初中英語外研版 (新標(biāo)準(zhǔn))八年級(jí)下冊(cè)Unit 2 We have not found life on any other planets yet課文內(nèi)容ppt課件

這是一份初中英語外研版 (新標(biāo)準(zhǔn))八年級(jí)下冊(cè)Unit 2 We have not found life on any other planets yet課文內(nèi)容ppt課件，共45頁。PPT課件主要包含了 Revision， 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)， 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的構(gòu)成， New words， Grammar，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語， Exercises， Summary等內(nèi)容，歡迎下載使用。
Part1.Revisin
Part4. Key pints
Part5. Exercise&Summary
Part3. Grammar
Part2. New wrds
1.表示過去發(fā)生的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。
2.表示過去已經(jīng)開始, 持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài).常與since + 過去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)，fr + 一段時(shí)間，s far 等時(shí)間狀語連用。
have (has）+ 過去分詞
have + dne has
肯定句：主語+have/has +過去分詞 I/Yu/We/They have seen the film. He/She/It 否定句：主語+have/has +nt+過去分詞 They have nt(haven't) seen the film.一般疑問句：Have/Has+主語+過去分詞 Have I/Yu/We/ they seen the film? Yes,they have. N,they haven't.
一、規(guī)則動(dòng)詞： (1) 一般情況下，直接在動(dòng)詞后加ed(2) 在以啞e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，去啞e加d (3) 以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾且末尾只有一個(gè)輔 音字母的動(dòng)詞，要雙寫末尾的輔音字母 再加-ed(4) 以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，改y為i 再 加-ed
Enjy the dialgue
What are yu up t?
I’ve just made a mdel spaceship fr ur schl prject.
I haven’t started yet.
S have they discvered life n Mars?
Have yu heard the latest news?Scientists have sent spaceship t Mars.
N,they haven’t yet.
Are there any astrnauts in the spaceship?
N,there aren’t.
Because Mars is very far away.
◆常與不確定的時(shí)間狀語連用，如:already, never, ever, just, yet, befre, s far, in the past few years等,表示“到目前為止”所發(fā)生的動(dòng)作.◆還可以和表示一段時(shí)間的狀語連用， since, fr a lng time等.
already 往往用于肯定句， 用在疑問句時(shí)表示強(qiáng) 調(diào)或加強(qiáng)語氣； yet 用于否定句和疑問句。
He has already left here. Has he already left here? 他（真的）已經(jīng)離開這里了嗎？（表示加強(qiáng)語氣）My teachers haven’t had breakfast yet. 我的老師們還沒有吃早飯。Have yu written t yur parents yet? 你已經(jīng)給你父母寫過信了嗎？
never 是否定詞，表示“從來沒有” ever 表示“曾經(jīng)”
We have never been t the Great Wall. 我們從來沒有去過長(zhǎng)城。Have yu ever been t Canada? 你們?cè)?jīng)去過加拿大嗎？
just表示“剛剛” (多用在助動(dòng)詞have/has和動(dòng)詞過去分詞之間）
He has just cme back. They have just finished the wrk.
befre 用于完成時(shí) ag 用于過去時(shí)
He has started his wrk ten years befre. 他十年前就已經(jīng)開始他的工作了。He started his wrk ten years ag. 他是十年前開始他的工作的。
2．現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)常和 fr 或 since 引導(dǎo)的表示 “一段時(shí)間”的短語或從句連用,此時(shí)動(dòng)詞不可用瞬間動(dòng)詞，而必須用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。
since Mr. Li has wrked here since 2010. （自2020年以來，李先生一直在這工作。）I have knwn him since 7 years ag. (自從7年前我就認(rèn)識(shí)他。)He’s learned abut 500 wrds since he went t cllege.（他上大學(xué)以來大約學(xué)了五千個(gè)英語單詞）
fr＋一段時(shí)間（tw weeks/six mnths/five days） 表示動(dòng)作延續(xù)多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間 。 He has taught in this schl fr fur years. （我們認(rèn)識(shí)有二十年了。） I haven’t seen her fr a lng time. （我好久沒有見到她了。）
用fr 或since填空
Mr. Brwn has had his TV ______ 15 years. I’ve taken driving lessns _______last mnth. My sister has had her cell phne ______a mnth . My friends haven’t visited me ______my birthday. We haven’t used ur car _____ a lng time . She hasn’t had a gd cup f cffee _____years. Tm has wrn glasses _______he was 7 years ld.
He bught a car six mnths ag. 他六個(gè)月前買了一輛車。 (與過去具體時(shí)間連用，表示過去的動(dòng)作)He has already bught a car. 他已經(jīng)買了一輛車。 (說明現(xiàn)在他有車的事實(shí))He has had a car fr six mnths. 他買車已經(jīng)半年了。
I brrwed a bk last week. 上周我借了一本書。 (說明過去的動(dòng)作，與過去具體時(shí)間連用)I have brrwed the bk. 我已經(jīng)借了那本書了。 (說明現(xiàn)在書在我這里的事實(shí))I have kept the bk fr a week. 我已經(jīng)借那本書一周了。(與fr a week即 “一段時(shí)間”連用，用持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞keep替換瞬間性動(dòng)詞brrw。)
瞬間動(dòng)詞變延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞
begin/ start
end/finish/stp
be married
be in/a member f
辨析 have been t和 have gne t
She has been t China . 她（曾經(jīng)）去過中國(guó)。（去過）
have been t smeplace. 曾經(jīng)去過某地，已經(jīng)回來．has gne t smeplace.某人去了某地，還沒有回來．
She has gne t China last week. 上周她去了上海 。（去了）
She has been in China fr 5 years. 她已經(jīng)待在中國(guó)五年了。（待著）
用have/has been t, have/has gne t填空：1.—Where is yur brther? —He ____________ the shp. He’ll be back sn.2. — ______ yu ever _________ America? —Yes, I ___________ New Yrk twice.3. —Here yu are at last! Where _____ yu _____? —I _____________ Lndn.4. —David _____________Australia. —I’m sure he’s already arrived.5. —Is Benny here? —N, he __________ the schl library. He left five minutes ag.
Have been t
have been t
have been
( )1. I have finished my hmewrk ____. Have yu finished yur hmewrk ____? A. yet, yet B. yet, already C. already, yet D. already, already
Exercises
( )2. I haven’t seen Kate ____ 4 mnths. A. already B. since C. fr D. yet( )3. He has ____ seen the film Harry Ptter. S he knws nthing abut it. A. already B. ever C. never D. yet
( ) 4. She has been ill in bed ____ tw days ag. A. since B. in C. during D. fr( )5. I have ____ watched a wnderful film. It’s really interesting. A. yet B. just C. just nw D. never
( )6. — Oh, Mrs King, yur dress lks very nice. Is it new? — N, I ___ it since tw years ag. A. had B. bught C. have had D. have bught
( )7. — ___yu __a ticket fr the ftball match? — Nt yet. A. Is, bught B. Are, bught C. Has, bught D. Have, bught
in rder t +動(dòng)原為了做某事,表目的，位于句首或句中 He gt up early in rder t catch the first bus. = In rder t catch the first bus, he gt up early.
in rder that +句子 E.g. I wrk very hard in rder that I can pass the exam.?
2. s…that… & such…that…
s＋形容詞或副詞＋that ... E g. The stne is s heavy that I can’t mve it. such ＋(a/an)＋adj.＋可數(shù)n.(單/復(fù))/不可數(shù)n.＋that… E.g. He is such a clever by that everybdy likes him. E.g. They are such interesting nvels that I want t read them nce again. E.g. He has made such great prgress that the teachers are pleased with him.
He is _____ a clever by ______every teacher likes him very much.2. The sng is ______ppular _______mst peple can sing it.3. There is ______much milk in the fridge ______yu dn’t need t buy it.
such that
s that
s…that…/ such…that
t many +可數(shù)名詞，表示“太多” E.g. There are t many peple in the park. t much +不可數(shù)名詞，表示“太多” E.g. I have t much hmewrk t d. much t +形容詞或副詞，表示“太……；非?！? E.g. It is much t cld.
t many, t much 與much t
alne 作形容詞時(shí)，表示“孤單的” E.g. He was alne again.alne 作副詞時(shí)，表示“獨(dú)自” E.g. I dn't like ging ut alne after dark.
alne & lnely
lnely 表示“孤獨(dú)的，寂寞的”。 lives alne,but he desn't feel lnely.
finish +ding sth. 表示“做完某事”。 E.g. I finished practicing the pian just nw. enjy +ding sth. 表示“熱衷于做某事”。 E.g. He enjys reading. 小結(jié)：除finish ,enjy 外，like, lve, lk frward t, give up, practice, miss, avid（避免）,risk, frbid(禁止)等詞后要加ing形式。
( )1. My bike is brken dwn. That’s ______ I was late. A. because B. fr C.what D. why( )2. They were all very tired, but ____ f them had a rest. A. nne B. all C.bth D. either ( )3. Mrs Black lives _____ and she ften feels _______. A.lnely;alne B. alne;lnely C.alne;alne D. lnely;lnely