?專題07 閱讀理解七選五

全國各地歷年高考真題全收錄

2022年新高考I卷
Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled “Five Reasons to Thank Your Workout Partner.” One reason was: “You’ll actually show up if you know someone is waiting for you at the gym, ” while another read: “___36___” With a workout partner, you will increase your training effort as there is a subtle (微妙) competition.
So, how do you find a workout partner?
First of all, decide what you want from that person. ___37___ Or do you just want to be physically fit, able to move with strength and flexibility? Think about the exercises you would like to do with your workout partner.
You might think about posting what you are looking for on social media, but it probably won’t result in a useful response. ___38___ If you plan on working out in a gym, that person must belong to the same gym.
My partner posted her request on the notice board of a local park. Her notice included what kind of training she wanted to do, how many days a week and how many hours she wanted to spend on each session, and her age. It also listed her favorite sports and activities, and provided her phone number. ___39___
You and your partner will probably have different skills. ___40___ Over time, both of you will benefit — your partner will be able to lift more weights and you will become more physically fit. The core (核心) of your relationship is that you will always be there to help each other.
A. Your first meeting may be a little awkward.
B. A workout partner usually needs to live close by.
C. You’ll work harder if you train with someone else.
D. Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport?
E. How can you write a good “seeking training partner” notice?
F. Just accept your differences and learn to work with each other.
G. Any notice for a training partner should include such information.
【答案】36. C 37. D 38. B 39. G 40. F
【解析】
【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了如何找到一個一起鍛煉的伙伴。
【36題詳解】
根據(jù)前文“Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled “Five Reasons to Thank Your Workout Partne.” One reason was: “You’ll actually show up if you know someone is waiting for you at the gym,”(《健身雜志》最近刊登了一篇題為《感謝健身伙伴的五個理由》的文章。一個理由是：“如果你知道有人在健身房等你，你就會去鍛煉。”)”可知，這里陳述另一個和別人一起鍛煉的理由。所以選擇項C“You'll work harder if you train with someone else.(如果你和別人一起訓練，你會更努力。)”符合上下文語境。故選C。
【37題詳解】
根據(jù)前文“First of all, decide what you want from that person. (首先，決定你想從那個人身上得到什么。)”和后文“Or do you just want to be physically fit, able to move with strength and flexibility?(或者你只是想要身體健康，能夠移動的力量和靈活性?)”可知，這里是一個問句，反問自己結(jié)伴鍛煉的目的。所以選擇項D“Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport? (你想在你最喜歡的運動項目上成為更好的運動員嗎?)”符合上下文語境。故選D。
【38題詳解】
根據(jù)前文“You might think about posting what you are looking for on social media, but probably won't result in a useful response. (你可能會考慮在社交媒體上發(fā)布你想要的東西，但可能不會得到有用的回應。)”和后文“If you plan on working out in a gym, that person must belong to the same gym.(如果你打算在健身房鍛煉，那個人一定是同一個健身房的。)”可知，尋找的鍛煉伙伴要具有便利性的特點。所以選擇項B“A workout partner usually needs to live close by. (鍛煉伙伴通常需要住在附近。)”符合上下文語境。故選B。
【39題詳解】
根據(jù)前文“My partner posted her request on the notice board of a local park. Her notice included what kind of training she wanted to do, how many days a week and how many hours she wanted to spend on each session, and her age. It also listed her favorite sports and activities, and provided her phone number. (我的搭檔把她的要求貼在了當?shù)毓珗@的布告欄上。她的注意事項包括她想要做什么樣的鍛煉，每周多少天，每次培訓要花多少小時，以及她的年齡。它還列出了她最喜歡的運動和活動，并提供了她的電話號碼。)”可知，本段作者以自己的鍛煉伙伴為例，說明尋找鍛煉伙伴布告所要包括的信息。所以選擇項G“Any notice for a training partner should include such information. (任何鍛煉伙伴的布告都應包括這些信息。)”符合上下文語境。故選G。
【40題詳解】
根據(jù)前文“You and your partner will probably have different skills. (你和你的伴侶可能有不同的技能。)”和后文“Over time, both of you will benefit -- your partner will be able to lift more weights and you will become more physically fit.(久而久之，你們雙方都會受益——你的伴侶會舉起更多的重量，你也會變得更健康。)”可知，要學會求同存異，一起合作，共同提高。所以選擇項F“Just accept your differences and learn to work with each other. (接受你們的不同，學會彼此合作。)”符合上下文語境。故選F。

2022年新高考II卷
Writing an essay is a difficult process for most people. However, the process can be made easier if you learn to practice three simple techniques.
___16___ When you are first trying to think of ideas for an essay, put your pen to your paper and write nonstop for ten or fifteen minutes without letting your pen leave the paper. Stay loose and free. ___17___ Don’t worry about grammar or spelling. Even though this technique won’t work for everyone, it helps many people get a good store of ideas to draw on.
The next technique is to write your draft rapidly without worrying about being perfect. ___18___ Yet, by learning to live with imperfection, you will save yourself headaches and a wastepaper basket full of crumpled (弄皺) paper. Think of your first draft as a path cut out of the jungle—as part of an exploration, not as a complete highway.
The third technique is to try printing out a triple—spaced (三倍行距) copy to allow space for revision. ___19___ As a result, these writers never get in the habit of crossing out chunks (大塊) of their draft and writing revisions in the blank space. After you have revised your draft until it is too messy to work from anymore, you can enter your changes into your word processor. ___20___ The resulting blank space invites you to revise.
A. Make sure your handwriting is neat.
B. Let your pen follow the waves of thought.
C. The second draft of the essay should be better.
D. First of all, learn the technique of nonstop writing.
E. Too many writers try to get their drafts right the first time.
F. Many beginning writers don’t leave enough space to revise.
G. Then you can print out a fresh draft, again setting your text on triple-space.
【答案】16 D 17. B 18. E 19. F 20. G
【解析】
【導語】本文是一篇說明文，主要講的是寫文章的技巧。
【16題詳解】
空格處是本段的主題句，由空后的“When you are first trying to think of ideas for an essay, put your pen to your paper and write nonstop for ten or fifteen minutes without letting your pen leave the paper. (當你第一次想寫一篇文章的時候，把筆放在紙上，不間斷地寫10到15分鐘，不要讓筆離開紙。)”可知，本段主要講的是要學會不間斷地寫，D選項“First of all, learn the technique of nonstop writing. (首先，學習不間斷寫作的技巧。)”概括了本段的主要內(nèi)容，可作為主題句，故選D。
【17題詳解】
空前說“Stay loose and free. (保持寬松和自由。)”，空后說“Don’t worry about grammar or spelling. (不要擔心語法和拼寫。)”，因此空格處應說按心里想的寫，自由發(fā)揮，B選項“Let your pen follow the waves of thought. (讓你的筆跟隨思想的波浪。)”說明了按自己的思路和想法來寫，因此承上啟下，符合語境，故選B。
【18題詳解】
空前說“The next technique is to write your draft rapidly without worrying about being perfect. (下一個技巧是快速寫草稿，不要擔心是否完美。)”，空后說“Yet, by learning to live with imperfection, you will save yourself headaches and a wastepaper basket full of crumpled (弄皺) paper. (然而，通過學習與不完美共存，你將避免自己的頭痛和一個裝滿皺巴巴的廢紙簍。)”，E選項“Too many writers try to get their drafts right the first time. (太多的作家試圖在第一次就把草稿寫好。)”中的“get their drafts”和上文的“write your draft”相呼應，說明了有很多人想一次就寫好，這是不合理的，要學會允許不完美的存在，因此E選項承上啟下，符合語境，故選E。
【19題詳解】
空前說“The third technique is to try printing out a triple—spaced (三倍行距) copy to allow space for revision. (第三種方法是打印出三倍行距的副本，以便有修改的空間。)”，F(xiàn)選項“Many beginning writers don’t leave enough space to revise. (許多初來乍到的作者沒有留出足夠的修改空間。)”中的“revise”和前面的“revision”一致，指出了新手作者的常見做法，且其中的“Many beginning writers”和后文的“these writers”相互呼應，因此F選項承上啟下，符合語境，故選F。
【20題詳解】
空前說“After you have revised your draft until it is too messy to work from anymore, you can enter your changes into your word processor. (當你修改你的草稿，直到它太亂以至于無法繼續(xù)工作，你可以把你的修改輸入到你的文字處理器中。)”，空后說“The resulting blank space invites you to revise. (由此產(chǎn)生的空白允許您修改。)”，因此空格處應說輸入到文字處理器后應該做什么，G選項“Then you can print out a fresh draft, again setting your text on triple-space. (然后你可以打印一份新的草稿，同樣將文本設置為三倍行距。)”說的是輸入到你的文字處理器后的做法，其中的“triple-space”和后文的“The resulting blank space”相呼應，因此G選項承上啟下，符合語境，故選G。


2022年1月浙江卷

I have the same 24 hours in a day as you do, but I have made specific choice that allow me to make the most of every day and still feel happy and relaxed. ____11____
Pick the most important.
____12____ Focus on spending time that for you is fun and productive. I chose the life of an adviser because I like to work with companies, but don't want the life of a big company CEO. My choices are based on the lifestyle I want.
Combine your activities.
Many people go crazy trying to figure out how to spend time with friends, family, work, play, etc. ____13____ Find ways to enjoy them in a combined manner. Build your social life around people your work environment. Find people in your company who share common interests and develop your career (職業(yè)) around the people and activities you love.
____14____
You would think learning takes more time from you, but actually there are always new ways of doing things that can save you time on daily tasks, freeing you up for the most important. Always be looking for a new way to gain back an hour here or there.
Lighten up.
The world won't come to an end in most cases just because you left a few things undone Celebrate progress and keep refining (改進) toward a happy productive existence. ____15____ Every completion is a small victory that adds up in a big way.
A. Speed up.
B. Be an active learner.
C. Stop trying to balance time between them all.
D. Make choices about what is meaningful in your life.
E. The things you do well usually give you greater joy.
F. Perhaps these tips will help you make the most of your time.
G. This is why making lists is important in any productivity handbook.
【答案】11. F 12. D 13. C 14. B 15. G
【解析】
【分析】本文是說明文。作者給出了既可以充分利用時間又可以快樂放松的有效建議。
【11題詳解】
上文“I have the same 24 hours in a day as you do, but 1 have made specific choice that allow me to make the most of every day and still feel happy and relaxed.( 我和你一樣，每天都有24小時，但我做了具體的選擇，讓我充分利用每一天，仍然感到快樂和放松)”說明作者做出選擇，充分利用每一天，但仍舊感到快樂和輕松，根據(jù)下文段落小標題可知，下文就如何充分利用每一天給出了建議，因此空格處應是承上啟下，F(xiàn)項中的“help you make the most of your time”與上文“to make the most of every day”一致，“tips”引出下文的建議，因此F項“也許這些建議會幫助你充分利用你的時間”符合語境，承上啟下。故選F。
【12題詳解】
根據(jù)段落標題“Pick the most important.”可知，本段建議挑選最重要的，下文“Focus on spending time that for you is fun and productive.( 把時間花在那些對你來說有趣和富有成效的事情上)”說明要挑選一些有趣的和富有成效的事情去做，D項中的“what is meaningful in your life”與標題中的“the most important”一致，下文是對“Make choices”具體解釋。因此推斷D項“選擇你生活中有意義的東西”符合語境。故選D。
【13題詳解】
上文“Many people go crazy trying to figure out how to spend time with friends, family, work, play, etc.( 許多人瘋狂地試圖弄清楚如何在朋友，家庭，工作，娛樂等方面度過時間)”說明許多人想要弄清楚在生活中如何分配好時間，下文“Find ways to enjoy them in a combined manner.( 找到一種結(jié)合的方式來享受它們)”說明可以把事情組合在一起享受，因此推斷空格處與上文是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，說明不要試圖均衡時間，C項“不要試圖在它們之間平衡時間”符合語境。故選C。
【14題詳解】
空格處為段落小標題。根據(jù)下文“You would think learning takes more time from you, but actually there are always new ways of doing things that can save you time on daily tasks, freeing you up for the most important. Always be looking for a new way to gain back an hour here or there. Always be looking for a new way to gain back an hour here or there. (你可能會認為學習需要花費了你更多的時間，但實際上總有一些新的方法可以為你節(jié)省出做日常事務的時間，為你騰出時間去做最重要的事情。尋找在這里或者那里贏回一個小時的新方法)”可推斷，本段講述學習雖然花費很多時間，但總是能有一些方法為你節(jié)省時間做其他事情，因此要做有效的學習者。因此推斷B項“做有效的學習者”為段落標題，故選B。
【15題詳解】
下文“Every completion is a small victory that adds up in a big way.( 每一次的完成都是一個小的勝利，累積起來就是一個大的勝利)”說明事情要一件一件去做，G項中的“making lists”與之呼應，因此推斷G項“這就是為什么列清單在任何生產(chǎn)手冊中都很重要的原因”符合語境，this指代上文“The world won't come to an end in most cases just because you left a few things undone. Celebrate progress and keep refining (改進) toward a happy productive existence.( 在大多數(shù)情況下，世界不會因為你沒做完幾件事而走向末日。慶祝進步，不斷改進走向一個快樂而富有成效的存在)”解釋了列出清單一件一件完成任務的原因。故選G。

2021年新高考I卷
My husband and I just spent a week in Paris.____36____So the first thing we did was rent a fantastically expensive sixth-floor apartment the size of a cupboard. It was so tiny that we had to leave our suitcases in the hallway.
The place wasn’t entirely authentic, though. Unlike a normal Parisian apartment, the plumbing ( 水 管 ) worked. ____37____Our building even had a tiny lift with a female voice that said, “Ouverture des portes,” in perfect French. That is the only French phrase I mastered, and it’s a shame I don’t have much use for it.
Parisians are different from you and me. They never look lazy or untidy. As someone noted in this paper a couple of weeks ago, they eat great food and never gain weight. ____38____ French strawberries do not taste like cardboard. Instead, they explode in your mouth like little flavor bombs.
____39____ On our first morning in Paris, I went around the corner to the food market to pick up some groceries. I bought a handful of perfectly ripe small strawberries and a little sweet melon. My husband and I agreed they were the best fruit we had ever eaten. But they cost $18!
In France, quality of life is much more important than efficiency.
You can tell this by cafés life French cafés are always crowded.____40____When do these people work? The French take their 35-hour workweek seriously — so seriously that some labor unions recently struck a deal with a group of companies limiting the number of hours that independent contractors can be on call.
A. Not all the customers are tourists.
B. The quality of life in France is equally excellent.
C. There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed.
D. The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers.
E. That’s not the only reason the French eat less than we do.
F. Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians.
G. The food is so delicious that you don’t need much of it to make you happy.
【答案】36. F 37. C 38. G 39. E 40. A
【解析】這是一篇說明文。主要講述了作者夫婦兩人在巴黎的居住的感受。首先，作者介紹了她住的房子；其次，說明了巴黎人生活非常精致的原因；最后，說明法國人對待生活的態(tài)度，相較于工作效率他們更看重生活品質(zhì)。
【36題】上文“My husband and I just spent a week in Paris.(我丈夫和我剛在巴黎待了一周)”說明了背景；下文“So the first thing we did was rent a fantastically expensive sixth-floor apartment the size of a cupboard.(所以我們做的第一件事就是租了一個非常昂貴公寓，在第六層，只有一個櫥柜那么大)”是空格處的結(jié)果，因此空格處需要填原因；根據(jù)F項“Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians.(我們的目標是看看我們是否在某種程度上可以活的像巴黎人。)”可知，作者要在巴黎住下來，所以需要租房子，兩句構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系。故選F項。
【37題】上文“The place wasn’t entirely authentic, though.(不過，這個地方并不是地道的法國住房)”是段落的中心句，說明第二段主要內(nèi)容是講解公寓的情況。下文提到了樓宇和電梯的情況。C項“There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed.(有一個漂亮的廚房和一張舒適的床)”提到了廚房和床，這些都屬于公寓的配置。故選C項。
【38題】上文“... they eat great food and never gain weight.(他們吃得很好，而且從不發(fā)胖)”提及了食物。下文“French strawberries do not taste like cardboard. Instead, they explode in your mouth like little flavor bombs.(法國草莓嘗起來不像紙板。相反，它們會像小炸彈一樣在你嘴里爆炸)”在說明法國的草莓很好吃。上下文結(jié)合可知，因為法國的食物質(zhì)量很高，所以不用吃很多就能很滿足，同時吃的少也就不會發(fā)胖了。G項“The food is so delicious that you don’t need much of it to make you happy. (食物是如此美味，你不需要吃太多就能使你快樂)”符合語境要求。故選G項。
【39題】第三段主要描述了作者夫妻去了采購了食物，買了草莓。下文“My husband and I agreed they were the best fruit we had ever eaten. But they cost $18!(我丈夫和我都認為這是我們吃過的最好的水果。但它們要18美元!)”說明法國的水果好吃但是也很貴。選項E“That's not the only reason the French eat less than we do.(這并不是法國人吃得比我們少的唯一原因)”承接了上一段關(guān)于法國人吃的少但是不胖的話題，同時引起下文，給出了法國人吃的少的另一個原因‘物價貴’。故選E項。
【40題】根據(jù)上文“In France, quality of life is much more important than efficiency (效率). You can tell this by cafés life. French cafés are always crowded. (在法國生活質(zhì)量比效率更重要。這一點你能從咖啡館生活看出來。法國的咖啡廳總是很擁擠)”可知，上文說明了法國人對待工作不是很積極且咖啡廳里顧客很多。下文“When do these people work?(這些人什么時候工作？)”是一個問句，說明本句屬于過渡句，承接上文說明咖啡廳里的造成擁擠的客人的情況，A選項中有“customer”符合咖啡館的情境設定，同時講述了不是所有的客人都是游客，那么意味著大部分人都是當?shù)厝?，符合下文的提問。故選A項。
2021年新高考II卷
If the only reading you ever do is the novel or magazine, the speed at which you read -probably does not matter very much. But if you have to read a great deal for study, you will appreciate the benefits of being able to read more quickly. ____16____
·Before you open the book, make sure that you are comfortable. You need a seat which supports your back and the book should be at the right distance from your eyes. ____17____
____18____ Look at the table of contents, the preface, the chapter heading,etc.This will help you to decide whether you really need to read the whole book or only certain parts of it. Ten minutes spent in this way could save you quite a lot of time in the long run.
If you decide that you need to read the whole book, decide how much you can read at a time. ____19____ A history book which may contain the facts in story form will be easier to read than one dealing with scientific subjects. In the former case you may be able to read a chapter. In the latter you may only be able to read one page.
Always keep a pencil and paper beside you. ____20____Note also the facts important for your purpose as well as anything which leads you to further research. You don't have to write these things in detail. It is enough to put the page number and one or two words as a reminder.
A. Stop to have a rest now and then.
B. Spend a few minutes looking through the book.
C. This depends on the type of book you are reading.
D. Here are some tips to help improve your reading speed.
E. Make a note of any page which is of special importance.
F. You may find yourself having to learn something by heart.
G. Keep the room cool rather than warm to avoid feeling sleepy.
【答案】16. D 17. G 18. B 19. C 20. E
【解析】
【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一些幫助提高閱讀速度的建議。
【16題詳解】
根據(jù)上文“If the only reading you ever do is the novel or magazine, the speed at which you read -probably does not matter very much. But if you have to read a great deal for study, you will appreciate the benefits of being able to read more quickly.（如果你唯一的閱讀是小說或雜志，那么你閱讀的速度可能并不重要。但是，如果你必須大量閱讀來學習，你就會感激能夠更快地閱讀的好處。）”可知，接下來要介紹提高閱讀速度的方法。D項：Here are some tips to help improve your reading speed.（這里有一些幫助提高閱讀速度的建議。）符合語境。故選D。
【17題詳解】
根據(jù)本段主題句“Before you open the book, make sure that you are comfortable.（在你打開書之前，確保你感到舒服。）”可知，本段主要說明要給自己創(chuàng)造舒適的閱讀環(huán)境。G項：Keep the room cool rather than warm to avoid feeling sleepy.（保持房間涼爽而不是溫暖以避免困倦。）符合語境。故選G。
【18題詳解】
空處為段落主題句。根據(jù)下文“Look at the table of contents, the preface, the chapter heading,etc（查看目錄、前言、章節(jié)標題等。）”可知，本段主要講述在閱讀一本書之前要先瀏覽一下大致內(nèi)容。B項：Spend a few minutes looking through the book.（花幾分鐘瀏覽一下這本書。）符合語境。故選B。
【19題詳解】
根據(jù)上文“If you decide that you need to read the whole book, decide how much you can read at a time.（如果你決定要讀完整本書，決定一下你一次能讀多少。）”和下文“A history book which may contain the facts in story form will be easier to read than one dealing with scientific subjects.（以故事形式包含事實的歷史書比科學題材的書更容易閱讀。）”可知，看書時間的長短取決于書的類型。C項：This depends on the type of book you are reading.（這取決于你讀的書的類型。）符合語境。故選C。
【20題詳解】
根據(jù)段落主題句“Always keep a pencil and paper beside you.（總是在身邊放一支鉛筆和一張紙。）”可知，本段強調(diào)要隨時注意記筆記。E項：Make a note of any page which is of special importance.（把任何有特別重要的一頁都記下來。）符合語境。故選E。


2021年6月浙江卷
You've got mail…and it's a postcard
Paulo Magalhaes, a 34-year-old Portuguese computer engineer, loves to open his mailbox and find a brightly colored picture of Rome's Colosseum. Or Africa's Victoria Falls. Or China's Great Wall. ___11___
"I often send postcards to family and friends." he says to China Daily, "but you can imagine that after a while, you never receive as many as you send, and you realize that not everyone is into it ___12___ ” Seeking other like-minded souls, however, Paulo started looking in a somewhat unlikely place: online. Many would say the Internet is a place for people who have given up on the traditional postal service, but Paulo's hunch（直覺）paid off.
Today his hobby has developed into the website postcrossing.com, a social network that has grown to 575,217 registered users in 214 countries and regions since he started it 10 years ago. ___13___ Running the website has almost turned into a full-time job.
Language is certainly a harrier for many people. For postcrossing to work worldwide, a common communication language is needed so that everyone can understand each other. As cool as it may be to receive a postcard written in Chinese, the concept doesn't work if one doesn't understand it. ___14___ So a common language is required and in postcrossing that's English since it's widely spoken.
"Many people in China have limited exposure to English. ___15___ That said, we know of many postcrossing members, including Chinese, who have actually improved their English skills through their use of postcrossing," Paulo says.
A. And that's totally fine
B. That makes it extra hard to learn and practice it
C. He likes to think of sending postcards as a family-friendly hobby
D. Many love to make a connection with someone from across the world.
E. On August 5, the number of postcards exchanged by members topped 31 million.
F. Similarly, if you speak only Chinese, receiving a card in Swedish takes part of the fun away.
G. In short, he loves postcards, and the excitement of getting a hand-written note from someone far away.
【答案】11. G 12. A 13. E 14. F 15. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了Paulo Magalhaes創(chuàng)建postcrossing.com的過程及其現(xiàn)狀。Paulo Magalhaes非常喜歡明信片但是苦于身邊沒有與他志趣相投的人，于是他開始從網(wǎng)上尋求志同道合的人，因而創(chuàng)立了postcrossing.com。隨著公司在全球不斷壯大，語言成為溝通的主要障礙，后來英語被選為共同語言方便大家交流。
【11題】上文“Paulo Magalhaes, a 34-year-old Portuguese computer engineer, loves to open his mailbox and find a brightly colored image of Rome's Colosseum. Or Africa's Victoria Falls. Or China’s Great Wall.( 34歲的葡萄牙電腦工程師Paulo Magalhaes喜歡打開他的郵箱，然后發(fā)現(xiàn)一個色彩鮮艷的羅馬斗牛場圖像?；蛘叻侵薜木S多利亞瀑布?；蛘呤侵袊拈L城)”介紹了Paulo喜歡明信片的個人愛好。下文“... and you realize that not everyone is into it.”說明他身邊缺少與他志趣相投的人。選項G“In short, he loves postcards, and the excitement of getting a scribbled note from someone far away.(簡而言之，他喜歡明信片，也喜歡收到遠方某人潦草的便條時的那種興奮)”起到承上啟下的作用，總結(jié)了上文Paulo喜歡明信片，也引出下文關(guān)于他的喜好得不到回應的問題。故選G項。
【12題】上文““I often send postcards to family and friends." he says to China Daily, “but you can imagine that after a while, you never receive as many as you send, and you realize that not everyone is into it(“我經(jīng)常給家人和朋友寄明信片， ”他說，“但你可以想象，過一段時間，你收到的明信片不會像你寄的那么多，而且你意識到并不是每個人都喜歡這樣?！?”說明Paulo意識到身邊的親人和朋友不是都和他有相同的愛好，因此他也很坦然接受這個事實，因此選項A“那完全沒問題”符合語境。故選A項。
【13題】上文“Today his hobby has evolved into the website Postcrossing.com, a social network that has grown to 575,217 registered users in 214 countries and regions since he launched it 10 years ago.(如今，他的這個愛好已經(jīng)發(fā)展成了Postcrossing.com這個社交網(wǎng)站。自從10年前他創(chuàng)建這個網(wǎng)站以來，已經(jīng)有來自214個國家和地區(qū)的575217名注冊用戶)”是在介紹目前網(wǎng)站的發(fā)展狀況，因此符合文意的只有E選項“8月5日，會員互贈的明信片數(shù)量達到3100萬張”是在介紹該網(wǎng)站相關(guān)的數(shù)據(jù)。故選E項。
【14題】上文“As cool as it may be to receive a postcard written in Chinese, the concept doesn't work if one doesn't understand it.(收到一張用中文寫的明信片可能很酷，但如果你不理解它，這個概念就行不通)”是舉例說明他國人收到中文明信片時的問題。選項F“Similarly, if you speak only Chinese, receiving a card written in Swedish takes part of the fun away.(同樣地，如果你只會說中文，收到瑞典語的卡片也會奪走一部分樂趣)”是舉例說明中國人收到他國語言明信片時也會遇到相同的問題。兩句相結(jié)合，符合結(jié)論句的語義要求，故選F項。
【15題】上文“Many people in China have limited exposure to English.(許多中國人很少能接觸到英語)”說明對某些人來說學習英語的門檻較高。結(jié)合下文“... who actually improved their English skills through their use of postcrossing.(他們實際上通過使用明信片來提高他們的英語技能)”可知，寫明信片成為一種練習英語的渠道。因此選項B “這使得學習和練習它變得格外困難 ”符合語境要求，說明對一些人來說學習和練習英語的難度較高，因為渠道較少。故選B項。
2021年1月浙江卷
You run into the grocery store to pick up one bottle of water. You get what you need, head to the front, and choose the line that looks fastest.
You chose wrong. People who you swear got in other lines long after you are already checked out and off to the parking lot. ___11___
It turns out, it's just math working against you; chances are, the other line really is faster.
Grocery stores try to have enough employees at checkout to get all their customers through with minimum delay. ___12___Any small interruption - a price check, a chatty customer-can have downstream effects, holding up an entire line.
If there are three lines in the store, delays will happen randomly at different registers. Think about the probability:____13____So it's not just in your mind: Another line probably is moving faster.
Researchers have a good way to deal with this problem. Make all customers stand in one long, snaking line- called a serpentine line - and serve each person at the front with the next available register. ___14___This is what they do at most banks and fast-food restaurants. With a serpentine line, a long delay at one register won't unfairly punish the people who lined up behind it. Instead, it will slow down everyone a little bit but speed up checkout overall.
____15____It takes many registers to keep one line moving quickly, and some stores can't afford the space or manpower. So wherever your next wait may be: Good luck.
A. Why does this always seem to happen to you?
B. So why don't most places encourage serpentine lines?
C. Some of the may have stood in a queue for almost an hour.
D The chances of your line being the fastest are only one in three.
E. How high is the probability that you are in the fastest waiting line?
F. With three registers, this method is much faster than the traditional approach.
G. But sometimes, as on a Sunday afternoon, the system gets particularly busy.
【答案】11. A 12. G 13. D 14. F 15. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是說明文。文章說明了雜貨店排隊方式以及研究人員提出的蛇形隊伍的新方式，并分析了各自的利弊。
【11題詳解】
下文“It turns out, it's just math working against you; chances are, the other line really is faster. （原來，這只是你的數(shù)學問題；很可能，另一個隊伍真的更快。）”解釋了上文“You chose wrong.(你選錯了)”的原因，下文與空格處是因果關(guān)系，所以本空應該是對前文選錯提出疑惑，故選A項。
【12題詳解】
上文“Grocery stores try to have enough employees at checkout to get all their customers through with minimum delay.（雜貨店盡量讓足夠的員工在結(jié)賬時讓所有的顧客以最小的延誤完成結(jié)賬。）”解釋了雜貨店之前的工作模式，下文“Any small interruption a price check, a chatty customer -can have downstream effects, holding up an entire line.（任何一個小小的中斷，一個價格檢查，一個喋喋不休的顧客，都會產(chǎn)生下游效應，拖住整個生產(chǎn)線。）”描述了雜貨店的特殊情況，故本空應該填出現(xiàn)特殊情況的原因，故選G項。
【13題詳解】
根據(jù)上文“If there are three lines in the store, delays will happen randomly at different registers. （如果雜貨店中有三列隊伍，延遲將在不同的隊伍中隨機發(fā)生。）”聯(lián)系下文“So it's not just in your mind: Another line probably is moving faster.（所以這不僅僅是在你的腦海里：另一條隊伍可能移動得更快。）”可知本空說的是任何一個隊伍都有可能出現(xiàn)問題。你的隊伍跑得最快的幾率只有三分之一。故選D項。
【14題詳解】
根據(jù)“上文Researchers have a good way to deal with this problem.(我們得知研究人員有一個很好的方法來處理這個問題)”以及下文“This is what they do at most banks and fast-food restaurants. With a serpentine line, a long delay at one register won't unfairly punish the people who lined up behind it. Instead, it will slow down everyone little bit but speed up checkout overall.（這個大多數(shù)銀行和快餐店都是這樣做的。有了一條蜿蜒的隊伍，在一個登記處長時間拖延不會不公平地懲罰后面排隊的人。相反，它會減慢每個人一點點，但加快了整體結(jié)帳速度。）”說明這個新方案迅速有效，聯(lián)系上下文可知，空格中應該是與舊的結(jié)賬方案作比較。故選F項。
【15題詳解】
結(jié)合下文“It takes many registers to keep one line moving quickly, and some stores can't afford the space or manpower.（要保持一條生產(chǎn)線的快速運轉(zhuǎn)，需要很多的收銀機，而且有些商店負擔不起空間和人力。）”說明了一個原因，由此可知，空格處提出了一個問題；通過“It takes many registers to keep one line moving quickly.(保持一條生產(chǎn)線的快速運轉(zhuǎn))”可知這里描述的是不鼓勵蛇形隊伍的原因。故選B項。

2020·新課標Ⅰ
A Few Tips for Self-Acceptance
We all want it to accept and love ourselves. But at times it seems too difficult and too far out of reach. ___36___ Here’s a handful of ways that will set you in the right direction.
●___37___ Do not follow the people who make you feel not-good-enough. Why do you follow them? Are you hoping that eventually you will feel empowered because your life is better than theirs? Know that your life is your own;you are the only you in this world.
●Forgive yourself for mistakes that you have made. We are often ashamed of our shortcomings, our mistakes and our failures. ___38___ You will make mistakes, time and time again. Rather than getting caught up in how you could have done better, why not offer yourself a compassionate (有同情心) response? ＂That didn’t go as planned. But, I tried my best.＂
●Recognize all of your strengths. Write them down in a journal. Begin to train your brain to look at strength before weakness. List all of your accomplishments and achievements. You have a job, earned your degree, and you got out of bed today. ___39___
●Now that you’ve listed your strengths, list your imperfections. Turn the page in your journal. Put into words why you feel unworthy, why you don’t feel good enough. Now, read these words back to yourself. ___40___ Turn to a page in your journal to your list of strengths and achievements. See how awesome you are?
A. Feeling upset again?
B. Where do you start?
C. Nothing is too small to celebrate.
D. Remember, you are only human.
E. Set an intention for self-acceptance.
F. Stop comparing yourself with others.
G. When does the comparison game start?
【答案】36. B 37. F 38. D 39. C 40. A
【解析】
這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了幾個自我接納的小技巧。
36.根據(jù)題目A Few Tips for Self-acceptance及下文的Here's a handful of ways that will set you in the right direction.(這有很多可以幫你找到正確方向的方法。)可知，選項B. Where do you start? (從哪里開始那？)最合下文語境，故選B項。
37.根據(jù)下文Are you hoping that eventually you will feel empowered because your life is better than theirs? Know that your life is your own; you are the only one in this world.(你是否希望最終你會因為自己的生活比他們的好而感到有力量？要知道，你的生活是你自己的；你在這個世界上是獨一無二的。)可知，本段主要講述不要把自己和別人作比較，因為生活是我們自己的，我們也是世界上獨一無二的。故F. Stop comparing yourself with others.(停止把自己和別人進行比較。)可以作為本段中心句，故選F項。
38.根據(jù)本文的中心句Forgive yourself for mistakes that you have made. (原諒自己所犯的錯誤。)及下文的You will make mistakes, time and time again. (你會一次又一次地犯錯誤。)可知，選項D. Remember, you are only human.(記住，你只是個人。)與上下文銜接最好，故選D項。
39.根據(jù)上文List all of your accomplishments and achievements. You have a job, earned your degree, and you got out of bed today.(列出你所有的成就。你有了一份工作，拿到了學位，今天就起床了。)可知，選項C. Nothing is too small to celebrate.(沒有什么事是太小而不值得慶祝。)與上文銜接最好，故選C項。
40.結(jié)合上文Put into words why you feel unworthy, why you don't feel good enough. Now, read these words back to yourself.(用語言來解釋為什么你覺得自己不值得，為什么你覺得自己不夠好?，F(xiàn)在，自己讀一下這些話。)和下文的Turn to a page in your journal to your list of strengths and achievements. See how awesome you are? (翻到你日記本上記下你的有點和成就的那頁。看到你有多棒了嗎？)可知，選項A. Feeling upset again?(再次感覺心煩意亂了嗎？)最合上下文語境，故選A項。
2020·新課標Ⅱ
Emoji(表情符號) and Workplace Communication
In Asia, messaging platforms are growing rapidly, with users in the hundreds of millions, both at work and play. ___36___. It’s been reported that 76 percent of employees in some western countries are using emojis at work.
Written communications can often read as cold and dull. Using emojis can add humor and feeling, keeping intention clear. ___37___, encouraging better and more frequent communication.
In any given office, employees can range from age 22 to 70 and beyond, and finding common ground in communication style can be a challenge. ___38___. While the younger generations prefer to communicate visually, for those used to working with traditional tools like email, it may feel like a learning curve(曲線). The good news is that it’s simple to learn and can be worth the effort.
There is also the matter of tone(語氣). Who hasn’t received an email so annoying that it ruined an entire day? ___39___. Emoji can help communication feel friendlier, and even a serious note can be softened with an encouraging smile.
___40___ and emoji can contribute directly to that positive outcome. And when your employees begin adding smiling emojis to their business communication, you’ll know you have succeeded in improving your work culture.
A. Message with emojis feel more conversational
B. Even a formal email can seem cold and unfriendly
C. Sending smiling faces to colleagues may seem strange
D. The popularity of these platforms is spreading globally
E. Giving employees the tools enables them to communicate honestly
F. Studies show that friendlier communication leads to a happier workplace
G. An easy way to bring all work generations together is with a chat platform
【答案】36. D 37. A 38. G 39. B 40. F
【解析】
本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了表情符號以及在工作交流所帶來的優(yōu)勢。
36.根據(jù)前句“In Asia, messaging platforms are growing rapidly, with users in the hundreds of millions, both at work and play.(在亞洲，即時通訊平臺正在迅速發(fā)展，無論是工作還是娛樂，都有數(shù)億用戶)”和后句“It's been reported that 76 percent of employees in some western countries are using emojis at work.(據(jù)報道，在一些西方國家，76%的員工在工作中使用表情符號)”可知，前后句都說明了即時通訊平臺受歡迎程度。所以選擇項D. The popularity of these platforms is spreading globally. (這些平臺的受歡迎程度正在全球蔓延)符合題意。故選D。
37.根據(jù)前句“Using emojis can add humor and feeling, keeping intention clear.(使用表情符號可以增加幽默和感情，保持明確的意圖)”和后半句“encouraging better and more frequent communication.(鼓勵更好更頻繁的交流)”可知，這里陳述使用表情符號的優(yōu)點。所以選擇項A. Messages with Emojis feel more conversational. (使用表情符號的信息讓人感覺更健談)符合題意。故選A。
38.根據(jù)前句“In any given office, employees can range from age 22 to 70 and beyond, and finding common ground in communication can be a challenge. (在任何一間辦公室，員工年齡從22歲到70歲甚至更大，在交流中找到共同點可能是一項挑戰(zhàn))” 中關(guān)鍵詞句“employees can range from age 22 to 70 and beyond,”與選擇項中“all work generations”是一致的。故選G。
39.根據(jù)前句“ Who hasn’t received an email so annoying that it ruined an entire day? (誰沒有收到過毀掉了一整天的郵件呢？)”和后文介紹表情的優(yōu)點，可知，這里陳述電子郵件的缺點。所以選擇項B. Even a formal email can seem cold and unfriendly. (即使是一封正式的電子郵件也會顯得冷淡和不友好)故選B。
40.根據(jù)后句“and Emoji can contribute directly to that positive outcome. (并且表情符號可以直接促成這種積極的結(jié)果)”可知，這里陳述表情符號能給工作場所帶來的好處。所以選擇項F. Studies show that friendlier communication leads to a happier workplace. (研究表明，更友好的溝通會帶來更快樂的工作場所)故選F。
2020·新課標Ⅲ
A housewarming party is a special party to be held when someone buys or moves into a new apartment or house. The person who bought the house or moved is the one who throws the panty. The party is a chance for friends and family to congratulate the person on the new home. ___36___ And it is good time to fill the new space with love and hopefully presents.
___37___ Some people register a list of things they want or need for their new home at a local or store or stores. Some common things people will put on a gift registry include kitchen tools like knives and things like curtains. Even if there isn’t a registry, a good housewarming gift is something to decorate the new house with, like a piece of art or a plant.
___38___ This is often appreciated since at a housewarming there isn’t a lot of food served. There are usually no planned activities like games at a housewarming party. The host or hostess of the party will, however, probably give all the guests a tour of their new home. Sometimes, because a housewarming party happens shortly after a person moves into their new home, people may be asked to help unpack boxes. ___39___
Housewarming parties get their name from the fact that a long time ago people would actually bring firewood to a new home as a gift. ___40___ Now most homes have central heating and don’t use fires to keep warm.
A. This isn’t usual though.
B. It is traditional to bring a gift to a housewarming party.
C. You can also bring food or drinks to share with the other guests.
D. If you’re lucky enough to receive gifts, keep them in a safe place.
E. It also gives people a chance to see what the new home looks like.
F. The best housewarming parties encourage old friends to get together.
G. This was so that the person could keep their home warm for the winter.
【答案】36. E 37. B 38. C 39. A 40. G
【解析】
本文是說明文，介紹了喬遷聚會的目的，禮物的選取，活動安排和名稱的由來。
36.上句 The party is a chance for friends and family to congratulate the person on the new home.(這個聚會是朋友和家人祝賀新家的機會)。介紹慶祝喬遷之喜的聚會是親戚朋友祝賀搬新家的人的一次機會，下句 And it is a good time to fill the new space with love and hopefully presents.(現(xiàn)在是時候用愛和希望的禮物來填補新家了)。介紹這也是給新家裝滿愛和希望禮物的好時機。E項：它也給了人們一次看看新家什么樣的機會。與上下句并列，都是慶祝喬遷之喜聚會的目的，故選E。
37.下文Some common things people will put on a gift registry include kitchen tools like knives and things like curtains.和like a piece of art or a plant. 列舉了參加聚會所帶禮物的清單，可以是廚房工具、窗簾、藝術(shù)品或綠植。這些都和參加聚會帶禮物有關(guān)，B項：帶禮物去參加喬遷派對是一種傳統(tǒng)，概括了本段內(nèi)容，引出下文，故選B。
38.本段介紹了聚會的活動安排，根據(jù)后文This is often appreciated since at a housewarming there isn' t a lot of food served.(這一點通常是值得贊賞的，因為在喬遷派對上不會提供很多食物)。指出因為新搬家，所以主人不會準備太豐盛的食物或太多的活動。那么本句是在建議你可以帶上自己的食物或飲料與其他客人分享搬家，所以主人不會準備太豐盛的食物或太多的活動。C項：你也可以帶上食物或飲料與其他客人分享。故選C。
39.本段提到在喬遷聚會上人們會聚餐，主人帶領客人參觀新家。上句提到，由于喬遷聚會是在搬進新家后不久舉行的，人們可能會被要求幫助打開箱子。根據(jù)常識可知在喬遷聚會上讓客人們幫忙干活是不常見的，A項：但這并不常見。表達了此意，與上文銜接，故選A。
40.上句介紹了喬遷聚會名稱的由來，根據(jù)bring firewood to a new home as a gift.可知人們會帶柴火作為禮物，那么本空承接上文說明了帶柴火的目的和作用。G項：這樣人們就可以在冬天的時候保持家里溫暖。符合語境。故選G。
2020年山東卷
Some individuals are born with a gift for public speaking.___16___Do you want to be a good public speaker? Here are some principles you must master.
People want to listen to someone who is interesting, relaxed and comfortable. Too often when you stand up to give a speech, you focus on the “public”at the expense of the”speaking. “ ___17___ Focus on the speaking. Talk directly to your audience, be yourself and make a connection.
Even the most successful public speaker will make mistakes. Yet, the only one who cares about any mistake is the one who is speaking. People’s attention wanders constantly. In fact,most people only absorb about 20 percent of a speaker’s message. So, don’t stop speaking when you make a mistake unless it’s a truly serious one.___18___
Your goal is not to be a perfect public speaker.___19___And like everything else in life, that takes practice. Remember, even world champion athletes practice their skills on a consistent basis.
___20___It’s rare to hear someone say, “I wish that speaker had spoken longer. “On the other hand, you probably can’t count the times that you’ve thought, “I’m glad that talk is over. It seemed to go on forever! “So surprise your audience. Always make your presentation just a bit shorter than anticipated. It’s better to leave your listeners wishing for more than shifting restlessly in their seats waiting for your speech finally to end.
A. Do the opposite.
B. You want to be an effective public speaker.
C. You don’ t need to apologize for a minor slip.
D. When it comes to public speaking, less is usually more.
E. The objective of most speeches is to benefit the audience
F. Take the fear out of public speaking by focusing on your listeners
G. However, the majority of people are effective speakers because they train to be.
【答案】16. G 17. A 18. C 19. B 20. D
【解析】
本文是說明文。文章介紹了成為好的演講者需要掌握的一些原則。
16.本文主題是介紹成為好的演講者要掌握的一些原則。上句提到有些人生來就有演講的天賦。G項:然而，大多數(shù)人之所以能成為有影響的演講者，是因為他們受過訓練。與上句轉(zhuǎn)折，引出本文主題--演講者要訓練。故選G。
17.下句Focus on the speaking.是本段主題，建議演講者把注意力集中在演講上。上句提到一種常見現(xiàn)象，當站起來發(fā)表演講時，演講者往往會把注意力放在”公眾”上，而不是”演講”上。這是錯誤的做法，A項Do the opposite.承上啟下，說明了上句做法的錯誤，引出了下句正確的做法。故選A。
18.本段提到即使成功的演講者也會犯錯誤，觀眾不會太在意你的錯誤。上句建議當出錯時不要停止演講，除非是非常嚴重的錯誤。C項:你不需要為一個小失誤道歉。與上句承接，是對待演講出錯的方法。故選C。
19.本段是說明練習的重要性。上句提到你的目標不是成為一個完美的演說家，下句應該說明目標是什么。B. You want to be an effective public speaker.與上句銜接，是我們演講的真正目的。故選B。
20.下文提到觀眾并不是認為演講越長越好，根據(jù) Always make your presentation just a bit shorter than anticipated.可知，作者建議讓演講比預期的短一點，給觀眾更多的期待勝過讓他們坐立不安地等待演講結(jié)束。D項:公開演講時，通常少就是多。說明了演講時，多和少的辯證關(guān)系。故選D。
2020年6月浙江卷
I experienced years of loneliness as a child. ___31___ His friends teased him about babysitting his sister and his interests were far different from mine. With no other kids of my age in the neighborhood, I had to spend hours by myself.
A bright spot for me turned out to be reading. My love of the written word began early as my mother read to me every evening. ___32___ I started reading books on my own before age 5 and my mother took me to the public library once a week to borrow several books. I quickly graduated from typical children’s books to ones with fewer pictures and longer chapters. Reading opened new worlds to me. ___33___
My mother also encouraged me to make what I wanted. I tried making toy cars with cardboard boxes and constructing buildings from leftover cardboard and bits of wood my father gave me. When my mother saw my creations, she told me how creative my designs were. ___34___ I learned a lot about how to extend the life of objects and transform them into something new and useful. It was a trait(特點) others found helpful, and I soon had friends who wanted to make things with me.
___35___My parents made it a point for their two kids to spend time outside, no matter the weather or season. My brother, of course, raced off to be with his friends, while I had plenty to do myself. There was making leaf houses in autumn, ice skating in winter, and so much more. They’re all memories I treasure today.
A. I wasn't alone any longer.
B. I enjoyed reading stories aloud.
C. I was invited to play with another kid.
D. I loved the colorful photographs in the books.
E. Another habit I formed early was being outdoors.
F. Thus, I began my lifelong interest in making things.
G. My older brother couldn’t be bothered to play with me.
【答案】31. G 32. D 33. A 34. F 35. E
【解析】
這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者養(yǎng)成幾個生活習慣的原因。
31.設空在段中，應是承前啟后句。根據(jù)后文“His friends teased him about babysitting his sister and his interests were far different from mine”可知，設空句應提及“his”的身份，即G項中的“My elder brother”，且G項“我哥哥懶得和我一起玩”在此起到了承上啟下的作用。故選G項。故選G項。
32.根據(jù)前句提到“我對文字的愛始于母親每天晚上給我讀故事的時候”可知，D項“我喜歡書中的彩色照片”和上句構(gòu)成進一步說明。同時D項中的“書”指代上句提到的母親每天給我讀故事的書。D項切題。故選D項。
33.根據(jù)前句提到“閱讀為我打開了新世界”可知，A項“我不在孤獨”和上句構(gòu)成了因果關(guān)系。A項切題。故選A項。
34.根據(jù)前句“當我的母親看到我的創(chuàng)作時，她說我的設計很有創(chuàng)意”可知，F(xiàn)項“于是，我開始對制造東西產(chǎn)生了長久的興趣”和上句構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系，我正是在聽了母親那句話后才開始了對制造東西產(chǎn)生興趣。F項切題。故選F項。
35.根據(jù)后句“無論天氣或季節(jié)，我的父母都要讓他們的兩個孩子花時間在戶外”可知，E項“我很早養(yǎng)成的另一個習慣是去戶外”和前句表示因果邏輯。作者有去戶外的習慣是因為后句提到的父母的影響。E項切題。故選E項。
2020年1月浙江卷
Let's take a minute to think about the water we use. The human body is 60% water and we need to drink lots of water to be healthy. When we are thirsty we just go to the kitchen and fill a glass with clean water.
___31___For example, farmers, who produce the food we eat, use water to make the plants grow. When we turn on a light or switch on a TV or a computer we use energy and we need water to produce this energy.
The truth is that we are lucky enough to have clean water whenever we want，but this is not the case for many people around the world.___32___That's around one in 10 people in the world. If we drink dirty water，we can catch diseases from the bacteria and become ill. Every year over 500，000 children die from diarrhea(腹瀉)from dirty water. That's around 1，400 children every day！Also，in some countries children walk many kilometres every day to get water.___33___Therefore，they don't have time to learn how to read or write and don't get an education.
___34___On this day every year，countries around the world hold events to educate people about the problems of dirty water and that clean water is something that everyone should have around the world. At one school in the UK，children between the ages of 10 and 15 walk 6km with six litres of water.___35___People give them money to do this and all the money helps get clean water to as many people as possible around the world.
A. We use water indirectly too.
B. Every system in our body depends on water to function.
C. It is to inspire people to learn more about water-related problems
D. If children walk many hours a day to get water，they can't go to school.
E. Did you know that around 750 million people do not have clean water to drink？
F. In 1993 the United Nations decided that March 22nd is the World Day for Water.
G. In this way，they know how it feels to walk a long distance carrying heavy bottles.
【答案】31. A 32. E 33. D 34. F 35. G
【解析】
【分析】
這是一篇說明文。主要說明了水是我們生活中非常重要的能源，而世界上很多人并不像我們這樣幸運能喝到干凈的水。世界上大約有7.5億人沒有干凈的水喝，每年有50多萬兒童死于臟水引起的腹瀉。就此聯(lián)合國決定3月22日為世界水日，并在當天舉辦活動來教育人們關(guān)于臟水的問題，讓人們知道清潔的水是全世界每個人都應該擁有的。
【31題詳解】
根據(jù)下文For example, farmers, who produce the food we eat, use water to make the plants grow. When we turn on a light or switch on a TV or a computer we use energy and we need water to produce this energy.（例如，生產(chǎn)我們吃的食物的農(nóng)民，使用水使植物生長。當我們打開電燈或電視或電腦的開關(guān)時，我們使用能源，我們需要水來產(chǎn)生這種能源）可知下文是在列舉人們間接使用水的例子，故A選項“我們也間接地用水?！狈仙舷挛恼Z境，故選A。
【32題詳解】
根據(jù)下文That's around one in 10 people in the world.（那大約是世界上十分之一的人）可推知本句為說明世界上沒有干凈水喝的人數(shù)。故E選項“你知道大約有7.5億人沒有干凈的水喝嗎?”符合上下文語境，故選E。
【33題詳解】
根據(jù)上文Also，in some countries children walk many kilometres every day to get water.（而且，在一些國家，孩子們每天要走很多公里去取水）中walk many kilometres every day to get water可對應到D選項中walk many hours a day to get water，故D選項“如果孩子們每天走很多小時去取水，他們就不能去上學?！狈仙舷挛恼Z境，故選D。
【34題詳解】
結(jié)合下文On this day every year，countries around the world hold events to educate people about the problems of dirty water and that clean water is something that everyone should have around the world.（每年的這一天，世界各國都會舉辦各種活動，讓人們了解臟水的問題，讓他們知道清潔的水是全世界每個人都應該擁有的）是在說明世界水日當天的活動，故可知本句為說明世界水日的設立時間，故F選項“1993年，聯(lián)合國決定3月22日為世界水日?！狈仙舷挛恼Z境，故選F。
【35題詳解】
根據(jù)前文At one school in the UK，children between the ages of 10 and 15 walk 6km with six litres of water.（在英國的一所學校，10到15歲的孩子負重6升水來步行6公里）可推知本句承接上文繼續(xù)說明這一做法的意義是讓孩子們了解帶著沉重的瓶子走很長的距離是什么感覺。故G選項“通過這種方式，他們知道帶著沉重的瓶子走很長的距離是什么感覺?！狈仙舷挛恼Z境，故選G。

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