1）不定代詞sme, any, n, every與-ne, -bdy, -thing構(gòu)成復(fù)合代詞。我們稱之為復(fù)合不定代詞。
2）當(dāng)形容詞修飾smething, anything, nthing, everything等不定代詞時(shí)，放在這些詞的后面。3）這些不定代詞做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用第三人稱單數(shù)。例如：Is everybdy here? 大家都到齊了嗎？4）smething，smebdy，smene，smewhere用于肯定句及表示請(qǐng)求或建議的疑問(wèn)句中，而anything，anybdy，anyne，anywhere用于否定句及疑問(wèn)句中。例如：Did yu d anything interesting? 你做了有趣的事嗎？（表疑問(wèn)）Why dn’t yu visit smene with me? 你為什么不跟我一起去拜訪下某個(gè)人呢？（表建議）
練一練( ) 1. I’m hungry. I want ______ t eat. A. anything B. smething C. everything D. nthing( ) 2. D yu have ______ t say fr yurself ? N, I have ______ t say.A. smething; everything B.nthing; smethingC. everything; anything D. anything; nthing( ) 3. Why nt ask ______ t help yu? A. everyne B. smene C. anyne D. nne( ) 4. Everything ____ ready. We can start nw.A. areB. isC. beD. were
(　　)5. —Have yu heard f ________ abut Jeremy Lin (林書豪)? —Yes. He did quite well in the last NBA basketball match. A．a(chǎn)nything exciting B．smething interesting C．a(chǎn)nything humrus D．smething imprtant (　　)6. —Hw d yu like the tw pieces f music? —________ f them are interesting. I've listened t them several times. A．Bth B．All C．Nne D．Neither (　　)7. —Wh helped Li Lei with his English? —________， he learnt it by himself. A．Anybdy B．Smebdy C．Nbdy D．Everybdy
1． 一般過(guò)去時(shí)的基本用法 一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，也可表示過(guò)去經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。常和表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，如：yesterday, last week, last night, in 2003, tw days ag等。 例如：I gt up at 6:30 yesterday. 我昨天6:30起床。 My father was very busy last week. 我父親上周很忙。 在一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用原形動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式形式。
2． 動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式變化規(guī)則：(1) 一般在動(dòng)詞后加-ed。如：play—played, ffer—ffered, weigh—weighed(2) 在以字母 e 結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞后，只加-d。如：like—liked, prvide—prvided(3) 在以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞后，則改 y 為 i，再加 ed。如：supply—supplied, fly—flied, study— studied.(4) 在以單短元音的重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾且末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的動(dòng)詞后，雙寫最后一個(gè)輔音字母，再加-ed。如：plan—planned, refer—referred, regret—regretted, ban—banned.(5) 不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的變化要單獨(dú)記憶。如：cst-cst cme-came run-ran mean-meant lse-lst have-had
(　　)2. —Wh cleaned the rm yesterday? —Tm ________. A．cleaned B．des C．did D．is
語(yǔ)法三：描述事情發(fā)生的頻率
描述事情發(fā)生的頻率，可以用頻率副詞，也可以用具體的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)表達(dá)頻率副詞：always，usually，ften，smetimes，hardly ever，seldm，never具體時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)every day，nce a week，three times a week，twice a mnthtw r three times a week對(duì)頻率進(jìn)行提問(wèn)用hw ften
練一練 ( )1. —Hw ften des he write e-mails t his friend?　　 —________.　　 A．Once a mnth　　 B．In a week　　 C．Fr half an hur D．Each Mnday( )2. He ________ gets up early, s he is________late fr schl.　　 A．a(chǎn)lways; always B．a(chǎn)lways; never　　 C．ever; always D．never; never ( )3. It is terrible.It's raining s ________that we can________ g ut. 　　 A．hard; hardly B．hard; hard　　 C．hardly; hard D．hardly; hardly
語(yǔ)法四：形容詞或副詞的比較級(jí)
taller fasternicerthinner earliermre utging
當(dāng)兩個(gè)事物某一方面進(jìn)行比較時(shí)，修飾的形容詞或副詞要用比較級(jí)
tall taller fast faster
nice nicer
thin thinner
(以不發(fā)音的字母 e 結(jié)尾的 + r )
(一般在詞尾 + er )
(重讀閉音節(jié)詞詞尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母時(shí)，先雙寫輔音字母再 + er)
early earlier
utging mre utging
(以輔音字母 + y 結(jié)尾的單 詞，變 y 為 i + er )
(多音節(jié)詞和部分雙音節(jié)詞前加mre)
1. A比B更…， 比較級(jí)+than Yu are shrter than Tm.2. 兩者中較…的：the+比較級(jí)+f the tw。 He is the fatter f the tw.3. 越來(lái)越…：比較級(jí)+and+比較級(jí) The earth is getting warmer and warmer.4. 越…,就越…: the+比較級(jí)(主謂),the+比較級(jí)(主謂) The mre we get tgether, the happier we’ll be.5. 兩者間進(jìn)行選擇，“哪一個(gè)更…”： Which/Wh is +比較級(jí)，A r B? Which is mre ppular, cla r ice cream?6. 比較級(jí)前可用程度副詞修飾。兩多(much, a lt) 兩少(a little, a bit)兩甚至(even, still) 還有一個(gè)遠(yuǎn)(far)去了 I can’t reach my hat in that tree, wh can help me? I can. Because I’m much taller than yu.
1. Nwadays English is _____________(imprtant ) than any ther subject, I think.2. Gld(黃金) is _________ (little) useful than irn(鐵). 3. My sister is tw years _________ (ld ) than me. 4. Jy’s parents have fur daughters, and she is the _________ (yung) child. 5. The _________ (cheap) bags are nt usually the wrst nes. 6. The shrt ne is far ______________ (expensive) . 7. The by is nt s _________ (interesting) as his brther. 8. Dick sings ________ (well), she sings ________(well) than Jhn, but Mary sings______ (well) in her class. 9. She will be much _________ (happy) in her new huse. 10. My rm is nt as _________ (big) as my brther’s.
mre imprtant
mre expensive
interesting
當(dāng)三個(gè)及三個(gè)以上的人對(duì)某一方面進(jìn)行比較時(shí)，描述某個(gè)人在某方面超過(guò)所有人，表達(dá)最的意思時(shí)，要用最高級(jí)形式。最高級(jí)形式是在比較級(jí)的基礎(chǔ)上將er變est，或者mre變成the msttall---taller--- the tallestfine---finer---the finestfunny---funnier---the funniestbig--bigger---the biggestserius---mre serius---the mst serius utging---mre utging---the mst utging ludly---mre ludly---the mst ludlybring/bred---mre bring---the mst bring
語(yǔ)法五：形容詞或副詞的最高級(jí)
better best
wrse wrst
mre mst
farther farthestfurther furthest
less least
the +序數(shù)詞+形容詞最高級(jí)+名詞 如：He is the secnd tallest by in the class.ne f the +最高級(jí)+名詞復(fù)數(shù) （最...之一，做主語(yǔ)時(shí)看做單數(shù))如One f the lngest rivers in China is the Yellw River.
一、用所給單詞正確形式填空 1. Frank is ________,Tm is ________ than Frank, but Jim is_________ (tall) f all. 2. Linda is ______________ than her sister. But her brther is __________________.(utging) 3. Ann is ________ (gd) f all the swimmers. 4. Twn Cinema is__________________ (ppular) f the three.
the mst ppular
the tallest
mre utging
the mst utging
二、用所給單詞正確形式填空5.Which subject is ___, physics r chemistry? A. interesting B. mst interesting C. mre interesting D. the mst interesting6.A hrse is ______ than a dg . A. much heavy B. mre heavier C. much heavier D. mre heavy7.Hainan is a very large Island .It is the secnd ______ island in china. A. large B. larger C. largest D. mst largest 8. Li lei ften talks ___ but des ___, s everyne says he is a gd by . A. less mre B. few much C. mre little D. little many
語(yǔ)法六：動(dòng)詞不定式做賓語(yǔ)
1.有些動(dòng)詞或短語(yǔ)只接不定式（t d）做賓語(yǔ)：want,hpe,expect,plan,wuld like,agree2.有些動(dòng)詞或短語(yǔ)只接動(dòng)名詞（ding)做賓語(yǔ)：mind，enjy, keep (n), stand(忍受)，allw , feel like 例如：His wife desn't allw smking inside the rm and ften advised him t give up smking. She desn't feel like eating anything，being ill fr a few days.
3、有些動(dòng)詞后面既可接不定式，又可接動(dòng)名詞，其意義基本相同，區(qū)別不大。如；like，lve4、有些詞后面既可以接不定式．亦可接動(dòng)名詞，但其意義有很大區(qū)別，須特別注意remember / frget ding sth. 記得(忘記）做過(guò)的或已完成的事情，remember/ frget t d sth. 記得(忘記）去做某事（未完成的）try：try t d，努力，試圖干……事；try ding：試著干……事
Ⅰ. 單項(xiàng)填空(　　)1. Mr Li asks the students ________ in the river, because it's t dangerus.　　 A．swim　　　　 B．t swim　　 C．nt t swim D．t nt swim(　　)2. Let's ________ fr a walk, shall we?　　 A．t g B．ging C．g D．gne
(　　)3. Since yu have finished yur hmewrk, hw abut ________?　　 A．g t run　　 B．g running　　 C．ging t run　　 D．ging running(　　)4. They have gt such a ________ table.　　 A．rund wden brwn　　 B．rund brwn wden　　 C．brwn rund wden　　 D．wden rund brwn
1、be ging t 句型的用法對(duì)于將要發(fā)生的事，或打算、計(jì)劃、決定要做的事，皆以“be ging t +動(dòng)詞原形”的句型來(lái)表示。如：I’m ging t be a teacher when I grw up. They’re ging t play vlleyball next week.2、肯定句的構(gòu)成和用法句型:主語(yǔ)+be ging t+動(dòng)詞原+……I am ging t play ftball next Sunday.He is ging t teach in Beijing next year.They’re ging t meet utside the schl gate.It is ging t rain.
語(yǔ)法七：be?ging?t+動(dòng)詞原形結(jié)構(gòu)
3、否定句的構(gòu)成和用法句型:主語(yǔ)+be nt ging t +動(dòng)詞原形We’re nt ging t have any class next week.It’s nt ging t rain this afternn.I’m nt ging t be a teacher.He isn’t ging t see his brther tmrrw.4、一般疑問(wèn)句的構(gòu)成和用法句型:be+主語(yǔ)+ging t +動(dòng)詞原形…？Are yu ging t be a dctr in the future?Yes ,I am./N, I’m nt.Is yur sister ging t bring yu lunch?Yes,she is./N,she isn’t.
5、特殊疑問(wèn)句的構(gòu)成和用法：
句型：特殊疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)句Hw are they ging t schl tmrrw?By bike.What is he ging t d next Sunday?He is ging t read bks.When are yu ging t buy a new bike?Tmrrw.Where is the little girl ging ?She is ging t her grandma’s hme.
一、用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.The bys __________ (g) play sccer this afternn. 2. _____ yu _____________(play) basketball with menext week? 3.The actr ___ ging t ________(mve) New Yrk. 4. He admires actrs very much. He’s ging t take_____ (act) lessns every day. 5. Lucy ________________(nt stay) at hme next weekend.
ging t play
is nt ging t stay
二．把下列各句譯成英語(yǔ)。 1.我叔叔今晚要來(lái)。 My uncle ______ _______ _______． 2．他沒(méi)有打算住那座小屋 He ____ _______ _______ _______ in the small huse.3．我們要讀這本書。 We ______ __________ _____ ______ this bk． 4．—你爸爸要去釣魚(yú)嗎？ —不，他要去游泳。 —______yur father ________ __________？ —N，he is __________ __________．
will cme tnight
isn’t ging t live
are ging t read
Is ging fishing
ging swimming
1. The Simple Future tense 一般將來(lái)時(shí)的三種基本結(jié)構(gòu)： ⑴ will +V. ⑵ be ging t +V. ⑶ be + Ving 一般將來(lái)時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：in + 時(shí)間，in the future，next + 時(shí)間There will be less pllutin.Lk at the cluds. It is ging t rain.Mr. Ma is cming. 馬老師要來(lái)了。 (有這種用法的動(dòng)詞或短語(yǔ)有：cme, g, start, leave, take ff, fly, see ff, meet, get (t), arrive, stay, return, take等.)
will / shall引導(dǎo)的一般將來(lái)時(shí):一般將來(lái)時(shí)表示將來(lái)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或情況，最基本的結(jié)構(gòu)：will / shall + 動(dòng)詞原形 肯定句：主語(yǔ)+ will / shall +動(dòng)詞原形+（賓語(yǔ)）+其他 Peple will have rbts in their hmes.否定句：在will / shall 的后面加nt即可。 will nt = wn’t Peple will nt (wn’t) have rbts in their hmes.一般疑問(wèn)句：把will / shall 提到句子主語(yǔ)之前 Will peple have rbts in their hmes?特殊:特殊疑問(wèn)詞+will +主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其他成份？ When will peple have rbts in their hmes?
標(biāo)志詞：tmrrw 明天 next week 下周next mnth 下個(gè)月 next year 明年befre lng不久 sn 不久the day after tmrrw 后天the year after next 后年 in+一段時(shí)間the week after next 下下周
一般將來(lái)時(shí): 表示在將來(lái)某個(gè)時(shí)間要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài),構(gòu)成為: Will +動(dòng)詞原型 e.g. (1) Kids will study at hme. (2) Everything will be free. (3) It will be sunny tmrrw. 否定結(jié)構(gòu): wn’t(will nt)+動(dòng)詞原型 They wn’t visit Shanghai. 疑問(wèn)句結(jié)構(gòu): Will kids study at hme ? 某些動(dòng)詞的進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作 ：g, cme, leave, meet, start, begin, finish…
( )1.The plane will take ff ________ three hurs.I must get t the airprt right nw. A．in B．fr C．n D．a(chǎn)t( )2.—Why are yu in such a hurry, Mike? —There ________ an NBA basketball game in ten minutes. A．will have B．will be C．is ging t have D．a(chǎn)re ging t be
( )3. —Will kids study at hme n cmputers in the future? —________.And they can d as well as at schl. A．Yes, they will B．N, they wn't C．Yes, they wn't D．N, they will( )4.They________t wrk. They'll wrk at hme instead. A. will g B. wn't g C. didn't g D. went( )5.—When ________ yu ________ t Australia? —Next Mnday. A．did; fly B．will; fly C．a(chǎn)re; fly D．d; fly
( )6.There ________ mre students in ur schl next term. A．will have B．is ging t have C．will be D．is( )7.The city will have ________ trees and ________ pllutin. A．mre; fewer B．less; fewer C．mre; less D. fewer; less
A：可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞1．可數(shù)名詞： 可數(shù)名詞指可以 的，表示人或事物的名詞，可分 為 數(shù)名詞，在其前可加不定冠詞a，an或數(shù)詞表 示其數(shù)量。 當(dāng)數(shù)量超過(guò)1時(shí)，名詞應(yīng)該用 形式。 名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式的構(gòu)成方法有規(guī)則和不規(guī)則兩種： 規(guī)則變化：(1)一般在名詞后加s構(gòu)成。 如：apple→apples (2)以s，x，ch，sh結(jié)尾的名詞，在其后加es。 如：bx→ bxes (3)以“輔音字母＋y”結(jié)尾的名詞，變y為i，再加es。 如：family→families
語(yǔ)法九：名詞可數(shù)和不可數(shù)
(4)以f，fe結(jié)尾的名詞，變f，fe為v，再加es。如：knife→knives不規(guī)則變化：(1)改變?cè)糇帜浮Ｈ纾簃an→men；ft→feet(2)單復(fù)數(shù)同形。如：sheep，Chinese等。(3)詞尾加ren。如：child→children(4)有些以結(jié)尾的加es。如：ptat→ptates；tmat→tmates有些以結(jié)尾只加s。如：pht→phts(5)有些名詞只有復(fù)數(shù)形式。如：clthes, trusers等。提問(wèn)可數(shù)名詞的數(shù)量時(shí)用 。
2．不可數(shù)名詞 不可數(shù)名詞沒(méi)有復(fù)數(shù)形式，不能與冠詞a，an及數(shù)詞直接 連用。一般表示肉類和飲料的詞是不可數(shù)名詞。 如：prk豬肉；chicken雞肉；fish魚(yú)肉； milk牛奶； juice果汁； rice米飯； water水； ygurt酸奶等。 表達(dá)不可數(shù)名詞的量時(shí)，有兩種方法： (1)用much, a little, little, a lt f, sme 等修辭，表示量的 多少。 如：There's little range in the bttle. 瓶子里幾乎沒(méi)有橘汁了。 (2)借助于單位詞來(lái)表示數(shù)量。 如：a piece f paper 一張紙； three teaspns f hney 三茶匙蜂蜜 提問(wèn)不可數(shù)名詞的量時(shí)用 。
Ⅰ.單項(xiàng)填空 ( )1.Mike________ his cmputer and checked his e-mail. A．turned n　　B．turned ff C．turned up D．turned dwn( )2. I'm hungry. Please give me ________. A. a bread B. sme breads C. a piece f bread D. tw pieces f breads
( )3. Put the apples and ice cream ________the blender. A. nt B. int C. n D. up( )4.Please cut________ the bananas________small pieces. A．up; t B．up; int C．ff; t D．ff; int ( )5.________ cups f ygurt d we need? A．Hw B．Hw much C．Hw many D．Hw many f
( )6.—________ bread wuld yu like? —Three pieces f ________. A．Hw many; breads B．Hw many; bread C．Hw much; breads D．Hw much; bread( )7.There________ tw slices f turkey n the table and there________ sme relish n the slices. A．a(chǎn)re; are B．a(chǎn)re; is C．is; is　 D．is; are( )8.—Let's g swimming. —________. A．Gd idea B．It desn't matter C．Never mind D．Thank yu very much
語(yǔ)法九：含if條件狀語(yǔ)從句的主從復(fù)合句
1. if 條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，主句用一般將來(lái)時(shí)，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái)。主將從現(xiàn)原則。例如：We will g t the park if it desn’t rain tmrrw.2. if 條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，如果主句有must，can，may 等情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)例如：Yu must stp if the traffic light is red.3. if 條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，主句是祈使句，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái)。主祈從現(xiàn)原則。例如：Dn’ t wait fr me if I am late.
1. Put up yur hands if yu _____ (have) any questins.2. If it ____ (be) cld tmrrw, I will wear my sweater.3. He can g hme if he ________ (finish) his hmewrk.
( )1.—D yu knw if they________t play ftball with us tmrrw? —I think they will cme if they________ free. A. will cme; will be B. will cme; are C. cme; are D. cme; will be( )2. He always thinks f________mre than himself. A. ther B. thers C. the ther D. the thers
( )3.He was________ tired________g n wrking. A. t; t B. such; that C. s; that D. t; that( )4. What will he d if he ________ the result? A. knw B. knew C. knws D. knwing( )5. We must be late________we take a taxi there. A. but B．a(chǎn)nd C. unless D. if

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