportive支持的;D.Cautious謹(jǐn)慎的。故選A。
7、答案：D
解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段Besides, some people claim removing animals like Happy from zoos would be a mistake because zoos reach more people than any other group involved with conservation. They believe if there's a time when children can no longer visit zoos to grow up with a connection to the animals, it'll come at a great cost.此外,一些人聲稱(chēng),從動(dòng)物園中移除像Happy這樣的動(dòng)物是一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤,因?yàn)閯?dòng)物園接觸到的人比任何其他參與保護(hù)的團(tuán)體都多。他們相信,如果有一天,孩子們不能再去動(dòng)物園與動(dòng)物們一起成長(zhǎng),那將付出巨大的代價(jià)?？芍?大部分人們對(duì)于將大象飼養(yǎng)在城里的動(dòng)物園是持支持態(tài)度的,說(shuō)明NhRP想要贏得案件的勝利還是具有很大挑戰(zhàn)性的,故選D。
8、答案：A
解析：詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線(xiàn)詞上文中的but new research suggests these policies currently have one fundamental.(但新的研究表明,這些政策目前有一個(gè)基本原則。) 以及第二段The study found sugary drink only reduce purchasing if price tags at stores mention consumers are paying that tax when they buy the drink. (研究發(fā)現(xiàn),只有當(dāng)商店的價(jià)簽上提到消費(fèi)者在購(gòu)買(mǎi)含糖飲料時(shí)支付了這一稅,含糖飲料才會(huì)減少購(gòu)買(mǎi)。)可知,研究發(fā)現(xiàn),只有當(dāng)商店的價(jià)簽提到消費(fèi)者在購(gòu)買(mǎi)飲料時(shí)支付要該稅時(shí),含糖飲料才會(huì)減少購(gòu)買(mǎi),說(shuō)明新的研究表明這些政策目前有一個(gè)弱點(diǎn)。故劃線(xiàn)詞意思是"弱點(diǎn)"。A.Weakness弱點(diǎn);B.Solution.解決方案;C.Imbalance.不平衡;D.Evidence.證據(jù)。故選A。
9、答案：C
解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的The study found sugary drink only reduce purchasing if price tags at stores mention consumers are paying that tax when they buy the drink(研究發(fā)現(xiàn),只有當(dāng)商店的價(jià)簽提到消費(fèi)者在購(gòu)買(mǎi)飲料時(shí)要支付該稅時(shí),含糖飲料才會(huì)減少購(gòu)買(mǎi)。)可知,包含增值稅的價(jià)格標(biāo)簽可能會(huì)阻止消費(fèi)者購(gòu)買(mǎi)含糖飲料。故選C。
10、答案：D
解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中"If cities want these policies to be effective, they need to regulate how sugary drinks are labeled at stores and they currently don't do that," said Donnelly, lead author of the study.(該研究的主要作者Donnelly說(shuō):"如果城市希望這些政策有效,他們需要規(guī)范含糖飲料在商店的標(biāo)簽,而目前他們還沒(méi)有這樣做。")可知,D選項(xiàng)"城市敦促商店使用合適的價(jià)格標(biāo)簽"是Donnelly的建議。故選D。
11、答案：C
解析：標(biāo)題確定題。根據(jù)第一段中的To fight against the ballooning waistlines among people, several U.S. cities have instituted taxes on drinks with added sugar aiming to reduce consumption, but new research suggests these policies currently have one fundamental flaw.(為了對(duì)抗人們不斷膨脹的腰圍,美國(guó)的幾個(gè)城市已經(jīng)開(kāi)始對(duì)添加糖的飲料征稅,旨在減少消費(fèi),但新的研究表明,這些政策目前有一個(gè)根本缺陷。)結(jié)合文章主要說(shuō)明了這一政策的缺陷是什么以及研究是如何開(kāi)展的。由此可知,C選項(xiàng)"含糖飲料稅效果不佳"最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選C。
12、答案：C
解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中"From a young age, many of us learn the benefits of being an extrovert—those individuals who always seem to be the life and soul of the party, often outspoken and able to express their opinions fluently.(我們中的許多人從小就了解到性格外向的好處—這些人似乎總是派對(duì)的生命和靈魂,經(jīng)常直言不諱,能夠流利地表達(dá)自己的觀點(diǎn))"可推知,外向者的顯著特征是擅長(zhǎng)社交。故選C。
13、答案：D
解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中"According to Dr Berit, a college professor, extreme isolation such as times like the lockdown, does not affect introverts as much as extroverts. Lack of social contact, something extroverts rely on, can lead to depression, loneliness, and even death.(大學(xué)教授貝里特博士表示,像封鎖這樣的極度隔離對(duì)內(nèi)向者的影響并不像外向者那么大。缺乏社會(huì)聯(lián)系,這是外向者所依賴(lài)的東西,會(huì)導(dǎo)致抑郁、孤獨(dú),甚至死亡)"可知,D選項(xiàng)"外向的人發(fā)現(xiàn)很難處理孤獨(dú)"正確。故選D。
14、答案：B
解析：段落大意題。根據(jù)第四段"But it's not just in an extreme situation that an introvert shines through. These people seem to have more time for deep thought and thus can become more balanced. They also tend to be good listeners and think before they speak, meaning they could become great friends. Finally, introverts are often fantastic observers, as sitting out of the focus can give them more time to watch the behavior of others.(但內(nèi)向的人并不只是在極端的情況下才會(huì)表現(xiàn)出色。這些人似乎有更多的時(shí)間來(lái)深入思考,因此可以變得更平衡。他們也往往是很好的傾聽(tīng)者,說(shuō)話(huà)前會(huì)思考,這意味著他們可以成為很好的朋友。最后,內(nèi)向的人往往是出色的觀察者,因?yàn)樽诮裹c(diǎn)之外可以給他們更多的時(shí)間去觀察別人的行為)"可知,第4段主要告訴我們內(nèi)向者的優(yōu)勢(shì)。故選B。
15、答案：A
解析：寫(xiě)作意圖題。根據(jù)最后一段"So, whatever your personality, either introvert or extrovert, there are clear advantages to being either, and if you meet an introvert, you might just end up with an amazing friend.(所以, 無(wú)論你的性格是內(nèi)向還是外向,兩者都有明顯的優(yōu)勢(shì),如果你遇到一個(gè)內(nèi)向的人,你可能最終會(huì)交到一個(gè)很棒的朋友)"結(jié)合文章主要說(shuō)明了外向者和內(nèi)向者不同的特點(diǎn)和各自的優(yōu)勢(shì),同時(shí)指出疫情封鎖對(duì)這兩種人的影響。可推知,這篇文章的目的是陳述觀點(diǎn)。故選A。
16、答案：①-⑤GBCAD
解析：①推理判斷題。根據(jù)上文"Children are naturally curious beings.(孩子們天生好奇)"以及后文"Teachers and parents often find themselves making use of rewards in the form of stars, promises of high grades and wonderful careers, or threats of punishment. But what if rewards and threats aren't the answer? (老師和家長(zhǎng)經(jīng)常發(fā)現(xiàn)自己利用星星、高分和美好事業(yè)的承諾或懲罰的威脅等形式的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。但如果獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)和威脅不是解決辦法呢?)"可知,后文提到老師和家長(zhǎng)需要依靠一些獎(jiǎng)懲手段來(lái)讓孩子學(xué)習(xí),說(shuō)明本句與上文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折,指出讓孩子學(xué)習(xí)不敢興趣的東西很困難,G選項(xiàng)中them指代上文Children。故G選項(xiàng)"但是讓他們學(xué)習(xí)他們不感興趣的東西可能是一項(xiàng)棘手的任務(wù)"符合語(yǔ)境,故選G。
②推理判斷題。根據(jù)上文"Natural curiosity is sometimes referred to as 'inner motivation'.(天生的好奇心有時(shí)被稱(chēng)為'內(nèi)在動(dòng)機(jī)')"以及后文"And it's easy to understand why it's hard to study something we aren't actively engaged with, and if we're passionate about the information we're digesting, it feels more fulfilling.(我們很容易理解為什么學(xué)習(xí)一些我們沒(méi)有積極參與的東西是很難的,如果我們對(duì)我們正在消化的信息充滿(mǎn)熱情,就會(huì)感到更有成就感)"可知,后文解釋了為什么學(xué)習(xí)一些我們沒(méi)有積極參與的東西是很難的,可見(jiàn)讓孩子主動(dòng)學(xué)習(xí)需要激起孩子學(xué)習(xí)的樂(lè)趣,故B選項(xiàng)"把學(xué)習(xí)視為樂(lè)趣的孩子更擅長(zhǎng)學(xué)習(xí)"符合語(yǔ)境,故選B。
③推理判斷題。根據(jù)上文"External motivation, things like rewards and punishment, does have its uses too. Praise and stimulation based on achieving good grades or fear of punishment has been acknowledged to motivate older students.(外部動(dòng)機(jī),比如獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)和懲罰,也有它的用處。在取得好成績(jī)或害怕受到懲罰的基礎(chǔ)上給予表?yè)P(yáng)和激勵(lì),已經(jīng)被認(rèn)為是對(duì)年長(zhǎng)學(xué)生的激勵(lì))"以及后文"So, if it's the case that natural curiosity is motivation for better learning, how can we stimulate that interest?(所以,如果天生的好奇心是更好學(xué)習(xí)的動(dòng)力,我們?cè)撊绾渭ぐl(fā)這種興趣呢?)"可知,后文提到了給予懲罰和獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)可以激勵(lì)年長(zhǎng)學(xué)生,可知本句旨在說(shuō)明懲罰和獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)在孩子早期時(shí)的作用,故C選項(xiàng)"盡管它在早期沒(méi)有那么大的影響"符合語(yǔ)境,故選C。
④推理判斷題。 根據(jù)后文"Let children see their learning as their own thing and give them a bit more choice of what and how they learn. For example, if you want to teach children to read, let them choose which book they use. Whether it's a graphic novel, TV guide or classic literature, the aim of stimulating their appetite for reading is achieved.(讓孩子把學(xué)習(xí)看作是他們自己的事情,在學(xué)習(xí)什么和如何學(xué)習(xí)方面給他們更多一點(diǎn)的選擇。例如,如果你想教孩子們閱讀,讓他們選擇他們使用的書(shū)。無(wú)論是漫畫(huà)小說(shuō)、電視指南還是經(jīng)典文學(xué),激發(fā)他們閱讀欲望的目的已經(jīng)實(shí)現(xiàn)了)"可知,本段的主旨是給予孩子更多一點(diǎn)的選擇,即"允許一定程度的自由"。故A選項(xiàng)"關(guān)鍵是允許一定程度的自由"符合語(yǔ)境,故選A。
⑤推理判斷題。 根據(jù)上文"Likewise, build a relationship with children as learners and listen to their negative feelings. If they are unwilling to get involved in an activity, don't rush to use threats or rewards. Try to find out why. Perhaps it's simply because they feel the activity boring.(同樣地,與作為學(xué)習(xí)者的孩子建立一種關(guān)系,傾聽(tīng)他們的消極感受。如果他們不愿意參與一項(xiàng)活動(dòng),不要急于使用威脅或獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。試著找出原因。也許只是因?yàn)樗麄冇X(jué)得這個(gè)活動(dòng)很無(wú)聊)"可知,本句承接上文,說(shuō)明找出原因的過(guò)程,D選項(xiàng)中it指代上文the activity。故D選項(xiàng)"然后解釋它的價(jià)值,即使它看起來(lái)不吸引人"符合語(yǔ)境,故選D。
17、答案：D
解析：考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)及語(yǔ)境理解。A.draws on利用;B.wears out磨損;C.brings back拿回來(lái);D.results in導(dǎo)致,引起。句意:然而,它也會(huì)讓原本永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)成為朋友的人們之間產(chǎn)生友誼。根據(jù)后文"friendships between people who would have otherwise never become friends"可知,新冠在人們之間產(chǎn)生友誼,故選D。
18、答案：B
解析：考查形容詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.dangerous危險(xiǎn)的;B.hard困難的;C.unfair不公平的;D.strange奇怪的。句意:2020年的封鎖對(duì)一直獨(dú)自生活的瑪麗來(lái)說(shuō)尤為艱難。根據(jù)后文"With nobody around her, she had to spend most of her time watching TV."可知,瑪麗獨(dú)自生活,所以2020年的封鎖對(duì)她來(lái)說(shuō)尤為艱難。故選B。
19、答案：C
解析：考查副詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.well好地;B.out出去;C.alone獨(dú)自地;D.nearby附近地。句意:2020年的封鎖對(duì)一直獨(dú)自生活的瑪麗來(lái)說(shuō)尤為艱難。根據(jù)后文"With nobody around her"可知瑪麗獨(dú)自生活。故選C。
20、答案：A
解析：考查動(dòng)詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.stuck粘,困在;B.locked鎖上;C.left離開(kāi);D.deserted拋棄。句意:本也被困在家里,不能和其他孩子一起玩。根據(jù)后文"at home, unable to play with other kids"可知,本也被困在家里,不能和其他孩子一起玩。故選A。
21、答案：B
解析：考查副詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.suddenly突然;B.gradually逐漸地;C.secretly秘密地;D.randomly隨機(jī)地。句意:他們不同尋常的友誼逐漸發(fā)展起來(lái)。根據(jù)上文"Their unusual friendship developed"可知友誼是逐漸發(fā)展起來(lái)的。故選B。
22、答案：C
解析：考查動(dòng)詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.stare凝視;B.point指出;C.wave揮動(dòng);D.shout叫喊。句意:起初,每當(dāng)瑪麗看到院子里的男孩時(shí),她都會(huì)從窗口向本揮手。根據(jù)后文"at Ben from her window"指從窗口向本揮手,故選C。
23、答案：D
解析：考查動(dòng)詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.hug擁抱;B.contact聯(lián)系;C.welcome歡迎;D.greet問(wèn)候。句意:然后,她開(kāi)始出去親自問(wèn)候他。根據(jù)上文"Then, she began going outside to"可知,瑪麗走出去,親自問(wèn)候本。故選D。
24、答案：A
解析：考查名詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.routine常規(guī);B.tradition傳統(tǒng);C.appointment任命;D.exercise鍛煉。句意:這種慣例最終發(fā)展到每天都聚集在兩家之間的柵欄旁。根據(jù)上一段內(nèi)容可知,他們一開(kāi)始只是互相打招呼,后來(lái)這種慣例最終發(fā)展到每天都聚集在兩家之間的柵欄旁。故選A。
25、答案：B
解析：考查名詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.device設(shè)備;B.game游戲;C.rule規(guī)則;D.concept概念。句意:兩人甚至還發(fā)明了一種社交隔離游戲,瑪麗稱(chēng)之為"棍球"。 根據(jù)后文"Ben threw his ball towards the fence and Mary got her walking stick"可知兩人玩起了游戲。故選B。
26、答案：C
解析：考查動(dòng)詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.jumped跳躍;B.turned轉(zhuǎn)彎;C.reached到達(dá);D.knocked敲擊。句意:本把球扔向籬笆,瑪麗拿起拐杖,越過(guò)籬笆把球打了回去。根據(jù)后文"over the fence and hit the ball back"指越過(guò)籬笆把球打了回去,應(yīng)用reach over越過(guò)"。故選C。
27、答案：C
解析：考查形容詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.pure純潔的;B.precious寶貴的;C.alive活著的;D.formal正式的。句意:當(dāng)天氣不好時(shí),他們倆不能在院子里見(jiàn)面時(shí),本的母親帶著孩子到瑪麗家的門(mén)廊拜訪(fǎng),以維持他們之間的友誼。結(jié)合上文"When the two were unable to meet in the yard in bad weather. Ben's mother kept the friendship"可知,本的母親帶著孩子到瑪麗家的門(mén)廊拜訪(fǎng),以維持他們之間的友誼,keep sth. alive表示"維持"。故選C。
28、答案：A
解析：考查動(dòng)詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.gifted贈(zèng)送;B.reminded提醒;C.convinced說(shuō)服;D.guided指導(dǎo)。句意:今年早些時(shí)候,瑪麗接種了疫苗,她送給本一個(gè)五顏六色的玩具卡車(chē)收藏,這個(gè)玩具卡車(chē)曾經(jīng)屬于她的孫子。結(jié)合后文"Ben with a colorful toy truck collection that had once belonged to her grandson"可知,瑪麗把一個(gè)五顏六色的玩具卡車(chē)送給了本,后文"with a gift of his own"也是提示。故選A。
29、答案：D
解析：考查名詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.trust信任;B.service服務(wù);C.company公司;D.favor支持。句意:男孩用他自己的一份禮物回報(bào)了她--他小心翼翼地用小手捧著一堆沙子放在她的門(mén)口。上文提到瑪麗送給本玩具卡車(chē),所以男孩用自己的禮物回報(bào)她。return the favor表示"回報(bào)"。故選D。
30、答案：A
解析：考查形容詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.heart-warming暖心的;B.bitter-sweet悲喜交加的;C.familiar-looking面熟的;D.hard-won來(lái)之不易的。句意:多么溫暖人心的場(chǎng)面啊!根據(jù)上文"Now the pair are often seen high-fiving across the fence or sitting outside Mary's house blowing bubbles."可知兩人隔著籬笆擊掌,或者坐在瑪麗的房子外面,吹著泡泡,這一場(chǎng)面溫暖人心。故選A。
31、答案：B
解析：考查名詞及語(yǔ)境理解。A.backgrounds背景;B.boundaries邊界;C.strategies策略;D.consequences結(jié)果。句意:友誼是沒(méi)有界限的。根據(jù)上文故事內(nèi)容可知,兩人雖然在疫情期間被隔離,但還是發(fā)展出了友誼,說(shuō)明友誼沒(méi)有界限。故選B。
32、答案：①are located②accessible③Built④an⑤exceptionally⑥how⑦between⑧popularity⑨t(yī)ook⑩to go
解析：①考查固定短語(yǔ)和動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：位于蘇州和上海之間的江蘇農(nóng)村有很多美麗的水鄉(xiāng)小鎮(zhèn)，其中很多都坐落在大運(yùn)河邊上，大運(yùn)河是連接杭州和北京的一條人工運(yùn)河，目的是為皇城輸送物資。結(jié)合句意表示"位于"短語(yǔ)為be located,根據(jù)上文is home to可知為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，定語(yǔ)從句中與先行詞towns保持一致，謂語(yǔ)應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填are located。
②考查形容詞。句意：同里鎮(zhèn)就是其中之一，從附近的蘇州來(lái)的游客可以很容易地到達(dá)這里。此處作is的表語(yǔ)，應(yīng)用形容詞accessible，表示"可到達(dá)的"。故填accessible。
③考查過(guò)去分詞。句意：建于宋朝的古鎮(zhèn)擁有令人愉悅的傳統(tǒng)中國(guó)景觀，其特色是有拱橋橫跨的如畫(huà)般的運(yùn)河和俯瞰水面的粉刷成白色的房屋。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知build在句中應(yīng)用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式，與邏輯主語(yǔ)town構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)。句首單詞首字母要大寫(xiě)。故填Built。
④考查冠詞。句意：沿著狹窄的小巷，你可以欣賞到許多保存完好的傳統(tǒng)房屋、寺廟和花園。結(jié)合句意表示"許多"可知短語(yǔ)為a number of，此處interesting是發(fā)音以元音音素開(kāi)頭的單詞，應(yīng)用an。故填an。
⑤考查副詞。句意：與被大規(guī)模旅游和商業(yè)化破壞的最受歡迎的景點(diǎn)相比，這里的氣氛格外平靜。修飾形容詞peaceful應(yīng)用副詞exceptionally,作狀語(yǔ)。故填exceptionally。
⑥考查表語(yǔ)從句。句意：是的，同里有很多紀(jì)念品商店和當(dāng)?shù)禺a(chǎn)品，但令我驚訝的是，盡管對(duì)旅游業(yè)開(kāi)放，但同里的保存十分完好：商業(yè)活動(dòng)和當(dāng)?shù)厣钪g的良好平衡。此處引導(dǎo)was的表語(yǔ)從句，且表示"多么完好，十分完好"應(yīng)用how well。故填how。
⑦考查固定短語(yǔ)。句意：是的，同里有很多紀(jì)念品商店和當(dāng)?shù)禺a(chǎn)品，但令我驚訝的是，盡管對(duì)旅游業(yè)開(kāi)放，但同里的保存十分完好：商業(yè)活動(dòng)和當(dāng)?shù)厣钪g的良好平衡。結(jié)合句意表示"……之間"可知短語(yǔ)為between...and...。故填between。
⑧考查不可數(shù)名詞。句意：因此，盡管同里很受歡迎，但它保持著一種安靜、悠閑的感覺(jué)，使它成為尋求寧?kù)o和休閑的游客的理想目的地?？仗幾髻e語(yǔ)，表示"受歡迎"應(yīng)用名詞popularity，表抽象概念不可數(shù)。故填popularity。
⑨考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：我在同里旅游的時(shí)候拍了很多照片，我希望這些照片能激勵(lì)游客把這個(gè)美麗的水鄉(xiāng)添加到他們的旅行中。描述過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故填took。
⑩考查動(dòng)詞不定式。句意：我對(duì)同里的印象非常好，我一直想和第一次來(lái)中國(guó)的家人再來(lái)一次。此處為短語(yǔ)mean to do sth.，表示"打算做某事"。故填to go。
33、答案：
Dear Peter,
Knowing that you are writing a report about Chinese rural life, I sincerely invite you to my hometown to spend the coming winter vacation.
My hometown is a typical village of northern China, where you can not only be exposed to the living environment of the villagers but also truly experience their daily life in every aspect. Meanwhile, you can participate in the colorful activities in celebration of the Spring Festival and immerge yourself in the authentic Chinese culture. All this will provide rich first-hand materials for your report.
I believe it will be a rewarding experience. Looking forward to your coming.
Yours,
Li Hua
解析：
34、答案：
Then I felt a hand on my shoulder. Looking up tearfully, I found it was Dad. “Dad!” I got up and threw myself into his arms. “Mom will be fine,” Dad comforted me, patting my back gently. “I hope so too,” I whispered. Three hours had passed before Dr Smith came out. Dad and I sprung up and rushed forward. Dr Smith told us the surgery was a success and that Mom would be able to speak when she woke up. We were overwhelmed by joy. Before long, Mom was wheeled back to the ward.
Dad and I held Mom’s hands until she woke up. “Honey, you can speak now,” Dad said fondly. But we found no sign of pleasure in Mom’s eyes. “Mom, say something,” I encouraged her. Ignoring me, Mom attempted to pull out a post-it saying “Hi”. “No more post-its! Talk to me! You can, Mom!” I seized her hand tightly and gazed deep into her eyes, trying to give her courage. Hesitant, Mom opened her mouth, forcing out a weak “Hi”. Strange as it sounded, it was the loveliest voice I’d ever heard. We three embraced, tears of happiness streaming down our cheeks.
解析：本文以人物為線(xiàn)索展開(kāi)，講述了作者的母親喜歡寫(xiě)作，是網(wǎng)上很受歡迎的報(bào)紙專(zhuān)欄作家，但是母親得了喉癌，無(wú)法說(shuō)話(huà)了，經(jīng)歷了三次手術(shù)后，母親終于能說(shuō)話(huà)了。
高分句型一
Looking up tearfully，I found it was Dad.
翻譯：我含淚抬頭一看，原來(lái)是爸爸。
分析：運(yùn)用了現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)。
高分句型二
Dr. Smith told us the surgery was a success and that Mom would be able to speak when she woke up.
翻譯：史密斯醫(yī)生告訴我們手術(shù)很成功，媽媽醒來(lái)后就能說(shuō)話(huà)了。
分析：運(yùn)用了that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。


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