?2022-2023-1雅禮中學(xué)高三上第三次月考
英語(yǔ)
第一部分 聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）略
第二部分 閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）
第一節(jié) （共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。
A
Since early May 2022, cases of monkeypox (猴痘) have been reported from countries where the disease is not endemic (地方性流行的), and continue to be reported in several endemic countries. Most confirmed cases with travel history reported travel to countries in Europe and North America, rather than West or Central Africa where the monkeypox virus is endemic. This is the first time that many monkeypox cases and clusters have been reported concurrently in non-endemic and endemic countries in widely disparate geographical areas. Click here for more information.
WHO is collaborating with health authorities to prevent further spread of the disease. We are issuing guidance to help countries on surveillance, laboratory work, clinical care, infection prevention and control, as well as risk communication and community engagement to inform communities at risk and the broader general public about monkeypox and how to keep safe.
You can catch monkeypox through close contact with someone who has symptoms. Close contact includes skin-to-skin; face-to-face; mouth-to-skin; and mouth-to-mouth. You can also catch monkeypox from contaminated bedding, towels, surfaces or objects.
Protect yourself
? If someone you know is diagnosed with or has suspected monkeypox, avoid close contact with them
? Know the symptoms and check yourself regularly
? If you have symptoms, seek health advice and self-isolate while you wait to get tested
? Get vaccinated if it is available to you
? Clean and disinfect environments that could have been contaminated with the virus from someone who is infectious
? Stay informed about monkeypox in your area
? Have open, non-judgmental conversations with people you come into close contact with about any symptoms you or they may have
Protect others if you are recovering from monkeypox at home
? Isolate in a separate room
? Use a separate bathroom, or clean and disinfect it (with household disinfectant) after each use
? Clean hands frequently using soap and water or an alcohol-based hand sanitizer
? Clean and disinfect frequently touched surfaces and objects
? Avoid sweeping and vacuuming
? Use separate dishes, cups, bedding, towels and electronics
? Do your own laundry. Put everything in a plastic bag before carrying it to the washing machine. Use soap and water > 60 degrees.
? Open windows
1. What should we do when interacting with infected people?
A. Talk with them.
B. Gossip about how they were infected.
C. Be friendly and shake hands with them.
D. Disinfect surfaces or objects touched by them.
2. If you are recovering from monkeypox at home, which is WRONG to protect others?
A. Keep good ventilation. B. Clean the floor frequently.
C. Don’t do laundry with your family. D. Sanitize the bathroom after each use.
3. Where is this text probably taken from?
A. A website. B. A book.
C. A brochure. D. An advertisement.
【答案】1. D 2. B 3. A
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要講述自2022年5月份開(kāi)始猴痘病開(kāi)始傳播，為了預(yù)防更近一步的擴(kuò)散，世界衛(wèi)生組織制定了一些注意事項(xiàng)。
【1題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Protect yourself”中第一條注意事項(xiàng)“If someone you know is diagnosed with or has suspected monkeypox, avoid close contact with them.(如果你認(rèn)識(shí)的人中有人被診斷患有或者疑似患有猴痘病，一定要避免與其近距離接觸)”以及第五條注意事項(xiàng)“Clean and disinfect environments that could have been contaminated with the virus from someone who is infectious(清潔和消毒可能被感染者污染的環(huán)境)”可知，當(dāng)跟感染者有接觸時(shí)，應(yīng)該消毒感染者接觸過(guò)的表面或者物體。故選D。
【2題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Protect others if you are recovering from monkeypox at home”中第二條“Use a separate bathroom, or clean and disinfect it (with household disinfectant) after each use(浴室要分開(kāi)或者每次使用后用家庭消毒劑清潔和消毒浴室)”可知，要清潔和消毒浴室，所以D. Sanitize the bathroom after each use.(每次使用后清潔浴室)正確；根據(jù)最后一條“Open windows(開(kāi)窗)”可知，要保持空氣流通，所以A. Keep good ventilation.(保持空氣流通)正確；根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二條“Do your own laundry.(自己洗衣服)”可知，衣物要分開(kāi)洗，所以C. Don’t do laundry with your family.(不要跟家人的衣物一起洗)正確；根據(jù)第四條“Clean and disinfect frequently touched surfaces and objects(經(jīng)常清理和消毒觸摸過(guò)的物體和表面)”可知，并沒(méi)有讓經(jīng)常清理地板，所以B錯(cuò)誤。故選B。
【3題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句話“Click here for more information.(點(diǎn)擊這里獲得更多的信息)”可知，這篇文章很可能來(lái)自網(wǎng)上。故選A。
B
The Supreme Court decided to overturn Roe v Wade, starting a fresh battle in this decades-long fight over abortion. In a 6-3 ruling, the court found that there was no constitutional right to abortion, turning the decision of whether to allow abortions or not up to the states. Millions of women are now expected to lose access.
This decision was based on their interpretation of constitutional law, but it’s also deeply political. When the court overturns a previous ruling it inevitably looks to critics to be more political than constitutional.
The court has a 6-3 conservative super majority, thanks to the three justices appointed by Donald Trump. He made a specific campaign promise to appoint judges who would overturn Roe v Wade — and those appointments will probably be his most lasting legacy.
Now that Roe v Wade is overturned, 26 states could further restrict abortion access, including 13 states that have passed so-called trigger laws, which would introduce bans immediately upon the court’s decision.
Democratic-controlled states like California and New York will cast themselves as abortion sanctuaries, welcoming women from places where the procedure has been outlawed. There are 20 states in all where abortion will remain a protected right. About 26.5 million women of childbearing age live in those states.
As abortion clinics close down in states that have outlawed the practice, many more are expected to open near state borders in places where it is still allowed. Those who don’t have the time or money to travel may resort to other means — such as ordering abortion-inducing pills online — even if it is illegal.
There were somewhere between 600,000 and 800,000 abortions in the US in 2019. According to the Center for Disease Control, about one in six pregnancies end in abortion, and over 90% occur in the first trimester (妊娠頭三個(gè)月). Over half of women who get abortions are already mothers, and for most, it is their first abortion.
Further fights may be ahead over how this ruling affects certain types of contraception (避孕) or IVF treatment. And some have questioned whether similar legal arguments can be used to undermine same-sex marriage.
America today feels like one country that contains two very separate nations, inhabited by two tribes that have completely different values, beliefs and goals. Now, they have just moved farther apart.
(Roe v Wade案是美國(guó)最高院1973年宣判的一個(gè)案子，它通過(guò)借道隱私權(quán)，確認(rèn)了美國(guó)憲法保障女性的墮胎權(quán)。)
4. What does the underlined word “sanctuaries” mean in the fifth paragraph?
A. Refuges. B. Churches. C. Markets. D. Intersections.
5. What can we infer from the sixth paragraph?
A. The decision will reduce abortion effectively.
B. All abortion clinics will be abandoned in America.
C. Women will still try different ways to have an abortion.
D. Time and money is a must for women to have an abortion.
6. Which of the following is CORRECT?
A. Women in California can’t have an abortion.
B. Donald Trump made effort to abandon abortion.
C. America is a very united country in terms of abortion right.
D. The decision was made merely according to interpretation of law.
7. What is the best title of the text?
A. Abortion right is human right
B. Why is abortion forbidden in America
C. Roe v Wade overturned, abortion right lost
D. Women should fight for their abortion right
【答案】4. A 5. C 6. B 7. C
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章報(bào)道了美國(guó)最高法院裁定推翻羅伊訴韋德案，讓各州決定女性是否擁有墮胎的權(quán)利。
【4題詳解】
詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第五段的“Democratic-controlled states like California and New York will cast themselves as abortion sanctuaries, welcoming women from places where the procedure has been outlawed. There are 20 states in all where abortion will remain a protected right. About 26.5 million women of childbearing age live in those states.(像加利福尼亞和紐約這樣由民主黨控制的州將把自己塑造成墮胎sanctuaries，歡迎來(lái)自墮胎被宣布為非法的地方的婦女?？偣灿?0個(gè)州墮胎仍然是受保護(hù)的權(quán)利。大約有2650萬(wàn)育齡婦女生活在這些州。)”可知，那些因墮胎而被宣布為違法的女性可以生活在像紐約和加利福尼亞等州，這些州有保護(hù)墮胎的權(quán)利，因此可知，加利福尼亞和紐約這樣的州對(duì)這些女性來(lái)說(shuō)是避難圣地，因此可推知?jiǎng)澗€詞與選項(xiàng)A“Refuges(避難所)”意思相近。故選A項(xiàng)。
【5題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六段“As abortion clinics close down in states that have outlawed the practice, many more are expected to open near state borders in places where it is still allowed. Those who don’t have the time or money to travel may resort to other means — such as ordering abortion-inducing pills online — even if it is illegal.(隨著墮胎診所在禁止這種做法的州關(guān)閉，預(yù)計(jì)會(huì)有更多的診所在州邊界附近仍然允許墮胎的地方開(kāi)業(yè)。那些沒(méi)有時(shí)間或金錢(qián)去到那里的人可能會(huì)訴諸其他方式——比如在網(wǎng)上訂購(gòu)人工流產(chǎn)藥丸——即使這是非法的。)”可知，雖然在禁止墮胎的州內(nèi)關(guān)閉了一些診所，但是在允許墮胎的一些邊境地方將會(huì)開(kāi)設(shè)更多的診所，并且人們還會(huì)網(wǎng)上訂購(gòu)人工流產(chǎn)藥丸來(lái)墮胎，因此推知，女性們?nèi)匀粫?huì)選擇各種方式來(lái)墮胎。故選C項(xiàng)。
【6題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“The court has a 6-3 conservative super majority, thanks to the three justices appointed by Donald Trump. He made a specific campaign promise to appoint judges who would overturn Roe v Wade—and those appointments will probably be his most lasting legacy.(因?yàn)樘萍{德·特朗普任命的三名大法官，最高法院以6比3的比例獲得了保守派的絕對(duì)多數(shù)。特朗普在競(jìng)選中做出了明確的承諾，將任命推翻羅伊訴韋德案的法官——這些任命可能是他最持久的遺產(chǎn)。)”可知，特朗普任命的法官推翻了羅伊訴韋德案，由此可知，唐納德·特朗普反對(duì)墮胎，B項(xiàng)“Donald Trump made effort to abandon abortion.(唐納德·特朗普努力廢除墮胎)”說(shuō)法正確。故選B項(xiàng)。
【7題詳解】
主旨大意題。通讀全文，結(jié)合第一段的“The Supreme Court decided to overturn Roe v Wade, starting a fresh battle in this decades-long fight over abortion. In a 6-3 ruling, the court found that there was no constitutional right to abortion, turning the decision of whether to allow abortions or not up to the states. Millions of women are now expected to lose access.(美國(guó)最高法院最終決定推翻羅伊訴韋德案，開(kāi)啟了這場(chǎng)持續(xù)數(shù)十年的流產(chǎn)之爭(zhēng)的新篇章。在一項(xiàng)6比3的裁決中，法院發(fā)現(xiàn)憲法中沒(méi)有墮胎的權(quán)利，將是否允許墮胎的決定權(quán)轉(zhuǎn)向了各州。現(xiàn)在，預(yù)計(jì)數(shù)百萬(wàn)婦女將無(wú)法享有這項(xiàng)權(quán)利。)”可知，本文主要報(bào)道了美國(guó)否定了羅伊訴韋德案，使得婦女享有的墮胎權(quán)丟失，所以“Roe v Wade overturned, abortion right lost(羅伊訴韋德案被推翻，墮胎權(quán)喪失)”是最佳標(biāo)題。故選C項(xiàng)。
C
Housing officials say that lately they are noticing something different: students seem to lack the will and the skill, to address ordinary conflicts. “We have students who are mad at each other and they text each other in the same room,” says a teacher. “So many of our roommate conflicts are because kids don’t know how to negotiate a problem.”
And as any pop psychologist will tell you, bottled emotions lead to silent discontent that can boil over into frustration and anger. At the University of Florida, emotional outbursts occur about once a week, the university’s director of housing and residence education says. “It used to be: ‘Let’s sit down and talk about it.’” he says. “Over the past five years, roommate conflicts have increased. The students don’t have the person-to-person discussions and they don’t know how to handle them.” The problem is most dramatic among freshmen; housing professionals say they see improvement as students move toward graduation, but some never seem to catch on, and they worry about how such students will deal with conflicts after college.
Administrators speculate that reliance on cell phones and the Internet may have made it easier for young people to avoid uncomfortable encounters. Why express anger in person when you can vent in a text? “Things are posted on someone’s wall on Facebook: Oh, my roommate kept me up all night studying,” says Dana Pysz, an assistant director in the office of residential life at the University of California, Los Angeles. “It’s a different way to express their conflict to each other, consequently creating even more frictions as complaints go public.” In recent focus groups at North Carolina State University, dorm residents said they would not even confront noisy neighbors on their floor.
Administrators point to parents who have fixed their children’s problems in their entire lives. Now in college, the children lack the skills to attend to even modest conflicts. Some parents continue to interfere on campus.
8. What is the main reason for many roommate conflicts?
A. Students are not strong-willed.
B. Students are not satisfied with each other.
C. Housing directors are not responsible for them.
D. Students are not good at reaching an agreement about the problems.
9. What do we learn from the second paragraph?
A. Students, especially freshmen, should bottle up their dissatisfaction.
B. Some students are not able to handle conflicts by the time they graduate.
C. Students in Florida sit down and have a person-to-person talk once a week.
D. The number of conflicts among roommates has decreased during the past five years.
10. What is the attitude of Dana Pysz when he mentions roommates disclosing their conflicts in the media?
A. Disapproval. B. Indifference. C. Eagerness. D. Empathy.
11. What should parents do according to the passage?
A. They should be involved in their children’s life on campus.
B. They should teach their children the skills to tackle the conflicts.
C. They should constantly contact the administrators of the college.
D. They should deal with their children’s problems in their whole lives.
【答案】8. D 9. B 10. A 11. B
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章分析了大學(xué)生宿舍沖突日益加劇的原因。
【8題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“So many of our roommate conflicts are because kids don’t know how to negotiate a problem.”（我們的很多室友沖突都是因?yàn)楹⒆觽儾恢廊绾螀f(xié)商問(wèn)題。）可知，許多室友沖突的主要原因是學(xué)生們不善于就問(wèn)題達(dá)成一致意見(jiàn)。故選D。
【9題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“The problem is most dramatic among freshmen; housing professionals say they see improvement as students move toward graduation, but some never seem to catch on, and they worry about how such students will deal with conflicts after college.”（這個(gè)問(wèn)題在大一新生中表現(xiàn)得最為明顯；舍務(wù)專員說(shuō)，隨著學(xué)生們臨近畢業(yè)，他們看到了改善，但有些人似乎從來(lái)沒(méi)有領(lǐng)會(huì)到這一點(diǎn)，他們擔(dān)心這些學(xué)生畢業(yè)后將如何處理沖突。）可知，有些學(xué)生到畢業(yè)時(shí)還無(wú)法處理沖突。故選B。
【10題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“ ‘Things are posted on someone’s wall on Facebook: Oh, my roommate kept me up all night studying,’ says Dana Pysz, an assistant director in the office of residential life at the University of California, Los Angeles. ‘It’s a different way to express their conflict to each other, consequently creating even more frictions as complaints go public.’ ”（加州大學(xué)洛杉磯分校(University of California, Los Angeles)住宿生活辦公室助理主任達(dá)納·皮斯說(shuō):“有人在Facebook上的留言板上貼了一些東西:哦，我的室友讓我整晚熬夜學(xué)習(xí)?！薄斑@是一種表達(dá)彼此沖突的不同方式，隨著投訴公開(kāi)化，結(jié)果會(huì)產(chǎn)生更多摩擦?！保┛芍?，達(dá)納·皮斯并不贊同在媒體上公開(kāi)與室友間的沖突這一做法。故選A。
11題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Administrators point to parents who have fixed their children’s problems in their entire lives. Now in college, the children lack the skills to attend to even modest conflicts. ”（管理人員指出，父母在孩子的整個(gè)生活中都解決了他們的問(wèn)題。現(xiàn)在上了大學(xué)，孩子們甚至缺乏處理輕微沖突的能力。）可知，家長(zhǎng)們應(yīng)該教他們的孩子處理沖突的技能。故選B。
D
If you’ re reaching for the last piece of pizza at a party, and meanwhile see another hand going for it, your next move probably depends on how you feel and whom the hand belongs to. Your little sister — you might just grab the pizza. Your boss — you probably will give up.
Now researchers have made progress in understanding how mammals’ brain encodes social rank and uses this information to shape behaviors — such as whether to fight for the last pizza slice. They discovered that an area of the brain called the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) was responsible for representing social rank in mammals; changes to a mouse’s mPFC affected its dominance behavior. But it was unknown how the mPFC represented this information and which neurons(神經(jīng)元) were involved in changing dominance behaviour.
In the new study Professor Kay Tye let groups of four mice share a cage. Some mice became more dominant and others more subordinate. As soon as the mice were paired up, he discovered, the activity of their mPFC neurons could predict — with 90 percent certainty — the rank of their opponent.
“We expected animals might only signal rank when they are in a competition,” says co-researcher Nancy. “But it turns out animals walk around with this representation of social rank all the time.”
When the researchers next asked whether the activity of the mPFC neurons was associated with behaviour, they found something surprising. The brain activity patterns were linked with slight changes in behaviour, such as how fast a mouse moved, and they also could predict — a full 30 seconds before the competition started — which mouse would win the food reward.
The winner was not always the more dominant, but the one engaged in a winning mindset. Just as you might sometimes be in a more competitive mood and be more likely to snatch that pizza slice before your boss, a subordinate mouse might be in a more winning mindset than a more dominant mouse and end up winning.
The areas of the mPFC associated with social rank and winning mindset are next to one another and highly connected. Signals on social rank impact the state of the brain involved in winning mindset. In other words, a subordinate mouse’s confidence and winning mindset may partially decrease when faced with a dominant one.
“This is further evidence to suggest that we are in different brain states when we are with others compared to when we’re alone,” says Tye.
12. What is the purpose of the first paragraph?
A. To provide background information. B. To state the importance of social rank.
C. To give readers an example of social rank. D. To introduce the topic of the reading passage.
13. What does the underlined word “they” in paragraph 5 refer to?
A. The mPFC neurons. B. The researchers.
C. The brain activity patterns. D. The changes in behaviour.
14. What can we learn from the new study?
A. Brain activities can influence social rank.
B. Dominant opponents boost winning mindset.
C. Social rank and winning mindset affect behaviour.
D. Animals only exhibit their rank in competition.
15. What can we infer from the passage?
A. Winning mindset establishes dominance.
B. Social rank guides competitive behaviour.
C. A subordinate mouse can never been a winner.
D. Awareness of different people around you make your brain use different neurons.
【答案】12. D 13. C 14. C 15. D
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了研究人員對(duì)大腦中一個(gè)叫做內(nèi)側(cè)前額葉皮質(zhì)（mPFC）的區(qū)域如何參與改變支配行為的研究，得出結(jié)論：處于“勝利心態(tài)”的人更容易成為具有統(tǒng)治力的人，意識(shí)到周?chē)煌娜藭?huì)讓你的大腦使用不同的神經(jīng)元。
【12題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“If you’ re reaching for the last piece of pizza at a party, and meanwhile see another hand going for it, your next move probably depends on how you feel and whom the hand belongs to. Your little sister—you might just grab the pizza. Your boss—you probably will give up. But if you’re hungry and feeling particularly confident, you might go for it. ” (如果你在派對(duì)上伸手去拿最后一塊披薩，同時(shí)看到另一只手在拿，你的下一步行動(dòng)可能取決于你的感覺(jué)以及那只手屬于誰(shuí)。如果是你妹妹——你可能就去拿披薩。如果是你的老板——你可能會(huì)放棄。但是如果你餓了并且感覺(jué)特別自信，你可能會(huì)去拿披薩。)結(jié)合之后文章提出大腦中一個(gè)叫做內(nèi)側(cè)前額葉皮質(zhì)（mPFC）的區(qū)域負(fù)責(zé)代表哺乳動(dòng)物的社會(huì)地位，可知作者寫(xiě)第一段是為了引出一個(gè)主要話題。故選D項(xiàng)。
【13題詳解】
詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第五段“When the researchers next asked whether the activity of the mPFC neurons was associated with behaviour, they found something surprising. The brain activity patterns were linked with slight changes in behaviour, such as how fast a mouse moved, and?they?also could predict—a full 30 seconds before the competition started—which mouse would win the food reward. ” (當(dāng)研究人員再次詢問(wèn)mPFC神經(jīng)元的活動(dòng)是否與行為有關(guān)時(shí)，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)了一些令人驚訝的事情。大腦活動(dòng)模式與行為的輕微變化有關(guān)，例如老鼠移動(dòng)的速度，它們還可以在比賽開(kāi)始前整整30秒預(yù)測(cè)哪只老鼠會(huì)贏得食物獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。)可知研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)大腦活動(dòng)模式與行為密切相關(guān)，劃線部分的“they”指的是大腦活動(dòng)模式。故選C項(xiàng)。
【14題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“The areas of the mPFC associated with social rank and “winning mindset” are next to one another and highly connected. Signals on social rank impact the state of the brain involved in “winning mindset”. In other words, a subordinate mouse’s confidence and “winning mindset” may partially decrease when faced with a dominant one. ”( mPFC中與社會(huì)地位和“獲勝心態(tài)”相關(guān)的區(qū)域彼此相鄰，高度相關(guān)。社會(huì)等級(jí)的信號(hào)會(huì)影響“獲勝心態(tài)”的大腦狀態(tài)。換句話說(shuō)，當(dāng)面對(duì)占優(yōu)勢(shì)的老鼠時(shí)，從屬老鼠的信心和“獲勝心態(tài)”可能會(huì)部分下降。)可知社會(huì)地位和獲勝心態(tài)可能會(huì)影響心態(tài)，從而影響行為。故選C項(xiàng)。
【15題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“If you’ re reaching for the last piece of pizza at a party, and meanwhile see another hand going for it, your next move probably depends on how you feel and whom the hand belongs to. Your little sister — you might just grab the pizza. Your boss — you probably will give up. ” (如果你在派對(duì)上伸手去拿最后一塊披薩，同時(shí)看到另一只手在拿，你的下一步行動(dòng)可能取決于你的感覺(jué)以及那只手屬于誰(shuí)。如果是你妹妹——你可能就去拿披薩。如果是你的老板——你可能會(huì)放棄。)；再根據(jù)倒數(shù)第一段““This is further evidence to suggest that we are in different brain states when we are with others compared to when we’re alone,” says Tye. ” (Tye說(shuō)，這是進(jìn)一步的證據(jù)表明，當(dāng)我們和別人在一起時(shí)，與我們獨(dú)自一人時(shí)相比，我們的大腦狀態(tài)是不同的。)可知，我們大腦的神經(jīng)元會(huì)隨著周?chē)煌娜硕l(fā)生改變。故選D項(xiàng)。
第二節(jié) （共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）
閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
If you are someone who struggles with exam anxiety, know that you aren’t alone.
If you are always successful, you may not learn much. ____16____ Scientists have found that being wrong 15 percent of the time is the secret to learning new things. Although nobody likes to fail, scientists have long suspected that people learnt better when they were challenged to learn something just outside of their existing knowledge.
Make a task too hard and participants will give up without learning any new skills, but if it is too easy, they will also not pick up anything useful. ____17____ To find out where the “sweet spot” lies, researchers at the University of Arizona conducted a series of machine-learning experiments in which they taught computers simple tasks, such as picking whether a number was odd(奇數(shù)的) or even(偶數(shù)的). They found that when the error rate was 15 percent, the computers learnt fastest.
_____18_____ It could help teachers adapt their classes to the right level. If the teachers give really easy examples, you get 100 percent right all the time. _____19_____ If they give really hard examples, you still won’t learn anything new. Only when you are at this “sweet spot” can you get the most information from each particular example.
_____20_____ You shouldn’t be disappointed if you aren’t 100% right all the time. If you are taking classes that are too easy, then you aren’t probably getting as much out of a class as someone who’s struggling but managing to keep up.
A. Accept challenges bravely.
B. Then there’s nothing left to learn.
C. The more difficult the task, the better.
D. In this way, you can maximize your learning.
E. But that “sweet spot” has always been unknown.
F. Some studies have shown that failure is not a bad thing.
G. The scientists have named it “The 85 percent rule”.
【答案】16. F 17. E 18. G 19. B 20. A
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文為一篇說(shuō)明文?？茖W(xué)家們發(fā)現(xiàn)，學(xué)習(xí)新事物秘訣是錯(cuò)誤率為15%，這一“最佳點(diǎn)”效應(yīng)也可以運(yùn)用于學(xué)校教學(xué)和測(cè)試中。
【16題詳解】
空前“If you are always successful, you may not learn much.(如果你總是成功，你可能學(xué)不到太多東西)”表明總是成功不能學(xué)習(xí)很多，空后“Scientists have found that being wrong 15 percent of the time is the secret to learning new things.(科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)，學(xué)習(xí)新事物的秘訣是犯錯(cuò)率為15%)”表明犯錯(cuò)能學(xué)習(xí)新事物；F選項(xiàng)“Some studies have shown that failure is not a bad thing.(一些研究表明，失敗并不是一件壞事)”引出下文，符合語(yǔ)境。故選F項(xiàng)。
【17題詳解】
空前“Make a task too hard and participants will give up without learning any new skills, but if it is too easy, they will also not pick up anything useful.(如果任務(wù)太過(guò)困難，參與者就會(huì)在沒(méi)有學(xué)到任何新技能的情況下放棄，但如果任務(wù)太過(guò)簡(jiǎn)單，他們也不會(huì)學(xué)到任何有用的東西)”可知，任務(wù)太困難或者太簡(jiǎn)單都有弊端，后文“To find out where the “sweet spot” lies, researchers at the University of Arizona conducted a series of machine-learning experiments in which they taught computers simple tasks, such as picking whether a number was odd or even.(為了找出“最佳點(diǎn)”在哪里，亞利桑那大學(xué)的研究人員進(jìn)行了一系列機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)實(shí)驗(yàn)，在這些實(shí)驗(yàn)中，他們教會(huì)計(jì)算機(jī)一些簡(jiǎn)單的任務(wù)，比如選擇一個(gè)數(shù)字是奇數(shù)還是偶數(shù))”中提出了“sweet spot”這個(gè)概念；E選項(xiàng)“But that “sweet spot” has always been unknown.(但這個(gè)“最佳點(diǎn)”一直是未知的)”與前文進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)折并引出“sweet spot”，符合語(yǔ)境。故選E項(xiàng)。
【18題詳解】
空前“They found that when the error rate was 15 percent, the computers learnt fastest.(他們發(fā)現(xiàn)，當(dāng)錯(cuò)誤率為15%時(shí)，計(jì)算機(jī)學(xué)習(xí)速度最快)”為實(shí)驗(yàn)得出的結(jié)果，空后“It could help teachers adapt their classes to the right level.(它可以幫助教師將課堂調(diào)整到合適的水平)”表明這一實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果可以運(yùn)用到課堂教學(xué)上；G選項(xiàng)“The scientists have named it “The 85 percent rule”.(科學(xué)家們將其命名為“85%規(guī)則”)”表明將得出的結(jié)果制定了對(duì)應(yīng)的規(guī)則，同時(shí)引起下文。故選G項(xiàng)。
【19題詳解】
空前“If the teachers give really easy examples, you get 100 percent right all the time.(如果老師舉的例子非常簡(jiǎn)單，你就能百分百答對(duì))”表示如果過(guò)于簡(jiǎn)單，就可以完全正確；B選項(xiàng)“Then there’s nothing left to learn.(那就沒(méi)什么可學(xué)的了)”表示過(guò)于簡(jiǎn)單的例子導(dǎo)致的結(jié)果，就是學(xué)不到什么，符合語(yǔ)境。故選B項(xiàng)。
【20題詳解】
空后“You shouldn’t be disappointed if you aren’t 100% right all the time.(如果你不是百分百正確，你也不應(yīng)該感到失望)”及下文可知，空格處首句應(yīng)表示我們應(yīng)如何面對(duì)挑戰(zhàn)；A選項(xiàng)“Accept challenges bravely.(勇敢地接受挑戰(zhàn))”符合語(yǔ)境。故選A項(xiàng)。
第三部分 語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）
第一節(jié) （共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）
閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。
It was Christmas 1961 I was teaching in a small town where my third graders eagerly ______21______ the great day of gifts giving.
Each day all the children except one girl produced some new wonder to be hung from the ceiling. Through it all she remained ______22______, watching from afar, seemingly miles away. I wondered what had happened to this once so ______23______ but now so suddenly withdrawn child. I hoped the festivities would ______24______ her. But nothing did. We made cards and gifts for everyone. As my gift to them, I made each of my students a little bag. Of course, I knew they had each made something for me.
The day of gift-giving finally came. We oohed and aahed over our handiwork as the presents were ______25______. Through it all, she sat quietly watching. I had made a special bag for her, red and green with white lace, hoping very much to see her ______26______. She opened the package so slowly and carefully. I waited but she ______27______. I had not cracked the wall of ______28______ she had built around herself.
After school the children left in little groups. She lingered when I sat down to catch my breath. ______29______, she came to me with outstretched hands, ______30______ a small white box, unwrapped and slightly soiled, as though it had been held many times by ______31______, childish hands. “For me?” I asked with a weak smile. She said nothing, but nodded. I opened it ______32______. There inside, a shiny glass marble hung from a faded golden chain. In a flash I knew — she had made it for her mother who died just three weeks before and would never again hear her childish joys or sorrows.
She took the chain in both her hands, reached forward, and ______33______ the simple clasp(扣環(huán)) at the back of my neck. I looked down at the gift, then back at the giver. I ______34______ it when I whispered, “Oh, Maria, it is so beautiful. She would have loved it.” She stumbled into my arms and we wept together. And for that brief moment I became her mother, for she had given me the greatest gift of all: ______35______.
21. A. looked B. admired C. anticipated D. spent
22. A. curious B. awkward C. bitter D. indifferent
23. A. dull B. cheerful C. moody D. unfriendly
24. A. belong to B. go with C. appeal to D. turn to
25. A. compared B. purchased C. wrapped D. exchanged
26. A. pride B. movement C. smile D. gift
27. A. turned away B. tore down C. dropped out D. gave out
28. A. isolation B. trust C. safety D. hatred
29. A. Frequently B. Unexpectedly C. Apparently D. Consequently
30. A. bearing B. collecting C. opening D. making
31. A. unwashed B. disabled C. cold D. clever
32. A. by accident B. on purpose C. with care D. by force
33. A. unlocked B. secured C. removed D. rolled
34. A. pretended B. lied C. managed D. meant
35. A. a golden chain B. joy C. patience D. herself
【答案】21. C 22. D 23. B 24. C 25. D 26. C 27. A 28. A 29. B 30. A 31. A 32. C 33. B 34. D 35. D
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述作者在一個(gè)小鎮(zhèn)里教書(shū)時(shí)發(fā)生的事情。
【21題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我在一個(gè)小鎮(zhèn)里教書(shū)，在那里我的三年級(jí)的學(xué)生們熱切地期待著送禮物的大日子。A.looked 看；B. admired 欣賞；C.anticipated 期待；D.spent 花費(fèi)。根據(jù)下文“Each day all the children except one girl produced some new wonder to be hung from the ceiling.(每一天，除了一個(gè)女孩，所有的孩子都創(chuàng)造了一些新的奇跡，懸掛在天花板上)”可知，學(xué)生們很期待這個(gè)日子。故選C。
【22題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但自始至終,她都是孤零零地遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)觀望,仿佛是隔了一道幾里長(zhǎng)的障礙。A.curious 好奇的； B.awkward 尷尬的；C. bitter 懷恨的；苦的；D.indifferent 漠不關(guān)心的。根據(jù)空格后“watching from afar, seemingly miles away”可知，這個(gè)女孩一直保持漠不關(guān)心的態(tài)度。故選D。
【23題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我猜想著這個(gè)沉默的孩子發(fā)生了什么，原來(lái)那個(gè)快樂(lè)的孩子怎么突然變得沉默寡言起來(lái)。A. dull 枯燥的；B.cheerful 快樂(lè)的；C. moody 喜怒無(wú)常的；D.unfriendly 不友好的。根據(jù)空格后“but now so suddenly withdrawn child”可知，這個(gè)小孩突然變得沉默寡言，所以以前是一個(gè)很快樂(lè)的孩子。故選B。
【24題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：我希望節(jié)日的活動(dòng)能吸引她。A. belong to 屬于；B.go with 和……一起；C.appeal to 吸引；D.turn to 轉(zhuǎn)向，求助于。根據(jù)下文“ I had made a special bag for her, red and green with white lace, hoping very much to see her 　　6　　”可知，作者希望這次的活動(dòng)能吸引她加入。故選C。
【25題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在交換禮物時(shí)，我們?yōu)閷?duì)方親手做的禮物不停地叫好。A. compared 比較；B.purchased 購(gòu)買(mǎi)；C. wrapped 包，裹；D.exchanged 交換。根據(jù)上文“We made cards and gifts for everyone.(我們?yōu)槊總€(gè)人都做了禮物)”以及本段第一句“The day of gift-giving finally came. (送禮物的日子終于到了)”可知，這里指的是大家互相交換禮物。故選D。
【26題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我為她做了一個(gè)特殊的袋子 ，紅綠相間還有白邊，我非常想看到她笑一笑。A. pride 驕傲；B.movement 移動(dòng)；C.smile 微笑；D.gift 禮物。根據(jù)下文“She opened the package so slowly and carefully. I waited but she___7___. I had not cracked the wall of ____8__she had built around herself.(她打開(kāi)包裝，動(dòng)作又慢又小心。我等待著，但是她卻轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)了身。我還是沒(méi)能穿過(guò)她在自己周?chē)鷺?shù)起的高墻，這堵墻將她和大家隔離了起來(lái))”可知，作者希望能改變她，讓她融入大家，讓她開(kāi)心起來(lái)。故選C。
【27題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：我等待著，但是她卻轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)了身。A.turned away 轉(zhuǎn)身；B.tore down 拆毀；C. dropped out 輟學(xué)；D.gave out 分發(fā)，耗盡，根據(jù)下文“I had not cracked the wall of 　　8　　she had built around herself.”可知，作者沒(méi)能穿過(guò)她在自己周?chē)鷺?shù)起的高墻，沒(méi)有等到她的微笑，她反而轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)了身。故選A。
【28題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我還是沒(méi)能穿過(guò)她在自己周?chē)鷺?shù)起的高墻，這堵墻將她和大家隔離了起來(lái)。A. isolation 隔離；B.trust 信任；C.safety 安全；D.hatred 仇恨。根據(jù)空格后“she had built around herself”可知，這堵墻將她和大家隔離了起來(lái)。故選A。
【29題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：出乎意料地，她雙手拿著一個(gè)白色的盒子向我走來(lái)，盒子沒(méi)有包裝，稍微有些臟，好像是被孩子未洗過(guò)的小手摸過(guò)了好多遍。A. Frequently 頻繁地；B.Unexpectedly 出乎意料地；C.Apparently 明顯地；D.Consequently 因此。根據(jù)上文“After school the children left in little groups. (放學(xué)后，學(xué)生們?nèi)齼蓛傻碾x開(kāi)了) ”和“ I sat down to catch my breath.”可知，學(xué)生離開(kāi)了，作者坐下來(lái)喘口氣，因此推斷作者對(duì)于接下來(lái)的事情是沒(méi)有一點(diǎn)準(zhǔn)備的。故選B。
【30題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：出乎意料地，她雙手拿著一個(gè)白色的盒子向我走來(lái)，盒子沒(méi)有包裝，稍微有些臟，好像是被孩子未洗過(guò)的小手摸過(guò)了好多遍。A. bearing 攜帶；B.collecting 收集；C. opening 打開(kāi)；D.making 制造。根據(jù)前文“ she came to me with outstretched hands”可知，她帶來(lái)一個(gè)盒子。故選A。
【31題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：出乎意料地，她雙手拿著一個(gè)白色的盒子向我走來(lái)，盒子沒(méi)有包裝，稍微有些臟，好像是被孩子未洗過(guò)的小手摸過(guò)了好多遍。A.unwashed 沒(méi)有洗的；B.disabled 殘疾的；C.cold 冷的；D.clever 聰明的。根據(jù)上文“unwrapped and slightly soiled”可知，盒子有點(diǎn)臟，像是被孩子未洗過(guò)的小手摸過(guò)了好多遍。故選A。
【32題詳解】
考查介詞詞義辨析。句意：我很小心地打開(kāi)它。A.by accident 意外地；B.on purpose 故意地；C. with care 小心地；仔細(xì)地；D.by force 靠武力。根據(jù)上文““For me?” I asked with a weak smile. She said nothing, but nodded.(“給我的嗎？”我微笑著問(wèn)道。她什么都沒(méi)說(shuō)，但是點(diǎn)了點(diǎn)頭 )”可知，小女孩送禮物給作者，作者很小心地打開(kāi)。故選C。
【33題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她雙手拿起這條項(xiàng)鏈，向前探了探身，在我的脖子后把簡(jiǎn)易的項(xiàng)鏈鉤扣好。A. unlocked 開(kāi)鎖；B.secured 固定，系緊；C.removed 移除；D.rolled 滾動(dòng)。根據(jù)下文“I looked down at the gift, then back at the giver.(我低下頭看著這個(gè)禮物，然后抬起頭看向她)”可知，她把項(xiàng)鏈給我?guī)舷岛?。故選B。
【34題詳解】
考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我很認(rèn)真地輕聲說(shuō)道：“哦，瑪利亞，這鏈子真漂亮。你媽媽一定會(huì)很喜歡它”A.pretended 假裝；B.lied 撒謊；C. managed設(shè)法完成；D.meant 打算。根據(jù)上下文句意可知，作者很認(rèn)真對(duì)待這件事情。I mean it“我是認(rèn)真的”。故選D。
【35題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在那短暫的一刻我成了她媽媽，而她送給我一份最珍貴的禮物：她自己（對(duì)我的信任和愛(ài)）。A. a golden chain 一條金鏈子；B.joy 開(kāi)心；C. patience 耐心；D.herself 她自己。根據(jù)上文“In a flash I knew — she had made it for her mother who died just three weeks before and would never again hear her childish joys or sorrows.(在那一瞬間我明白了——那是她為她媽媽做的，她媽媽三周前過(guò)世了，再也不能聽(tīng)到她孩子般的歡樂(lè)與悲傷了)”并結(jié)合上文可知，小女孩把送給剛剛?cè)ナ赖膵寢尩亩Y物給了作者，對(duì)于小女孩來(lái)說(shuō)這是一件非常不同尋常的禮物，代表了對(duì)作者的信任和愛(ài)，等同于把她自己（對(duì)我的信任和愛(ài)）給了作者，對(duì)作者敞開(kāi)了心扉，呼應(yīng)上文內(nèi)容。故選D。
第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）
閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
On a table at his home in Rosetta, a port city in _____36_____ (north) Egypt, self-taught artist Ibrahim Bilal displayed a variety of his signature mini sculptures _____37_____ (make) with pencil tips.
With about 80 works ____38____ (feature) landmarks and famous people in Egypt and beyond, _____39_____ 30-year-old artist said he _____40_____ (inspire) four years ago to thoroughly grasp the art form after watching videos of a Chinese artist carving pencil lead(鉛筆芯) into sculptures.
Fond of ancient Egyptian icons(圖標(biāo)), Bilal dedicated one of his earliest works to the world-famous Rosetta Stone, an ancient Egyptian relic _____41_____ (accidental) discovered in his city and has been kept in the British Museum.
Bilal uses a microscope for an enlarged view, a set of pen cutters or carving detail _____42_____ (knife), and quality pencils ____43____ are mostly made in Germany or China while working. Through his hands, landmarks across the globe, including the Leaning Tower of Pisa in Italy, appear on the pencil tips. The size of each sculpture is no more _____44_____ 6 mm unless it is a tower. And each takes an average of 10 hours ______45______ (finish).
【答案】36. northern
37. made 38. featuring
39. the 40. was inspired
41. accidentally
42. knives 43. which ## that
44. than 45. to finish
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要描述了自學(xué)成才的埃及藝術(shù)家Ibrahim Bilal使用鉛筆尖雕刻各種標(biāo)志性迷你雕塑。
【36題詳解】
考查形容詞。句意：自學(xué)成才的藝術(shù)家Ibrahim Bilal在他位于埃及北部的港口城市羅塞塔家中的一張桌子上，展示了他用鉛筆尖雕刻的各種標(biāo)志性迷你雕塑。Egypt是名詞，需要用形容詞修飾名詞作定語(yǔ)，構(gòu)成northern Egypt意為“埃及的北部”。故填northern。
【37題詳解】
考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：自學(xué)成才的藝術(shù)家Ibrahim Bilal在他位于埃及北部的港口城市羅塞塔家中的一張桌子上，展示了他用鉛筆尖雕刻的各種標(biāo)志性迷你雕塑。分析句子可知，displayed為句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，所以這里需要填非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞；又因前文signature mini sculptures和make之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以這里用過(guò)去分詞作后置定語(yǔ)。故填made。
【38題詳解】
考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：這位30歲的藝術(shù)家大約有80件作品，以埃及等地的地標(biāo)和名人為特色。他說(shuō)，四年前，他觀看了一位中國(guó)藝術(shù)家將鉛筆頭雕刻成雕塑的視頻，之后他受到啟發(fā)，徹底掌握了這種藝術(shù)形式。根據(jù)前文with可知，這里應(yīng)用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞；又因with+works+featuring，表示“具有……特征的作品”，這里是指作品自身帶的特點(diǎn)，所以用現(xiàn)在分詞。故填featuring。
【39題詳解】
考查冠詞。句意：這位30歲藝術(shù)家大約有80件作品，以埃及等地的地標(biāo)和名人為特色。他說(shuō)，四年前，他觀看了一位中國(guó)藝術(shù)家將鉛筆頭雕刻成雕塑的視頻，之后他受到啟發(fā)，徹底掌握了這種藝術(shù)形式。根據(jù)后文30-year-old artist可知，這里應(yīng)用定冠詞the來(lái)特指這位30歲的藝術(shù)家。故填the。
【40題詳解】
考查時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：這位30歲的藝術(shù)家大約有80件作品，以埃及等地的地標(biāo)和名人為特色。他說(shuō)，四年前，他觀看了一位中國(guó)藝術(shù)家將鉛筆頭雕刻成雕塑的視頻，之后他受到啟發(fā)，徹底掌握了這種藝術(shù)形式。根據(jù)后文句意可知，他是深受一位中國(guó)藝術(shù)家的啟發(fā)，所以he和inspire之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系；又因文章描述的是過(guò)去的一件事情，所以應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故填was inspired。
【41題詳解】
考查副詞。句意：Bilal喜歡古埃及的圖標(biāo)，舉世聞名的羅塞塔石碑是他最早致力于的作品之一，這是一件在他所在的城市偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)的古埃及文物，目前保存在大英博物館。根據(jù)后文discovered可知，這里應(yīng)用副詞來(lái)修飾動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)。故填accidentally。
【42題詳解】
考查名詞。句意：Bilal在工作時(shí)使用顯微鏡進(jìn)行放大，使用一套削筆刀或雕刻細(xì)節(jié)刀，以及質(zhì)量上乘的鉛筆，這些鉛筆大多是德國(guó)或中國(guó)制造的。knife為可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)，根據(jù)前文的pen cutters，所以這里應(yīng)填可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填knives。
【43題詳解】
考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：Bilal在工作時(shí)使用顯微鏡進(jìn)行放大，使用一套削筆刀或雕刻細(xì)節(jié)刀，以及質(zhì)量上乘的鉛筆，這些鉛筆大多是德國(guó)或中國(guó)制造的。分析句子可知，這是一個(gè)限制性定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞為pencils，指物，所以用關(guān)系代詞which或 that，在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)成分。故填which/that。
【44題詳解】
考查固定搭配。句意：除塔之外，每個(gè)雕塑的尺寸不超過(guò)6毫米。根據(jù)固定短語(yǔ)no more than意為“不超過(guò)”。故填than。
【45題詳解】
考查固定句型。句意：并且每一個(gè)雕塑平均需要10個(gè)小時(shí)才能完成。根據(jù)固定句型sth. takes sb. time to do意為“某事花費(fèi)某人多少時(shí)間去做”。故填to finish。
第四部分 寫(xiě)作（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）
第一節(jié)（滿分15分）
46. 假定你是李華，是學(xué)校國(guó)學(xué)社（Traditional Chinese Culture Club）社長(zhǎng)，想邀請(qǐng)外教Kris一起參觀中國(guó)剪紙（paper-cutting）藝術(shù)展。請(qǐng)給他寫(xiě)封郵件，內(nèi)容包括：
1. 展覽時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)；
2. 展覽內(nèi)容。
注意：
1. 寫(xiě)作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右：
2. 請(qǐng)按如下格式作答。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Kris,
I’m writing to invite you to go to the exhibition of Chinese paper-cutting, which offers you an opportunity to learn more about Chinese traditional culture.
As is known to all, paper-cutting has a long history and still occupies its place in the field of art. Some people who love it hold the exhibition on this Sunday, in Zhongshan Park. At first, there will be an introduction to the paper-cutting and some spectacular works at the show. I have seen some of these works online. They’re really fascinating masterpieces, which will absolutely not let you down.
I’m really looking forward to it. If you want to go with me, please let me know soon so that I can book the tickets in advance.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本篇書(shū)面表達(dá)屬于應(yīng)用文，要求考生邀請(qǐng)外教Kris一起參觀中國(guó)剪紙藝術(shù)展。
【詳解】1.詞匯積累
給予：offer→give
展出：exhibition→display/show
令人驚嘆的：spectacular→amazing/breathtaking
首先：at first→first of all
2.句式拓展
簡(jiǎn)單句變復(fù)合句
原句： At first, there will be an introduction to the paper-cutting and some spectacular works at the show.
拓展句： At first, what I’d like to tell you is that there will be an introduction to the paper-cutting and some spectacular works at the show.
【點(diǎn)睛】[高分句型1] I’m writing to invite you to go to the exhibition of Chinese paper-cutting, which offers you an opportunity to learn more about Chinese traditional culture. (運(yùn)用了which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句)
[高分句型2] Some people who love it hold the exhibition on this Sunday, in Zhongshan Park. (運(yùn)用了who引導(dǎo)的限制性定語(yǔ)從句)
第二節(jié)（滿分25分）
47. 閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫(xiě)兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。
Grandfather was a wise and honorable man. His house was not far from ours, and I would visit him often going home after school.
No matter how rotten I had been, I could tell Grandpa anything. My secrets were safe. Whenever there was a problem, he gave me the tools to fix it. I knew I would always find the best answer from him. He always understood. He loved me.
I remember a time when a bunch of us were playing baseball in the field behind Mrs. Ferguson’s house. I hit one pitch just right and slam! It was a home run that soared high and away, and ended up breaking Old Lady Ferguson’s kitchen window! We all ran! Walking home, my best friend, Tom, asked, “How will she ever know who did it? She’s blinder than a bat!” He had a point.
I was afraid that Mrs. Ferguson would stay mad at me, so I ran. I didn’t know what she would do. I tried to calm down. However, my stomach was in knots. On the way home. I imagined that she was a mean witch (女巫) chasing me, and the further way I ran, the larger she grew... until finally she towered over the whole town, seeing my every move with an evil eye. Thoughts rushed through my mind. Would Mrs. Ferguson stay mad at me? Would she call police? Worse still, would she tell my parents I couldn’t even imagine the disappointment on Mom and Dad’s face. They were hoping I would act honestly and in a responsible way
I decided to stop by Grandpa’s. I felt ashamed. I wanted to hide. I wanted to knock my head against a tree a thousand times and make the world just go away —as if punishing myself could undo things.
“I would tell everything to Grandpa,” a voice inside me said.
“I was wrong.” I told him, with my head down. He must have known something was up by the expression on my face. He knew we had been warned many times about the dangers of playing where we shouldn’t.
注意：
1.續(xù)寫(xiě)詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右
2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答
Para 1: But he just listened while I continued talking.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Para 2: Grandpa smiled when he knew I had figured it out.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】But he just listened while I continued talking. “I was wrong. I hate myself for what I did”, I told him, with my head down. I didn’t know what to do to make things right. I had been afraid that Mrs. Ferguson would stay mad at me. Finally my grandpa said, “What would you do if you were her?” After a while, I replied, “One solution is to tell her that I am sorry and offer to fix her window.”
Grandpa smiled when he knew I had figured it out. “Doing what is right is not always easy,” he said, handing me the phone, “I am proud of you.” He did not make me do it. It was always my choice. As it turned out, Mrs. Ferguson was very kind and we even became really close friends. “Admitting what you are not proud of is the hardest thing,” said Grandpa. “Choosing to be honest makes others trust and respect you.”
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了作者在打碎了Mrs. Ferguson的廚房玻璃后，心理掙扎著要不要向她道歉，隨后向自己的祖父需求幫助，祖父給了作者非常誠(chéng)懇和耐心的指引和建議。
【詳解】1.段落續(xù)寫(xiě)：
（1）由第一段首句內(nèi)容“但是，在我繼續(xù)描述著事情的時(shí)候，他只是在聽(tīng)著”可知，該段落可以描寫(xiě)作者在做錯(cuò)事之后的內(nèi)心掙扎和祖父引導(dǎo)作者做正確的事。
（2）由第二段首句內(nèi)容“爺爺知道我已經(jīng)明白了，他笑了。”可知，該段落可以描寫(xiě)在祖父的引導(dǎo)下，作者決定做正確的事。
2.續(xù)寫(xiě)線索：向祖父訴說(shuō)—內(nèi)心掙扎—祖父的引導(dǎo)—作者決定做正確的事—向Mrs. Ferguson道歉
3.詞匯激活
行為類(lèi)：
繼續(xù)，保持：continue/keep/maintain
修理：fix/repair
承認(rèn)：admit/acknowledge
信任：trust/believe in
情緒類(lèi)：
害怕的：afraid/worried/scared
生氣的：mad/angry
友善的：kind/friendly
【點(diǎn)睛】[高分句型1] I had been afraid that Mrs. Ferguson would stay mad at me.（that引起的賓語(yǔ)從句）
[高分句型2] “Admitting what you are not proud of is the hardest thing,” said Grandpa. “Choosing to be honest makes others trust and respect you.”（what引起的賓語(yǔ)從句）

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湖南省長(zhǎng)沙市雅禮中學(xué)2022-2023學(xué)年高一英語(yǔ)上學(xué)期第一次月考試卷（Word版附答案）
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湖南省長(zhǎng)沙市雅禮中學(xué)2022-2023學(xué)年高三英語(yǔ)上學(xué)期月考（二）試卷（Word版附解析）
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