十年（2010~2020）高考英語(yǔ)真題分項(xiàng)詳解14英語(yǔ)句法﹒特殊句式1.(2010﹒全國(guó)卷I)I have seldom seen my mother ___ pleased with my progress as she is now .A. so     B. very    C. too     D. rather【答案】A 【解析】此題考查so…as….的固定結(jié)構(gòu)。句意：我很少看到媽媽像現(xiàn)在一樣為我的進(jìn)步如此開心。此題考查so…as….的固定結(jié)構(gòu), 題干中的關(guān)鍵詞是as, 譯為 “像…..一樣, 正如…..一樣”。因此選擇A。2.(2010﹒安徽)It was from only a few supplies that she had bought in the village _______ the hostess cooked such a nice dinner. A. where      B. that     C. when      D. which【答案】B【解析】本題考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。迷惑點(diǎn)在于強(qiáng)調(diào)部分中含有一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句that she had bought in the village。3.(2010﹒湖南)John’s success has nothing to do with good luck. It is years of hard work        has made him what he is today.A. why             B. when            C. which           D. that 【答案】D【【解析】考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。題干為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型, 被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分為years of hard work, 故選D項(xiàng)。4.(2010﹒江蘇)—I have tried very hard to find a solution to the problem, but in vain. w_  —why not consult with Frank? You see, _________.A. great minds think alike B. two heads are better than oneC. a bird in the hand is worth two in the bushD. it’s better to think twice before doing something【答案】B【解析】考查諺語(yǔ)。表示三個(gè)臭皮匠湊成諸葛亮./ A  英雄所見略同./C 一鳥在手勝于二鳥在林./ D.三思而后行.5.(2010﹒江蘇)—Is everyone here?  —Not yet……Look , there_______ the rest of our guests!A. come     B. comes     C. is coming     D. are coming【答案】A【解析】考查倒裝句及主謂一致。在there be句型中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞根據(jù)后面的主語(yǔ)而定。6.(2010﹒四川)If you have a job,          yourself to it and finally you’ll succeed. A. do devote        B. don’t devote   C. devoting         D. not devoting【答案】A【解析】考查謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的強(qiáng)調(diào)及 “祈使句+and+將來(lái)時(shí)句子”的固定搭配。此處應(yīng)是祈使句, 又有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的強(qiáng)調(diào)要借助助動(dòng)詞do, 故選A。句意為：“如果你有了一份工作, 付出努力去做它, 最后你定能成功。”7.(2010﹒四川)We laugh at jokes, but seldom          about how they work.  A. we think       B. think we      C. we do think        D. do we think    【答案】D【考點(diǎn)】考查倒裝。seldom為否定副詞放句首, 用部分倒裝, 故選D。句意為 “我們因笑話而笑, 但很少去思考笑話怎樣讓我們笑。”8.(2010﹒陜西)John opened the door . There _____ he had never seen before.       A. a girl did stand     B. a girl stood   C. did a girl stand   D. stood a girl【答案】D【解析】考查特殊句式。Here, There, Thus, Then等副詞位于句首, 且當(dāng)句子的主語(yǔ)是名詞時(shí), 句子用全部倒裝句, 選D。9.(2010﹒浙江)The experiment shows that proper amounts of exercise, if         regularly, can improve our health.  A. being carried out  B. carrying out   C. carried out   D. to carry out【答案】C【解析】本題考查if條件句中的省略情況。本句的句子的主語(yǔ)是the experiment；謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是shows；that引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句, 賓語(yǔ)從句的主干事：proper amounts of exercise can improve our health, if_____ regularly是插入的條件從句, 從句的主語(yǔ)是proper amounts of exercise, 此時(shí)應(yīng)用it代替前面提到的主語(yǔ), 條件句的主語(yǔ)與主句的主語(yǔ)一致, 并且含有is, 故省略了it is, 完整形式是：if it is carried out。句意為：這項(xiàng)實(shí)驗(yàn)表明, 適當(dāng)?shù)倪\(yùn)動(dòng), 如果有規(guī)律的進(jìn)行, 能夠有助于我們的身體健康。10.(2010﹒江西)Not until he left his home ___ to know how important the family was for him.A did he begin         B had he begun      C he began             D he had begun【答案】A【解析】考查倒裝。not until放在句首要用部分倒裝, 翻譯為直到, 所以begin發(fā)生在left之后或同時(shí)發(fā)生11.(2010﹒重慶)At the meeting place of the Yangtze River and the Jialing River______, one of the ten largest cities in China.A. lies Chongqing  B. Chongqing lies  C. does lie Chongqing  D. does Chongqing lie    【答案】A【解析】考查倒裝。表示方位的地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)提前, 句子完全倒裝, 所以選A項(xiàng)。12.(2010﹒湖北)Only if people of all the countries are united ________（我們才能解決）the existing problems in the world. (solve)【答案】will we be able to solve/can we solve.【解析】考查倒裝。only位于句首修飾狀語(yǔ)從句要倒裝。根據(jù) “主將從現(xiàn)”的原則可以確認(rèn)主句的助動(dòng)詞是“will”, 或者使用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞“can”。 13.(2011﹒全國(guó)卷I)Try____ she might, Sue couldn’t get the door open.A. if            B. when        C. sine          D. as【答案】D【解析】本題考察倒裝。As引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，應(yīng)將狀語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)甚至謂語(yǔ)提前構(gòu)成形式上的倒裝。題目前半句說(shuō)，她試過(guò)；后半句說(shuō)Sue不能打開門，明顯前后兩句意思相反。As表示雖然，盡管。14.(2011﹒全國(guó)卷I)Only when he reached the tea-house ______it was the same place he’d been in last year.   A. he realized         B. he did realize     C. realized he          D. did he realize【答案】D【解析】本題考察倒裝句。Only引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句位于句首，應(yīng)把主句中動(dòng)詞的助動(dòng)詞提前構(gòu)成部分倒裝。15.(2011﹒福建)—It’s nice. Never before____ such a special drink!—I’m glad you like it. A.I have had     B. I had    C. have I had   D. had I【答案】C【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)及倒裝。never是否定副詞，置于句首，句子要部分倒裝；由語(yǔ)意可知說(shuō)話人以前從未喝過(guò)這樣特別的飲料，應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，故選C項(xiàng)。16.(2011﹒湖南)Only after they had discussed the matter for a few hours _______a decision  A. they reached        B. did they reach       C. they reach        D. do they reach【答案】B【解析】本題考察only前置的倒裝句。Only引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句前置，主句主謂要部分倒裝。又因?yàn)閺那拔闹械?/span>"had discussed"判斷出是過(guò)去時(shí)間，故選B；句意：只有在他們討論這個(gè)問(wèn)題好幾個(gè)小時(shí)之后他們才作出決定。17.(2011﹒四川)Was it on a lonely island ______ he was saved one month after the boat went down?A. where    B. that     C. which      D. what【答案】B【解析】考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句。此處強(qiáng)調(diào)的是句子的地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)on a lonely island，是強(qiáng)調(diào)句的一般疑問(wèn)句句型：Was it + 被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+ that +句子？句意：“他是不是在小船沉沒(méi)一個(gè)月后在一個(gè)孤島上被營(yíng)救的？”18.(2011﹒陜西)It is not how much we do but how much love we put into what we do____benefits our work most.                                                            A. who     B. which       C. that      D. what【答案】C【解析】考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句。強(qiáng)調(diào)句型:It is/was +被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that連接句子的其他部分。答案選擇C。19.(2011﹒重慶)I told them not everybody could run as fast as you did, ______ ?A. could he           B. didn’t I         C. didn’t you          D. could they【答案】B【解析】考查反義疑問(wèn)句。反義疑問(wèn)句的基本原則就是與主句主謂保持一致。陳述部分為肯定，故附加部分為否定，本句含有一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句且主句為“I told them……，所以選擇B。句意：我告訴他們并非每個(gè)人都可以跑得和你一樣快，不是嗎？20.(2011﹒重慶)—Have you seem the film Under the Hawthorn Tree?— Of course, I have. It was in our village _______ it was made.A.that                     B.where   C.when                    D.which【答案】A【解析】考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句。問(wèn)話人詢問(wèn)對(duì)方是否看過(guò)《山楂樹之戀》這部電影，答話人回答說(shuō)當(dāng)然看過(guò)，這部電影是在自己的村莊拍攝的。本句是強(qiáng)調(diào)句，被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分是地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)in our village。強(qiáng)調(diào)狀語(yǔ)in our village。21.(2011﹒湖南)It’s not what we do once in a while ______ shapes our lives, but what we do consistentlyA .which           B. that         C. how        D. when【答案】B【解析】本題考察強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。本題考察強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)。故選B。句子意思：決定我們生活的東西不是我們偶爾所做的事情而是那些我們自始至終所做的事情。22.(2011﹒全國(guó)卷II)Jane won’t join us for dinner tonight and        .    A. neither won’t Tom                B. Tom won’t either    C. Tom will too                     D. so will Tom【答案】B【解析】考查特殊句式。句意：簡(jiǎn)不會(huì)來(lái)參加我們今晚的宴會(huì)，湯姆也不會(huì)來(lái)。此處是否定句，故使用either，而too一般用于肯定句中。此處也可以用so倒裝的否定式，即neither/nor will Tom.注意A項(xiàng)中neither表否定意義，所以不能用won’t。23.(2011﹒江蘇)It sounds like something is wrong with the car’s engine._______ , we’d better take it to the garage immediately. A. Otherwise     B. If not            C. But for that      D. If so【答案】D【解析】考查省略和替代。句意：聽起來(lái)車的發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)好像有問(wèn)題，如果那樣的話，我們最好立刻把它弄到汽修廠去。前后兩句話之間是順承關(guān)系。Otherwise否則，要不然；if not要不，不然；but for that若不是因?yàn)槟羌拢?/span>if so若是這樣。24.(2011﹒遼寧)_____ a strange plant! I've never seen it before.                 A. Which        B. What      C. How       D. Whether【答案】B【解析】考查感嘆句。句意：多么奇怪的植物?。∥乙郧皬臎](méi)見過(guò)。此處為“What+a/an十adj.+n.+it is/was”的省略結(jié)構(gòu)，故B項(xiàng)正確。25.(2011﹒上海)It doesn’t matter if they want to come to your party, _______?A. doesn’t it  B. does it   C. don’t they   D. do they【答案】B【解析】考查反義疑問(wèn)句。反義疑問(wèn)句的基本原則就是與主句主謂保持一致。陳述部分為否定，故附加部分為肯定，句意：他們是否來(lái)參加你的派對(duì)，沒(méi)有關(guān)系，是嗎？26.(2012﹒江西)Never before      seen anybody who can play tennis as well as Robert.A.had she    B.she had    C.has she    D.she has【答案】C【解析】考查部分倒裝。句首有關(guān)鍵詞Never，否定詞提前到句首，句子部分倒裝。排除B,D。再根據(jù)句子時(shí)態(tài)，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，故選C。(2012﹒江西)He seems to be giving the impression that he didn’t enjoy himself in Paris.         , he had a wonderful time.A.Above all B.What’s more C.As a result D.On the contrary【答案】D【解析】句意為他似乎給人們留下一種在巴黎玩得不開心的印象______他玩得很開心。前后句有轉(zhuǎn)折之意，故選D恰恰相反。A首先，B此外，C結(jié)果是。28.(2012﹒浙江)Had they known what was coming next, they________  second thoughts.A. may have B. could have C. must have had   D. might have had【答案】D【解析】本句是一個(gè)倒裝句，可還原為：if they had known what was coming next, they might have had second thought。根據(jù)had known提示，可知是與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反，因此虛擬語(yǔ)氣主句中應(yīng)該用would/might +have done，由此可見答案D符合語(yǔ)境。29.(2012﹒江蘇)There is little doubt in your mind that he is innocent, _______________?A. is there B. isn't there C. is he D. isn't he【答案】A【解析】根據(jù)前面there be 句里含有否定意義的詞little，所以反意疑問(wèn)句用肯定形式，其主謂應(yīng)與陳述部分的主謂保持一致，故選A項(xiàng)。30.(2012﹒重慶)The headmaster will not permit the change in the course, nor______ it a thought.A. does he even given   B. he even gives     C. whether        D. he will even given【答案】C【解析】空白處前為否定詞“nor”位于句首，句子應(yīng)該使用部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，而且根據(jù)語(yǔ)境空白處應(yīng)使用一般將來(lái)時(shí)，C選項(xiàng)符合題意。因此，正確答案為C選項(xiàng)。31. (2012﹒重慶)It was 80 years before Christopher Columbus crossed the Atlantic______ Zheng sailed to East AfricaA. when            B. that             C. after           D. since【答案】B  【解析】句子雖然比較長(zhǎng)，但是其主干為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，是對(duì)“80 years before Christopher Columbus crossed the Atlantic”進(jìn)行了強(qiáng)調(diào)，由此可知，空白處應(yīng)該填寫“that”。因此，正確答案為B選項(xiàng)。 32.(2012﹒遼寧)Not until he retired from teaching three years ago       having a holiday abroad.A. he had considered          B. had he considered         C. he considered              D. did he consider【答案】D【解析】Not until位于句首時(shí)句子要倒裝，consider having a holiday abroad這個(gè)動(dòng)作發(fā)生在retire之后，所以用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。33. (2012﹒四川)At school, some students are active ______ some are shy, yet they can be good friends with one another.A. while          B. although        C. so               D. as【答案】A  【解析】本題考查并列連詞。題干句意為：在學(xué)校，一些學(xué)生很活躍而一些卻很害羞，然而他們都可能彼此成為好朋友。根據(jù)句意選while，表示兩個(gè)分句中兩種情況的對(duì)比。34.(2012﹒四川)This is not my story, nor ______ the whole story. My story plays out differently.A. is there          B. there is         C. is it             D. it is 【答案】C  【解析】本題考查倒裝句。nor位于句首引起部分倒裝，排除B、D；再根據(jù)句意“這并不是（關(guān)于）我的故事，它也不是故事的全部。我的故事的結(jié)局不同。”選代詞it。故答案選C。35.(2012﹒陜西)The basketball coach, as well as his team , ______interviewed shortly after the match for their outstanding performance.A. were   B. was   C. is   D. are【答案】B 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。主語(yǔ)中心詞是the basketball coach，是單數(shù)，根據(jù)shortly after the match可以推斷出題干時(shí)態(tài)是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，故選B。36.(2012﹒北京)______ at the door before you enter my room, please.A. Knock    B. Knocking    C. Knocked    D. To knock【答案】A【解析】祈使句考點(diǎn)，用動(dòng)詞原形。37.(2013﹒北京)The famous musician, as well as his students, ____ to perform at the opening ceremony of the 2012 Taipei Flower Expo.A. were invited B. was invited   C. have been invited D. has been invited【答案】B【解析】本題考查主謂一致。這個(gè)著名的音樂(lè)家和他的學(xué)生被邀請(qǐng)?jiān)?/span>2012年的臺(tái)北花展上演出。主語(yǔ)是The famous musician，盡管后面跟有介詞或介詞詞組作附屬修飾語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞仍用單數(shù)形式。排除A和C；2012 Taipei Flower Expo是一個(gè)過(guò)去的時(shí)間，動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生，和現(xiàn)在沒(méi)有關(guān)系，沒(méi)必要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，排除D。38.(2013﹒福建)Don’t turn off the computer before closing all programs ______ you could have problemsA. or B. and C. but D. so【答案】A【解析】本題考查并列句的連詞。在關(guān)閉所有程序之間不要關(guān)電腦，否則可能會(huì)出問(wèn)題?？疾榫涫剑浩硎咕?/span>+and/or+陳述句，根據(jù)句意，選A。39.(2013﹒福建) Not until he went through real hardship _____the love we have for our families is important.A. had he realized  B. did he realize    C. he realized   D. he had realized【答案】B【解析】本題考查倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。直到他經(jīng)歷了真正的艱難之后才意識(shí)到我們對(duì)家庭的愛是很重要的。含有否定意義的副詞、連詞或短語(yǔ)放在句首時(shí)，要用部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。由he went through real hardship可知?jiǎng)幼饕呀?jīng)發(fā)生，與現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作沒(méi)有關(guān)系，用一般過(guò)去式，所以B正確。D選項(xiàng)的意思是先認(rèn)識(shí)后經(jīng)歷，不符合本文所表達(dá)的意思。40.(2013﹒江蘇) Generally, students’ inner motivation with high expectations from others ______ essential to their development.A. is B. are C. was D. were【答案】A【解析】本題考查主謂一致用法。一般說(shuō)來(lái)，他人對(duì)其期望值高的學(xué)生的內(nèi)在動(dòng)機(jī)對(duì)自身的發(fā)展是至關(guān)重要的。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，主語(yǔ)為students’ inner motivation with high expectations from others，中心詞為inner motivation，顯然為第三人稱單數(shù)。再根據(jù)generally（一般說(shuō)來(lái)），可見講通常情況，所以用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。故選擇A。41.(2013﹒江蘇) Shortly after suffering from a massive earthquake and ______ to ruins, the city took on a new look.A. reducing B. reduced C. being reduced  D. having reduced【答案】C【解析】本題考查時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的省略用法。在遭受大地震，淪為廢墟之后不久，這座城市就呈現(xiàn)出新的面貌。Shortly after在……之后不久，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中，當(dāng)主語(yǔ)與主句主語(yǔ)一致時(shí)，為避免重復(fù)，從句可用省略句。根據(jù)短語(yǔ)reduce the city to ruins（使城市淪為廢墟），可見reduce與邏輯主語(yǔ)the city構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，排除A，D；而and連接兩個(gè)并列成分，suffering from a massive earthquake and ______ to ruins，根據(jù)suffering的形式，確定答案為being reduced。故選C。42.(2013﹒江西) Only when he apologizes for his rudeness ____to him again. A. I will speak.  B. will I speak.  C. do I speak.   D. I speak.【答案】B【解析】考查倒裝句。只有當(dāng)他為他的粗魯?shù)狼傅臅r(shí)候，我才會(huì)再跟他說(shuō)話。本題的第一個(gè)關(guān)鍵詞是only。當(dāng)only放在句首，修飾副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，主句用部分倒裝。第二個(gè)關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)是when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，有“主將從現(xiàn)”的用法，本題中從句用的是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，因此主句用一般將來(lái)時(shí)。43.(2013﹒江西) If _____ to look after luggage for someone else, inform the police at once.A. asked    B. to ask    C. asking    D. having asked【答案】A【解析】考查省略句。如果有人讓你替別人照看行李，請(qǐng)馬上通知警察。在if引導(dǎo)的從句中，如果從句的主要?jiǎng)釉~是be，常將主語(yǔ)和be省略。解題關(guān)鍵：觀察題目與選項(xiàng)。本題主句是祈使句，祈使句通常是動(dòng)詞原形開頭，省略主語(yǔ)you，再觀察選項(xiàng)，ask與you是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，因此從句的完整表達(dá)方式是if you are asked……。因此，鎖定答案A.與if用法一樣的還有when、though、as if等連詞。44.(2013﹒湖南) Every day ________ a proverb aloud several times until you have it memorized.A.read  B.reading  C.to read  D.reads【答案】A【解析】考查祈使句。每天朗讀幾遍諺語(yǔ)知道你記住為止。解題關(guān)鍵：區(qū)分謂語(yǔ)與非謂語(yǔ)。1.去掉until引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句，主句要有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，就可排除B、C兩個(gè)答案；2.主句缺主語(yǔ)，判斷出本句為祈使句，排除D。45.(2013﹒湖南) The university estimates that living expenses for international students ________ around $8，450 a year, which ________ a burden for some of them.A.are；is  B.are，are  C.is，are  D.is，is【答案】A【解析】考查主謂一致。這所大學(xué)估算國(guó)際學(xué)生的生活費(fèi)用大約一年8450美元，這對(duì)一些國(guó)際學(xué)生來(lái)說(shuō)是一種負(fù)擔(dān)。for international students 修飾主語(yǔ)的中心語(yǔ)the living expenses ，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要選are，排除C、D；which在從句中從當(dāng)主語(yǔ)指代$8450 a year，以及a burden可判斷出后一個(gè)空格選擇is。46.(2013﹒湖南) Not once ________ to Michael that he could one day become a top student in his class.A.occurred it   B.it did occur    C.it occurred  D.did it occur【答案】D【解析】考查倒裝句。邁克爾從來(lái)沒(méi)想到他居然會(huì)成為班上的拔尖學(xué)生。否定副詞not位于句首，句子應(yīng)該使用部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。部分倒裝：（1）以否定詞開頭的句子要求部分倒裝；（2）以“only+狀語(yǔ)”開頭的句子；（3）以“so+形容詞或副詞”開頭的句子；（4）so表示“也，也是”的意義。如：She worked hard, so did her husband.Only after he had spoken out the word did he realize he had made a big mistake.Not until yesterday did little John change his mind.47.(2013﹒遼寧) At no time _____ the rules of the game. It was unfair to punish them. A. they actually broke           B. do they actually break C. did they actually break       D. they had actually broken【答案】C【解析】本題考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和倒裝用法。事實(shí)上他們絕對(duì)沒(méi)有違反游戲規(guī)則。懲罰他們是不公平的。當(dāng)否定詞或具有否定含義的短語(yǔ)置于句首時(shí)，句子要用部分倒裝。at no time意為“絕不，在任何時(shí)候都不”，置于句首用部分倒裝，故排除A，D。再根據(jù)已知時(shí)態(tài)was，可知講的是過(guò)去的情況，所以選擇C。48.(2013﹒上海) Among the crises that face humans ______ the lack of natural resources.A. is   B. are C. is there D. are there【答案】A【解析】考查倒裝和主謂一致。自然資源的缺乏是人類面臨的危機(jī)之一。根據(jù)介詞短語(yǔ)不可以做主語(yǔ)的原則，可判斷出這是一個(gè)倒裝句，主語(yǔ)為the lack of natural resources，中心詞為lack，所以用單數(shù)的is。這是典型的“主系表”倒裝為“表系主”，介詞短語(yǔ)among the crises that face humans做表語(yǔ)。49.(2013﹒四川) Read this story, ______ you will realize that not everything can be bought with money.A. or   B. and  C. but  D. so【答案】B【解析】本題考查并列句?？纯催@個(gè)故事，你就會(huì)明白不是所有的東西都可以用錢買到的。“祈使句 + and/or +陳述句”是一個(gè)固定句式，根據(jù)句意，選B。50.(2013﹒天津) It was not until near the end of the letter ______ she mentioned her own plan.A. that    B. where C. why D. when【答案】A【解析】本題考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。直到在這封信的末尾他才提到自己的計(jì)劃。強(qiáng)調(diào)句的基本機(jī)構(gòu)：It is/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that/who+句子的其他部分，本句中強(qiáng)調(diào)的是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句所以用that。本題個(gè)別考生易誤解成定語(yǔ)從句。51.(2013﹒全國(guó)卷II) I was glad to meet Jenny again, ____ I didn't want to spend all day with her.A. but B. and C.so D. or【答案】A【解析】本題考查并列句。我很高興再次見到詹尼，但是，我不想一整天都跟她一起度過(guò)。解題關(guān)鍵是弄清前后句子之間的邏輯關(guān)系。前面說(shuō)見面高興，后面卻說(shuō)不想整天跟她呆在一起，明顯是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，要用連詞but。52.(2013﹒全國(guó)卷II) It was only after he had read the papers ______ Mr. Gross realized the task before him was extremely difficult to complete.A when B. that C. which D. what【答案】B【解析】本題考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。Gross先生讀了這些報(bào)告之后才意識(shí)到，他面前的這個(gè)任務(wù)非常難完成。“It is/was + 被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分 + that 從句”是一個(gè)固定的句式，當(dāng)被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分是物時(shí)，連詞只能用that，因此鎖定正確答案。53.(2013﹒全國(guó)卷II) Only by increasing the number of doctors by 50 percent ______ properly in this hospital.A. can be the patients B. can the patients be treatedC. the patients can be treated D. treated can be the patients【答案】B【解析】本題考查倒裝句。在這個(gè)醫(yī)院里，只有把醫(yī)生的數(shù)量增加50%，才夠治療所有的病人。only 開頭，后面緊跟一個(gè)介詞短語(yǔ)，后面的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要部分倒裝，即把其中的助動(dòng)詞或者情態(tài)動(dòng)詞提到主語(yǔ)的前面，因此正確答案是B。54.(2013﹒浙江) There are some health problems that, when ______ in time, can become bigger ones later on.A. not treated  B. not being treatedC. not to be treated  D. not have been treated【答案】A【解析】考查省略和非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。有些健康問(wèn)題如果不及時(shí)治療 ，不久可能就變成大問(wèn)題。when 后面如果用完整的句子表達(dá)，它的主語(yǔ)就是problems，因此主語(yǔ)和它后面的be 動(dòng)詞可以一起省略，相當(dāng)于“ when they are not treated”。 55.(2013﹒重慶) It's not easy to change habits, ______ with awareness and self-control, it is possible.A. for B. or C. but D. so【答案】C【解析】本題考查并列句。改變習(xí)慣不容易，但如果是有意識(shí)的并且自控，就可能做到。空處前面說(shuō)的是不容易，后面說(shuō)的是可能，顯然是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。56.(2013﹒重慶) It was with the help of the local guide ______ the mountain climber was rescued.A. who B. that C. when D. how【答案】B【解析】本題考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。在當(dāng)?shù)貙?dǎo)游的幫助下，登山者才得以獲救。It is/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that/who(m)是固定的強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分無(wú)論是人是物，都可以用that；被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分如果是人，可以用who或者whom。本句中被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分并不是the local guide，而是介詞短語(yǔ)“with the help of the local guide”，所以不能用who，而必須用that。57.(2014﹒大綱卷) ________the nurses want a pay increase, they want reduced hours as well.A. Not do only  B. Do not onlyC. Only not do   D. Not only do    【答案】D　【解析】考查倒裝句。句意：護(hù)士們不僅要求漲工資而且也要求減少勞動(dòng)時(shí)間。此處后面的but also被省略，not only引導(dǎo)的句子置于句首時(shí)，要部分倒裝。故選D。58.(2014﹒大綱卷) ________ me tomorrow and I'll let you know the lab result.A. Calling   B. Call    C. To call   D. Having called    【答案】B　【解析】考查特殊句式。句意：明天給我打電+話，我會(huì)告訴你實(shí)驗(yàn)的結(jié)果。此句是祈使句，故用動(dòng)詞原形。故選B。59.(2014﹒福建) The climate here is quite pleasant, the temperature rarely, ________， reaching 30℃ in summer.A.if not     B.if ever   C.if any     D.if so【答案】B　 【解析】考查特殊句式(省略)。句意：這兒的氣候很宜人。在夏天時(shí)，氣溫很少達(dá)到30℃，如果曾經(jīng)有過(guò)的話。根據(jù)句意可知，條件句應(yīng)該是if the temperature ever reaches 30℃ in summer，其省略形式是if ever，故選擇B項(xiàng)。 if not如果不；if any如果(有)任何(……)；if so如果這樣。60.(2014﹒福建)It was the culture, rather than the language, ________made it hard for him to adapt to the new environment abroad.A.where     B.why   C.that     D.what【答案】C　 【解析】考查特殊句式(強(qiáng)調(diào)句型)。句意：正是文化而非語(yǔ)言使得他很難適應(yīng)國(guó)外的新環(huán)境。本句去掉it was和that之后，剩余部分仍然能夠構(gòu)成一個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)正確、意義完整的句子，故確定其為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，選擇C項(xiàng)。61.(2014﹒湖南)Only when you can find peace in your heart ____ good relationships with others.A. will you keep  B. you will keep     C. you kept  D. did you keep【答案】A　【解析】考查倒裝句。句意：只有當(dāng)你內(nèi)心感覺平和時(shí)，你才能與別人保持良好的關(guān)系。副詞only位于句首，引起部分倒裝，可排除B、C；根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中的時(shí)態(tài)可排除D項(xiàng)。62.(2014﹒湖南)________what you're doing today important, because you're trading a day of your life for it.A. Make   B. To make    C. Making  D. Made【答案】A　【解析】考查祈使句。句意：使你今天正在做的變得重要，因?yàn)槟阏谟媚闵械囊惶炫c之交換。題干中逗號(hào)后是一個(gè)原因狀語(yǔ)從句，因此前面必須是一個(gè)主句才能成立。只有用動(dòng)詞原形才能構(gòu)成一個(gè)祈使句，才是一個(gè)完整的句子。63.(2014﹒湖南﹒T33)It's not doing the things we like, but liking the things we have to do ________ makes life  happy.A. that  B. which    C. what   D. who【答案】A　【解析】考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。句意：使生活變得更加快樂(lè)的不是做我們喜歡的事，而是喜歡我們必須要做的事。這里是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，把it's和that去掉之后，句子仍成立。64.(2014﹒陜西) No sooner ________ stepped on the stage than the audience broke into thunderous applause.A. had Mo Yan    B. Mo Yan had       C. has Mo Yan    D. Mo Yan has【答案】A　【解析】考查特殊句式。no sooner…than…引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，且當(dāng)no sooner位于主句句首時(shí)，主句用部分倒裝形式，即將主句謂語(yǔ)中的助動(dòng)詞、系動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞提到其主語(yǔ)前，故選A。65.(2014﹒四川)Was it because Jack came late for school ________ Mr Smith got angry?A.why  B.who    C.where  D.that【答案】D　【解析】考查特殊句式。此題考查的是強(qiáng)調(diào)句的一般疑問(wèn)句，所強(qiáng)調(diào)的成分為原因狀語(yǔ)從句because Jack came late for school，故用that。句意：是不是因?yàn)榻芸松蠈W(xué)遲到老師才生氣的？66.(2014﹒天津) Give me a chance, ________ I'll give you a wonderful surprise.A. if　　　　B. or      C. and  D. while【答案】C　【解析】考查并列句。句意：給我一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)，我會(huì)給你一個(gè)絕妙的驚喜。本句是一個(gè)表示順接關(guān)系的句子，故用and連接。if表示“如果”，引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句；or表示“否則，要不然”，表示一種相反的假設(shè)；while意為“當(dāng)……時(shí)候”，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，若意為“雖然，盡管”，則引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。67.(2014﹒重慶)—I spent two weeks in London last summer.—Then you must have visited the British Museum during your stay, ________ you?A. mustn't    B. haven't    C. didn't  D. hadn't【答案】C　【解析】考查特殊句型的用法。在“…must have done…”這個(gè)表示對(duì)過(guò)去的推測(cè)的句型中，反義疑問(wèn)句不可用must的任何形式，因?yàn)?/span>must用于表推測(cè)時(shí)僅能用于肯定句。若語(yǔ)境中有明確地表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，反義疑問(wèn)句必須用過(guò)去時(shí)的否定式，若沒(méi)有明確地表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)且強(qiáng)調(diào)現(xiàn)狀則用完成時(shí)。該題中上句有last summer，故選C。68.(2015﹒湖南)It is important to remember that success ________ a sum of small efforts made each day and often ________ years of achieve. A. is; takes B. are; takes C. are; take D. is; take【答案】A【解析】試題分析：主謂一致指“人稱”和“數(shù)”方面的一致關(guān)系。根據(jù)分析，第一空的謂語(yǔ)要填一個(gè)單數(shù)，因?yàn)榇速e語(yǔ)從句：…that success     a sum of…day.的主語(yǔ)是success，一個(gè)單數(shù)名詞，故謂語(yǔ)要用is；后面的句子：often    years to achieve.的主語(yǔ)也是success，故第二空的謂語(yǔ)也是一個(gè)單數(shù)形式。句意：成功是將每天一小點(diǎn)努力積累起來(lái)，是需要多年的努力去達(dá)到，記住這些很重要。 69.(2015﹒湖南)Always ________ in mind that your main task is to get this company running smoothly.A. to keep  B. to have kept    C.keep  D.have kept【答案】C  　【解析】考查祈使句。這是一個(gè)完整的句子，而that引導(dǎo)的是賓語(yǔ)從句，因此只能是祈使句。故選C。句意：永遠(yuǎn)記住，你的主要任務(wù)就是讓這個(gè)公司平穩(wěn)運(yùn)行。70.(2015﹒天津)Only when Lily walked into the office __ that she had left the contract at home. A. she realized        B. has she realized  C. she has realized       D. did she realize【答案】D【解析】試題分析：句意：只有當(dāng)莉莉走進(jìn)辦公室的時(shí)候，她才意識(shí)到她把合同忘家里了。本題考查only位于句首，引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，主句要主謂倒裝。根據(jù)時(shí)態(tài)和句意可知選D。71.(2015﹒湖南)Only after talking to two students ________ that having strong motivation is one of the biggest factors in reaching goals. A. I did discover    B. did I discover    C. I discovered    D. discovered【答案】B【解析】試題分析:副詞only置于句首，強(qiáng)調(diào)方式狀語(yǔ)、 條件狀語(yǔ)、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)等狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，主句要進(jìn)行部分倒裝。如果被only所強(qiáng)調(diào)的狀語(yǔ)為狀語(yǔ)從句，該狀語(yǔ)從句不倒裝，只對(duì)主句進(jìn)行倒裝。 此題中only作為副詞放在句首修飾時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)after talking to two student, 所以主句要進(jìn)行部分倒裝。部分倒裝是指將謂語(yǔ)的一部分如助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)倒裝至主語(yǔ)之前。如果句中的謂語(yǔ)沒(méi)有助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，則需添加助動(dòng)詞do,does或did,并將其置于主語(yǔ)之前。句意:在和兩個(gè)學(xué)生交談之后我才意識(shí)到擁有強(qiáng)烈的動(dòng)機(jī)是達(dá)到目標(biāo)的最大因素。故選B72.(2015﹒湖南)It was when we were returning home ________ I realized what a good feeling it was to have helped someone in trouble.A. which B. that C. where D. how【答案】B【解析】試題分析：B； 根據(jù)分析：此句是It was…開頭且去掉It was，when we were returning home I realized what a good feeling it was to have helped someone in trouble.是一個(gè)完整意義上的句子，故判斷此句是一個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)句，強(qiáng)調(diào)when we were returning home；強(qiáng)調(diào)句常用句型：It is (was) +被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that(who)… 。句意：正是在我回家的時(shí)候我才意識(shí)到幫助別人于危難之時(shí)感覺是多么令人愉悅。故選B73.(2015﹒重慶)Bach died in 1750, but it was not until the early 19th century____ his musical gift was fully recognized.A. while             B. though       C. that             D. after 【答案】C    【解析】試題分析:句意:馬赫死于1750年，但直到19世紀(jì)他的音樂(lè)天賦才被承認(rèn)。強(qiáng)調(diào)句與not until 連用。It be not until that... 故選C項(xiàng)。not until 引起的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)置于句首時(shí)，句子的主謂應(yīng)部分倒裝。由not until 引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句位于句首時(shí)，主句應(yīng)部分倒裝,從句語(yǔ)序不變。如:Not until 1998 did he return to his hometown.直到1998年他才回到家鄉(xiāng)注意:當(dāng)not until引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)從句用于強(qiáng)調(diào)句型時(shí)，句子的主語(yǔ)不倒裝。如將上兩句改為強(qiáng)調(diào)句應(yīng)為:It was not until 1998 that he returned to his hometown.74.(2016﹒江蘇)Not until recently ______the development of tourist-related activities in the rural areas.A. they had encouraged B. had they encouragedC. did they encourage D. they encouraged【答案】C【解析】試題分析:考查部分倒裝。當(dāng)not until 所引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)放在句首的時(shí)候，主句要使用部分倒裝句。排除AD項(xiàng)，B項(xiàng)為過(guò)去完成時(shí)，上下文中并沒(méi)有體現(xiàn)出過(guò)去的過(guò)去的時(shí)間。句意:直到最近他們才鼓勵(lì)在農(nóng)村地區(qū)開展與旅游業(yè)有關(guān)的活動(dòng)。故C正確。75. (2016﹒天津)You are waiting at a wrong place. It is at the hotel ____ the coach picks up tourists.  A. who       B. which         C. where     D. that【答案】D【解析】試題分析：句意：你在一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤的地方等待。大客車是在旅店接送游客的。使用強(qiáng)調(diào)句，結(jié)構(gòu)是：It is/was+強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that+其余部分，如果強(qiáng)調(diào)部分是人，也可以用who，這句話強(qiáng)調(diào)的是地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)at the hotel。故選D。76.(2017﹒江蘇)The publication of Great Expectations, which _______ both widely reviewed and highly praised, strengthened Dickens’ status as a leading novelist.A. is          B. are          C. was        D. were【答案】C【解析】試題分析:考查主謂一致。先行詞是Great Expectations,“Great Expectations”是書名,看做單數(shù)，所以定語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)也要使用單數(shù)形式;根據(jù)‘strengthened"可知,說(shuō)的是過(guò)去，故選C。句意:《遠(yuǎn)大前程》的出版獲得了廣泛的認(rèn)可和高度的贊揚(yáng)，這坐實(shí)了狄更斯作為前沿小說(shuō)家的地位。77.(2017﹒天津)It was when I got back to my apartment ______ I first came across my new neighbors.A. who        B. where      C. which       D. that【答案】D【解析】試題分析：句意：當(dāng)我回到我的公寓的時(shí)候，我第一次遇見了我的新鄰居。本句中去掉It was 和空格，句意完整，所以本句是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，應(yīng)用that。故選D。78.(2018﹒北京)In any unsafe situation, simply _________ the button and a highly-trained agent will get you the help you need.A. press    B. to press    C. pressing    D. pressed【答案】A【解析】考查祈使句。句意：在任何不安全的情況下，僅僅摁一下這個(gè)按鈕，一個(gè)訓(xùn)練有素的特工就會(huì)使你得到你需要的幫助。and是連詞，連接并列結(jié)構(gòu)，and后面是一個(gè)句子，那么，前面也應(yīng)是句子，選項(xiàng)中只有動(dòng)詞原形可以構(gòu)成祈使句，其余的都是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，無(wú)法構(gòu)成句子。故A選項(xiàng)正確。79.(2018﹒天津) It was only when the car pulled up in front of our house ___________we saw Lily in the passenger seat.A. which    B. that     C. when    D. where【答案】B【解析】考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句。句意：只有當(dāng)汽車在我們房子前停下來(lái)我們才看到在乘客位置的莉莉。這里考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句，強(qiáng)調(diào)句型結(jié)構(gòu)為：It is/ was + 被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分(通常是主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ))+ that/ who(當(dāng)強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)且主語(yǔ)指人)+ 其他部分。本題強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)only when the car pulled up in front of our house。故選B。80.(2019﹒天津)The professor warned tie students that on no account _____________ use mobile phones in his class.A. should they    B. they should     C. dare they D. they dare【答案】A【解析】考查部分倒裝。句意：這位教授警告學(xué)生們，在他的課堂上，決不應(yīng)該使用手機(jī)。on no account決不，否定詞放在句首，句子使用部分倒裝，應(yīng)該做should do,敢于做dare do，根據(jù)句意表示”應(yīng)該“，故選A。81.(2020﹒全國(guó)卷II﹒語(yǔ)法填空)This is why decorating with plants, fruits and flowers   62   (carry) special significance.【答案】carries【解析】考查主謂一致。句意：這就是為什么用植物、水果和鮮花裝飾具有特殊意義的原因。這是一個(gè)表語(yǔ)從句，從句主語(yǔ)為動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)decorating with plants, fruits and flowers，所以謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。故填carries。82.(2020﹒全國(guó)卷III﹒短文改錯(cuò))My dad don’t like the soup and I don’t enjoy apples.【答案】【解析考查主謂一致。句意：我爸爸不喜歡湯，我也不喜歡蘋果。表示經(jīng)常或反復(fù)發(fā)生的事情，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。主語(yǔ)my dad是第三人稱單數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，所以don’t改成doesn’t。 

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