本試卷共14頁，共120分?？荚嚂r長100分鐘。
考生務(wù)必將答案答在答題卡上，在試卷上作答無效。
考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。學(xué)&科網(wǎng)
第一部分：知識運用（共兩節(jié)，45分）
第一節(jié) 單項填空（共15小題；每小題1分，共15分）
從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。
例： It’s s nice t hear frm her again. _________, we last met mre than thirty years ag.
A. What’s mreB. That’s t say
C. In ther wrdsD. Believe it r nt
答案是D。
1. —Hi, I’m Peter. Are yu new here? I haven’t seen yu arund.
—Hell, Peter. I’m Bb. I just _________ n Mnday.
A. startB. have startedC. startedD. had started
2. _________ we dn’t stp climate change, many animals and plants in the wrld will be gne.
A. AlthughB. WhileC. IfD. Until
3. _________ alng the ld Silk Rad is an interesting and rewarding experience.
A. TravelB. TravelingC. Having traveledD. Traveled
4. Susan had quit her well-paid jb and _________ as a vlunteer in the neighbrhd when I visited her last year.
A. is wrkingB. was wrkingC. has wrkedD. had wrked
5. She and her family bicycle t wrk, _________ helps them keep fit.
A. whichB. whC. asD. that
6. During the Mid-Autumn Festival, family members ften gather tgether _________ a meal, admire the mn and enjy mn cakes.
A. shareB. t shareC. having sharedD. shared
7. China’s high-speed railways _________ frm 9,000 t 25,000 kilmeters in the past few years.
A. are grwingB. have grwnC. will grwD. had grwn
8. In any unsafe situatin, simply _________ the buttn and a highly-trained agent will get yu the help yu need.
A. pressB. t pressC. pressingD. pressed
9. A rescue wrker risked his life saving tw turists wh _________ in the muntains fr tw days.
A. are trappingB. have been trappedC. were trappingD. had been trapped
10. Ordinary sap, _________ crrectly, can deal with bacteria effectively.
A. usedB. t useC. usingD. use
11. Withut his supprt, we wuldn’t be _________ we are nw.
A. hwB. whenC. whereD. why
12. In tday’s infrmatin age, the lss f data _________ cause serius prblems fr a cmpany.
A. needB. shuldC. canD. must
13. They might have fund a better htel if they _________ a few mre kilmeters.
A. drveB. wuld driveC. were t driveD. had driven
14. —Gd mrning, Mr. Lee’s ffice.
—Gd mrning. I’d like t make an appintment _________ next Wednesday afternn.
A. frB. nC. inD. at
15. This is _________ my father has taught me—t always face difficulties and hpe fr the best.
A. hwB. whichC. thatD. what
第二節(jié) 完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，共30分）
閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。
The Hmeless Her
Fr many, finding an unattended wallet filled with ￡400 in cash wuld be a surce（來源）f temptatin（誘惑）. But the 16 wuld n dubt be greater if yu were living n the streets with little fd and mney. All f this makes the actins f the hmeless Tm Smith 17 mre remarkable.
After sptting a 18 n the frnt seat inside a parked car with its windw dwn, he std guard in the rain fr abut tw hurs waiting fr the 19 t return.
After hurs in the cld and wet, he 20 inside and pulled the wallet ut hping t find sme ID s he culd cntact（聯(lián)系）the driver, nly t 21 it cntained ￡400 in ntes, with anther ￡50 in spare change beside it.
He then tk the wallet t a nearby plice statin after 22 a nte behind t let the wner knw it was safe. When the car’s wner Jhn Andersn and his clleague Carl Lawrence returned t the car—which was itself wrth ￡35, 000—in Glasgw city centre, they were 23 t find tw plicemen standing next t it. The plicemen tld them what Mr. Smith did and that the wallet was 24 .
The pair were later able t thank Mr. Smith fr his 25 .
Mr. Andersn said: ＂I culdn’t believe that the guy never tk a penny. T think he is sleeping n the streets tnight 26 he culd have stlen the mney and paid fr a place t stay in. This guy has nthing and 27 he didn’t take the wallet fr himself；he thught abut thers 28 . It’s unbelievable. It just prves there are 29 guys ut there.＂
Mr. Smith’s act 30 much f the public’s attentin. He als wn praise frm scial media users after Mr. Andersn 31 abut the act f kindness n Facebk.zxxk
Nw Mr. Andersn has set up an nline campaign t 32 mney fr Mr. Smith and ther hmeless peple in the area, which by yesterday had received ￡8,000. ＂I think the faith that everyne has shwn 33 him has tuched him. Peple have been appraching him in the street; he’s had jb 34 and all srts,＂ Mr. Andersn cmmented.
Fr Mr. Smith, this is a pssible life-changing 35 . The stry nce again tells us that ne gd turn deserves anther.
16. A. hpeB. aimC. urgeD. effrt
17. A. stillB. evenC. everD. nce
18. A. walletB. bagC. bxD. parcel
19. A. partnerB. clleagueC. wnerD. pliceman
20. A. turnedB. hidC. steppedD. reached
21. A. discverB. cllectC. checkD. believe
22. A. takingB. leavingC. readingD. writing
23. A. satisfiedB. excitedC. amusedD. shcked
24. A. safeB. missingC. fundD. seen
25. A. serviceB. supprtC. kindnessD. encuragement
26. A. whenB. ifC. whereD. because
27. A. ratherB. yetC. alreadyD. just
28. A. tB. thughC. againD. instead
29. A. hnestB. pliteC. richD. generus
30. A. gaveB. paidC. castD. drew
31. A. learnedB. pstedC. caredD. heard
32. A. brrwB. raiseC. saveD. earn
33. A. f B. at C. frD. in
34. A. detailsB. changesC. ffersD. applicatins
35. A. lessnB. adventureC. chanceD. challenge
第二部分：閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，40分)
第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，共30分）
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。
A
My First Marathn（馬拉松）
A mnth befre my first marathn, ne f my ankles was injured and this meant nt running fr tw weeks, leaving me nly tw weeks t train. Yet, I was determined t g ahead.
I remember back t my 7th year in schl. In my first P.E. class, the teacher required us t run laps and then hit a sftball. I didn’t d either well. He later infrmed me that I was ＂nt athletic＂.
The idea that I was ＂nt athletic＂ stuck with me fr years. When I started running in my 30s, I realized running was a battle against myself, nt abut cmpetitin r whether r nt I was athletic. It was all abut the battle against my wn bdy and mind. A test f wills!
The night befre my marathn, I dreamt that I culdn’t even find the finish line. I wke up sweating and nervus, but ready t prve smething t myself.
Shrtly after crssing the start line, my she laces(鞋帶) became untied. S I stpped t readjust. Nt the start I wanted!
At mile 3, I passed a sign: ＂GO FOR IT, RUNNERS!＂
By mile 17, I became ut f breath and the nce injured ankle hurt badly. Despite the pain, I stayed the curse walking a bit and then running again.
By mile 21, I was starving!
As I apprached mile 23, I culd see my wife waving a sign. She is my biggest fan. She never minded the alarm clck sunding at 4 a.m. r questined my expenses n running.
I was ne f the final runners t finish. But I finished! And I gt a medal. In fact, I gt the same medal as the ne that the guy wh came in first place had. zxxk
Determined t be myself, mve frward, free f shame and wrldly labels(世俗標(biāo)簽), I can nw call myself a ＂marathn winner＂.
36. A mnth befre the marathn, the authr ____________.
A. was well trainedB. felt scared
C. made up his mind t runD. lst hpe
37. Why did the authr mentin the P.E. class in his 7th year?
A. T acknwledge the supprt f his teacher.
B. T amuse the readers with a funny stry.
C. T shw he was nt talented in sprts.
D. T share a precius memry.
38. Hw was the authr’s first marathn?
A. He made it.B. He quit halfway.
C. He gt the first prize.D. He walked t the end.
39. What des the stry mainly tell us?
A. A man wes his success t his family supprt.
B. A winner is ne with a great effrt f will.
C. Failure is the mther f success.
D. One is never t ld t learn.
B
Find Yur Adventure at the Space and Aviatin(航空) Center
If yu’re lking fr a unique adventure, the Space and Aviatin Center (SAC) is the place t be. The Center ffers prgrams designed t challenge and inspire with hands-n tasks and lts f fun.
Mre than 750,000 have graduated frm SAC, with many seeking emplyment in engineering, aviatin, educatin, medicine and a wide variety f ther prfessins. They cme t camp, wanting t knw what it is like t be an astrnaut r a pilt, and they leave with real-wrld applicatins fr what they’re studying in the classrm.
Fr the trainees, the prgrams als ffer a great way t earn merit badges(榮譽徽章). At Space Camp, trainees can earn their Space Explratin badge as they build and fire mdel rckets, learn abut space tasks and try simulated(模擬) flying t space with the crew frm all ver the wrld. The Aviatin Challenge prgram gives trainees the chance t earn their Aviatin badge. They learn the principles f flight and test their perating skills in the cckpit(駕駛艙) f a variety f flight simulatrs. Trainees als get a gd start n their Wilderness Survival badge as they learn abut water- and land-survival thrugh designed tasks and their search and rescue f ＂dwned＂ pilt.
With all the prgrams, teamwrk is key as trainees learn the imprtance f leadership and being part f a bigger task.
All this fun is available fr ages 9 t 18. Families can enjy the experience tgether, t, with Family Camp prgrams fr families with children as yung as 7.
Stay an hur r stay a week — there is smething here fr everyne!
Fr mre details, please visit us nline at
40. Why d peple cme t SAC?
A. T experience adventures.
B. T lk fr jbs in aviatin.
C. T get a degree in engineering.
D. T learn mre abut medicine.
41. T earn a Space Explratin badge, a trainee needs t .
A. fly t space
B. get an Aviatin badge first
C. study the principles f flight
D. build and fire mdel rckets
42. What is the mst imprtant fr trainees?
A. Leadership.B. Team spirit.
C. Task planning.D. Survival skills.
C
Plastic-Eating Wrms
Humans prduce mre than 300 millin tns f plastic every year. Almst half f that winds up in landfills(垃圾填埋場), and up t 12 millin tns pllute the ceans. S far there is n effective way t get rid f it, but a new study suggests an answer may lie in the stmachs f sme hungry wrms.
Researchers in Spain and England recently fund that the wrms f the greater wax mth can break dwn plyethylene, which accunts fr 40% f plastics. The team left 100 wax wrms n a cmmercial plyethylene shpping bag fr 12 hurs, and the wrms cnsumed and brke dwn abut 92 milligrams, r almst 3% f it. T cnfirm that the wrms’ chewing alne was nt respnsible fr the plyethylene breakdwn, the researchers made sme wrms int paste(糊狀物) and applied it t plastic films. 14 hurs later the films had lst 13% f their mass — apparently brken dwn by enzymes (酶) frm the wrms’ stmachs. Their findings were published in Current Bilgy in 2017.
Federica Bertcchini, c-authr f the study, says the wrms’ ability t break dwn their everyday fd — beeswax — als allws them t break dwn plastic. ＂Wax is a cmplex mixture, but the basic bnd in plyethylene, the carbn-carbn bnd, is there as well, ＂she explains, ＂The wax wrm evlved a methd r system t break this bnd. ＂
Jennifer DeBruyn, a micrbilgist at the University f Tennessee, wh was nt invlved in the study, says it is nt surprising that such wrms can break dwn plyethylene. But cmpared with previus studies, she finds the speed f breaking dwn in this ne exciting. The next step, DeBruyn says, will be t identify the cause f the breakdwn. Is it an enzyme prduced by the wrm itself r by its gut micrbes(腸道微生物)?
Bertcchini agrees and hpes her team’s findings might ne day help emply the enzyme t break dwn plastics in landfills. But she expects using the chemical in sme kind f industrial prcess — nt simply ＂millins f wrms thrwn n tp f the plastic.＂
43. What can we learn abut the wrms in the study?
A. They take plastics as their everyday fd.
B. They are newly evlved creatures.
C. They can cnsume plastics.
D. They wind up in landfills.
44. Accrding t Jennifer DeBruyn, the next step f the study is t .
A. identify ther means f the breakdwn
B. find ut the surce f the enzyme
C. cnfirm the research findings
D. increase the breakdwn speed
45. It can be inferred frm the last paragraph that the chemical might .
A. help t raise wrms
B. help make plastic bags
C. be used t clean the ceans
D. be prduced in factries in future
46. What is the main purpse f the passage?
A. T explain a study methd n wrms.
B. T intrduce the diet f a special wrm.
C. T present a way t break dwn plastics.
D. T prpse new means t keep ec-balance.
D
Preparing Cities fr Rbt Cars
The pssibility f self-driving rbt cars has ften seemed like a futurist’s dream, years away frm materializing in the real wrld. Well, the future is apparently nw. The Califrnia Department f Mtr Vehicles began giving permits in April fr cmpanies t test truly self-driving cars n public rads. The state als cleared the way fr cmpanies t sell r rent ut self-driving cars, and fr cmpanies t perate driverless taxi services. Califrnia, it shuld be nted, isn’t leading the way here. Cmpanies have been testing their vehicles in cities acrss the cuntry. It’s hard t predict when driverless cars will be everywhere n ur rads. But hwever lng it takes, the technlgy has the ptential t change ur transprtatin systems and ur cities, fr better r fr wrse, depending n hw the transfrmatin is regulated.
While much f the debate s far has been fcused n the safety f driverless cars(and rightfully s), plicymakers als shuld be talking abut hw self-driving vehicles can help reduce traffic jams, cut emissins(排放) and ffer mre cnvenient, affrdable mbility ptins. The arrival f driverless vehicles is a chance t make sure that thse vehicles are envirnmentally friendly and mre shared.
D we want t cpy — r even wrsen — the traffic f tday with driverless cars? Imagine a future where mst adults wn individual self-driving vehicles. They tlerate lng, slw jurneys t and frm wrk n packed highways because they can wrk, entertain themselves r sleep n the ride, which encurages urban spread. They take their driverless car t an appintment and set the empty vehicle t circle the building t avid paying fr parking. Instead f walking a few blcks t pick up a child r the dry cleaning, they send the self-driving minibus. The cnvenience even leads fewer peple t take public transprt — an unwelcme side effect researchers have already fund in ride-hailing(叫車) services.
A study frm the University f Califrnia at Davis suggested that replacing petrl-pwered private cars wrldwide with electric, self-driving and shared systems culd reduce carbn emissins frm transprtatin 80% and cut the cst f transprtatin infrastructure(基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施) and peratins 40% by 2050. Fewer emissins and cheaper travel sund pretty appealing. The first cmmercially available driverless cars will almst certainly be fielded by ride-hailing services, cnsidering the cst f self-driving technlgy as well as liability and maintenance issues(責(zé)任與維護問題). But driverless car wnership culd increase as the prices drp and mre peple becme cmfrtable with the technlgy.
Plicymakers shuld start thinking nw abut hw t make sure the appearance f driverless vehicles desn’t extend the wrst aspects f the car-cntrlled transprtatin system we have tday. The cming technlgical advancement presents a chance fr cities and states t develp transprtatin systems designed t mve mre peple, and mre affrdably. The car f the future is cming. We just have t plan fr it.
47. Accrding t the authr, attentin shuld be paid t hw driverless cars can __________.
A. help deal with transprtatin-related prblems
B. prvide better services t custmers
C. cause damage t ur envirnment
D. make sme peple lse jbs
48. As fr driverless cars, what is the authr’s majr cncern?
A. Safety.B. Side effects.
C. Affrdability.D. Management.
49. What des the underlined wrd ＂fielded＂ in Paragraph 4 prbably mean?
A. Emplyed.B. Replaced.
C. Shared.D. Reduced.
50. What is the authr’s attitude t the future f self-driving cars?
A. Dubtful.B. Psitive.
C. Disapprving.D. Sympathetic.
第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，共10分）
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。
Why D We Get Angry?
Anger seems simple when we are feeling it, but the causes f anger are varius. Knwing these causes can make us examine ur behavir, and crrect bad habits. The main reasns we get angry are triggering（觸發(fā)）events, persnality traits（特征）, and ur assessment f situatins. 51
Triggering events fr anger are s many that t describe them all wuld take hundreds f pages. Hwever, here are sme examples: being cut ff in traffic, a deadline appraching, experiencing physical pain, and much mre. ____52____ The reasn why smene is triggered by smething and thers are nt is ften due t ne’s persnal histry and psychlgical traits. zxxk
Each persn, n matter wh they are, has psychlgical imbalances. Peple wh have persnality traits that cnnect with cmpetitiveness and lw upset tlerance are much mre likely t get angry. 53 Als, smetimes pre-anger des nt have t d with a lasting cnditin, but rather a temprary state befre a triggering event has ccurred.
54 Smetimes even rutine ccurrences becme surces f pre-anger, r anger itself. Smetimes ignrance and negative (消極的) utlks n situatins can create anger.
55 Hwever, anger can easily turn vilent, and it is best t knw the reasns fr anger t appear in rder t prevent its presence. With these main reasns in mind, we can evaluate ur level f anger thrughut the day and prevent cases f utbursts by cmprehending the reasns fr ur feelings.
A. Our attitude and viewpint n situatins can create anger within us as well.
B. But sme types f situatins can help us t get rid f the ccurrence f anger.
C. Anger is rarely lked upn as a beneficial character trait, and is usually advised t reduce it.
D. Anger is a particularly strng feeling and maybe peple think that they have reasns t feel angry.
E. Having these persnality traits implies the pre-anger state, where anger is in the backgrund f yur mind.
F. Understanding these reasns will cntrl ur wn anger if we are willing t evaluate urselves with a critical eye.
G. Nt everyne acts the same in respnse t events, and that is why what triggers ne persn may r may nt trigger anther.zxxk
第三部分：書面表達(共兩節(jié)，35分)
第一節(jié) (15分)
假設(shè)你是紅星中學(xué)高三學(xué)生李華，你的英國朋友Jim在給你的郵件中提到他對中國文化感興趣，計劃明年來北京上大學(xué)。他向你咨詢相關(guān)信息。請給他回郵件，內(nèi)容包括：
1. 表示歡迎；
2. 推薦他上哪所大學(xué)；
3. 建議他做哪些準(zhǔn)備工作。
注意：1. 詞數(shù)不少于50；
2. 開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。
Dear Jim,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
(請務(wù)必將作文寫在答題卡指定區(qū)域內(nèi))
第二節(jié) (20分)
假設(shè)你是紅星中學(xué)高三學(xué)生李華，請根據(jù)以下四幅圖的先后順序，寫一篇英文周記，記述你們上周接待外國學(xué)生，帶領(lǐng)他們體驗中國茶文化的全過程。
注意：詞數(shù)不少于60。
(請務(wù)必將作文寫在答題卡指定區(qū)域內(nèi))
2018年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試（北京卷）
英 語參考答案
第一部分：知識運用（共兩節(jié)，45分）
第一節(jié) 單項填空（共15小題；每小題1分，共15分）
1. C2. C3. B4. B5. A6. B7. B8. A9. D10. A
11. C12. C13. D14. A15. D
第二節(jié) 完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，共39分）
16. C17. B18. A19. C20. D21. A22. B23. D24. A25. C
26. A27. B28. D29. A30. D31. B32. B33. D34. C35. C
第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，40分）
36. C37. C38. A39. B40. A41. D42. B43. C44. B45. D
46. C47. A48. D49. A50. B51. F52. G53. E54. A55. D
第三部分：書面表達（共兩節(jié)，35分）
第一節(jié) （15分）
Dear Jim,
I’m s glad t hear yur future educatin plan in Beijing in yur last letter. First I wuld like t express my warmest welcme t yu and I am sure yu will have the mst unfrgettable experience during yur cllege in Beijing.
Learning yur keen interest in Chinese culture, I suggest yu apply fr Peking University, ne f the best universities in China. Its Chinese Literature majr is perfect fr yu where yu can be cmpletely saked in Chinese prfund histry and rich culture. As fr preparatin, sme reading in advance in needed like The Stry f the Stne while sme nline curses f spken Chinese can be helpful fr yu t adapt int the Chinese language envirnment.
I sincerely hpe yur dream will cme true and it’s my pleasure t shw yu arund in Beijing when that day cmes. If yu have further questins, please feel free t let me knw.
Yurs,
Li Hua
第二節(jié) （20分）
Last week, we tk the freign students in ur schl t experience the authentic tea culture, which turned ut be t extremely rewarding.zxxk
On arriving at the tea huse, the freign students were impressed by the unique tea pts and tea cups. I gave them a vivid and infrmative intrductin f tea culture, including its prfund histry, its rich variety, and the exquisite craftsmanship f making tea with their interest greatly sparked, I then began t teach them hw t make tea.
In rder t deliver a clear presentatin, I slwly explained the traditinal prcedure f making tea in detail. Absrbed in every mve f mine, the freign students were nce again amazed by this unique culture and they culdn’t help taking pictures frm time t time.
Next came the mment when I asked them t have a try themselves. Washing the tea pts, adding tea leaves, and puring water int the cups, they fllwed my instructins and were really immersed in charming tea culture. The tea huse witnessed a really enjyable time fr all f us.
At the end f the activity, hlding the tea bags in ur hands, we tk a picture t memrize the unfrgettable day. It suddenly hit me that traditinal culture like tea culture was f great charm and huge value. And I swelled with pride t spread ur wn culture t peple all ver the wrld.

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