?【贏在高考·黃金20卷】備戰(zhàn)2022年高考英語模擬卷（北京專用）
二輪拔高卷06
本試卷共11頁，共100分．考試時長90分鐘．
考生務(wù)必在答題卡指定區(qū)域作答，在試卷上作答無效．
考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回．
第一部分 知識運用（共兩節(jié)，30分）
第一節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）
閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑．
Xing Yifan is a university student who was diagnosed with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS) about six months after birth.
Due to severe spinal deformity (畸形) caused by the illness, Xing, who weighs only 18 kilograms, has ____1____ in doing routine tasks that most people take for granted. However, armed with a strong will, he worked hard to ensure that the ____2____ would not hold him back. Since his muscles are too ____3____ to support his body, he puts his head on a desk to read. He ____4____ all the difficulties and was admitted to No. 1 Middle School in Jilin with the highest test scores in the school’s history.
“I ____5____ everything I’ve got to you. You determined early on that while the disease has made me ____6____ the ability to walk and run, it wouldn’t make me lose the ____7____ opportunity. You have accompanied me through every class from primary school to high school. I know every day is ____8____ for you, but you never give up.” Xing said to his parents.
In Xing’s mind, disease can hurt his body but can’t ____9____ his desire for knowledge and his confidence to serve the country. In 2021, Xing went to Beihang University with a score of 645 points in the college entrance examination.
____10____ can create miracles. Xing Yifan has shown the power of optimism and strength for people.
1．A．a(chǎn)nxiety B．interest C．difficulty D．confidence
2．A．weight B．disease C．pressure D．prospect
3．A．weak B．flexible C．sensitive D．a(chǎn)daptable
4．A．a(chǎn)voided B．ignored C．expected D．overcame
5．A．owe B．leave C．offer D．contribute
16．A．show B．reduce C．lose D．keep
7．A．job B．practice C．education D．promotion
8．A．exciting B．surprising C．frightening D．challenging
9．A．balance B．destroy C．control D．strengthen
10．A．Bravery B．Effort C．Patience D．Imagination
【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．D 5．A 6．C 7．C 8．D 9．B 10．B
【解析】這是一篇記敘文。講述了患有肌萎縮性側(cè)索硬化癥的邢益凡憑借努力和堅強的意志，以645分的高考成績考入北京航空航天大學(xué)。努力可以創(chuàng)造奇跡，邢益凡展示了樂觀和毅力的力量。
1．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：由于這種疾病引起的嚴(yán)重脊柱畸形，邢益凡重18公斤，很難完成大多數(shù)人認(rèn)為理所當(dāng)然的日常工作。A. anxiety焦慮；B. interest興趣；C. difficulty困難；D. confidence自信。根據(jù)上文“Due to severe spinal deformity caused by the illness”可知，由于疾病，邢很難完成大多數(shù)人認(rèn)為理所當(dāng)然的日常工作。故選C。
2．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，憑借堅強的意志，他努力工作，確保疾病不會阻止他。A. weight重量；B. disease疾病；C. pressure壓力；D. prospect前景。呼應(yīng)上文“Due to severe spinal deformity caused by the illness”指他所患的疾病。故選B。
3．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：由于肌肉無力支撐身體，他只好將頭靠在桌子上看書。A. weak虛弱的；B. flexible靈活的；C. sensitive敏感的；D. adaptable能適應(yīng)的。根據(jù)后文“he puts his head on a desk to read”可知，只能將頭靠在桌子上看書，說明肌肉無力支撐身體。故選A。
4．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他克服了所有的困難，并以該校歷史上最高的成績考入了吉林一中。A. avoided避免；B. ignored忽視；C. expected期待；D. overcame克服。根據(jù)后文“all the difficulties”指克服所有困難。故選D。
5．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我所擁有的一切都歸功于你。A. owe欠錢；B. leave離開；C. offer提議；D. contribute貢獻。根據(jù)后文“everything I’ve got to you”表示“將……歸功于”短語為owe sth. to sb.。故選A。
6．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：你很早就決定盡管疾病讓我失去了行走和跑步的能力，但它不會讓我失去受教育的機會。A. show展示；B. reduce減少；C. lose失去；D. keep保持。根據(jù)后文“the ability to walk and run”指疾病讓他失去了行走和跑步的能力。故選C。
7．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：你很早就決定盡管疾病讓我失去了行走和跑步的能力，但它不會讓我失去受教育的機會。A. job工作；B. practice聯(lián)系；C. education教育；D. promotion改善。根據(jù)后文“You have accompanied me through every class from primary school to high school.”可知他的父母堅持讓他接受教育。故選C。
8．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：“我知道每一天對你們來說都是挑戰(zhàn)，但你們從不放棄。”邢益凡對父母說。A. exciting令人興奮的；B. surprising令人驚訝的；C. frightening令人害怕的；D. challenging挑戰(zhàn)的。根據(jù)上文“You have accompanied me through every class from primary school to high school.”結(jié)合他身患疾病，可知每一天都是對他父母的一種挑戰(zhàn)。故選D。
9．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在邢看來，疾病可以傷害他的身體，但不能摧毀他求知的欲望和報效國家的信心。A. balance平衡；B. destroy破壞；C. control控制；D. strengthen加強。根據(jù)后文“his desire for knowledge and his confidence to serve the country”可知，疾病可以傷害他的身體，但不能摧毀他求知的欲望和報效國家的信心。故選B。
10．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：努力可以創(chuàng)造奇跡。A. Bravery勇敢；B. Effort努力；C. Patience耐心；D. Imagination想象力。結(jié)合后文“Xing Yifan has shown the power of optimism and strength for people.”以及刑的故事，可知他的努力創(chuàng)造了奇跡。故選B。
第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）
閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空．在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。
A
Shenzhou-13 entered the Tianzhou 2, according to the China Manned Space Agency in October, ____11____attracted attention at home and abroad. It was the fourth spacecraft to visit the Tiangong station and the second crewed ship to transport astronauts to the orbiting station. Together ____12____ Zhai Zhigang and Wang Yaping, Ye Guangfu made his first trip into space. “The crew will install equipment and test technologies,” the agency said, “they will stay in orbit for six months, ____13____ (set) a new record for a Chinese space mission.
【答案】11．which 12．with 13．setting
【解析】這是一篇新聞報道。介紹神舟13號進入天舟2號以及宇航員的情況。
11．考查定語從句。句意：根據(jù)中國載人航天局10月的消息，神舟13號進入天舟2號，這引起了國內(nèi)外的關(guān)注。根據(jù)句型結(jié)構(gòu)和句意可知，這是非限制性定語從句，且從句中缺主語，指代前面這件事，所以應(yīng)用which。故填which。
12．考查介詞。句意：與翟志剛、王亞平一起，葉光復(fù)首次進入太空。根據(jù)句型結(jié)構(gòu)和句意可知，together with 表“和…一起”,為介詞短語搭配。故填with。
13．考查非謂語。句意：“機組人員將安裝設(shè)備和測試技術(shù)，”該機構(gòu)說，“他們將在軌道上停留六個月，創(chuàng)造中國航天任務(wù)的新紀(jì)錄。根據(jù)句型結(jié)構(gòu)和句意可知，此空給的set應(yīng)用非謂語結(jié)構(gòu)形式做狀語，且they 和set為主動關(guān)系，所以用set用現(xiàn)在分詞結(jié)構(gòu)形式。故填setting。
B
The protection of the Yellow River is one of the top concerns for Chinese leadership. In the past two decades, the Chinese government ____14____ (strengthen) the protection of wetlands along the Yellow River, ____15____ (make) various wild birds gather in this area. The rising number of wild birds has brought a benefit for birdwatchers, who are very thankful for ____16____ the government has done for the people. Further efforts will be made to bring more beautiful environment to the Yellow River.
【答案】14．has strengthened 15．making 16．what
【解析】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了中國政府加強保護黃河沿岸濕地，取得了成果并得到了認(rèn)可。
14．考查時態(tài)。句意：在過去的20年里，中國政府加強了對黃河沿岸濕地的保護，使各種野生鳥類聚集在這一地區(qū)。根據(jù)時間狀語In the past two decades可知，句子應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時，主語the Chinese government是單數(shù)，謂語動詞應(yīng)用has strengthened。故填has strengthened。
15．考查非謂語動詞。句意：在過去的20年里，中國政府加強了對黃河沿岸濕地的保護，使各種野生鳥類聚集在這一地區(qū)。分析句子，空處作非謂語動詞，中國政府加強對黃河沿岸濕地的保護，自然產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果是使得各種野生鳥類聚集在這一地區(qū)，所以空處應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞形式表示自然而然的結(jié)果。故填making。
16．考查賓語從句。句意：野生鳥類數(shù)量的增加給觀鳥者帶來了好處，他們非常感謝政府為人民所做的一切。分析句子，空處引導(dǎo)從句作介詞for的賓語，連接詞在賓語從句中作賓語，表示“什么”，應(yīng)用what引導(dǎo)從句。故填what。
C
Once a small county in mountains and little-known to the rest of China, Chongli in Hebei Province, where most of the snow sports ____17____ (hold) in 2022, is already benefiting from the Olympic Games. ____18____ (link) to Beijing by a high-speed railway line that began operating in December, 2019, Chongli ____19____ (become) one of the country's hottest skiing destinations now. The railway has reduced the travel time ____20____ the capital and mountain resorts from more than 3 hours by car to about 50 minutes by train.
【答案】17．will be held 18．Linked 19．is becoming/has become 20．between
【解析】本文為一篇說明文，介紹了因冬季奧運會出名的河北崇禮縣的相關(guān)信息。
17．考查動詞時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：河北省崇禮縣曾經(jīng)是一個小縣城，在中國其它地方鮮為人知。2022年，大部分雪上項目將在這里舉行。如今，崇禮縣已經(jīng)從奧運會中受益。分析句子可知，空處為where引導(dǎo)的定語從句的謂語，snow sports與hold構(gòu)成邏輯上的被動關(guān)系，且根據(jù)in 2022及句意可知，冬季奧運會在未來舉行，用一般將來時的被動語態(tài)。故填：will be held。
18．考查非謂語動詞。句意：2019年12月開通的一條高鐵將崇禮與北京連接起來，崇禮現(xiàn)在正在（已經(jīng)）成為中國最熱門的滑雪目的地之一。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處作句子的狀語，句子的邏輯主語Chongli與Beijing構(gòu)成邏輯上的被動關(guān)系，此處用過去分詞作狀語。故填：Linked。
19．考查動詞時態(tài)。句意同上。根據(jù)now并結(jié)合句意可知，表示崇禮現(xiàn)在“正在成為中國最熱門的滑雪目的地之一”或者“已經(jīng)成為中國最熱門的滑雪目的地之一”，分別用現(xiàn)在進行時和現(xiàn)在完成時，表示事情正在發(fā)生，或者過去發(fā)生的事情對于現(xiàn)在的影響。故填：is becoming/has become。
20．考查介詞。句意：這條鐵路將首都與山區(qū)旅游勝地之間的旅行時間從3個多小時的車程縮短到50分鐘左右。分析句子并結(jié)合句意可知，表示“首都與山區(qū)旅游勝地之間的旅行時間”，此處用介詞between構(gòu)成between…and…（在……和……之間）結(jié)構(gòu)。故填：between。
第二部分 閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，38分）
第一節(jié)（共14小題；每小題2分，共28分）
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑．
A
Being a blogger can be good business. Don’t you believe it? Read on!
Meet Gary Vaynerchuk (GaryVaynerchuk.com)
Gary Vaynerchuk is a New Yorker who gained Internet fame because of a video blog that talked about everything related to wine. Through online video blogging, he built his wine business from a $3-million-dollar a year wine retail store to a $60-million-dollar wine wholesale business. Gary Vaynerchuk has built a multi-million-dollar empire relating to his personal brand.
Meet Rand Fishkind (moz.com)
Rand Fishkind is college dropout (輟學(xué)生) who started blogging about SEO (Search Engine Optimization) back in 2004 while working for a family-run web development company. He was also providing SEO consulting services for a few small clients. SEOmoz has left the consulting business since then and focuses on creating awesome SEO software instead. The company makes millions of dollars each month.
Meet Pat Flynn (SmartPassiveIncome.com)
Pat is one of the most inspirational bloggers in the world. After losing his job, he was forced to struggle to support his growing family. He started a website called Smart Passive Income to track his progress with various websites and online money-making- projects. He has since built massive followers and readership thanks to his honesty. Over the last 6 months, Pat has earned on average, around $50,000 per month.
Meet Andrew Sullivan (thedishdaily.com)
Andrew started his blog, The Daily Dish, near the end of 2000. By the middle of 2003, he was receiving about 300,000 unique visits per month. Just this year, Andrew made some big changes and decided to work on The Daily Dish full-time. On launch day in 2013, the blog reportedly took in over $330,000, charging $20/month per reader.
21．After Gary Vaynerchuk started his video blog, ________.
A．he spent most of his time making videos
B．he fell in love with learning about wine
C．his online security has been threatened
D．his wine business really took off
22．Why would people most probably visit Smart Passive Income?
A．To learn how to find a job online.
B．To learn how to make money online.
C．To read very inspiring real-life stories.
D．To know about the history of various websites.
23．What can we learn from these bloggers’ experiences?
A．Being a successful blogger is very difficult.
B．The Internet has greatly influenced our life.
C．Successful bloggers can make a great fortune.
D．Everyone can succeed as long as he doesn’t quit.
【答案】21．D 22．B 23．C
【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了幾個成功的博客主創(chuàng)建博客，通過博客獲得財富的故事。
21．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Through online video blogging, he built his wine business from a $3-million-dollar a year wine retail store to a $60-million-dollar wine wholesale business. Gary Vaynerchuk has built a multi-million-dollar empire relating to his personal brand(通過在線視頻博客，他建立了自己的葡萄酒生意，從每年300萬美元的葡萄酒零售商店，到6000萬美元的葡萄酒批發(fā)生意。 加里·沃伊涅爾查克已經(jīng)建立了一個價值數(shù)百萬美元的個人品牌帝國)”可知，在建立了自己的博客之后，加里·沃伊涅爾查克的葡萄酒事業(yè)突飛猛進，取得成功。故選D。
22．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的“He started a website called Smart Passive Income to track his progress with various websites and online money-making- projects. He has since built massive followers and readership thanks to his honesty(他創(chuàng)建了一個名為“智能被動收入”的網(wǎng)站，跟蹤自己在各種網(wǎng)站和在線賺錢項目上的進展。 由于他的誠實，他已經(jīng)建立了大量的追隨者和讀者)”可知，人們通過訪問Smart Passive Income可以了解如何在網(wǎng)上賺錢，這是人們訪問它的原因。故選B。
23．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Gary Vaynerchuk has built a multi-million-dollar empire relating to his personal brand（加里·沃伊涅爾查克已經(jīng)建立了一個價值數(shù)百萬美元的個人品牌帝國 )”，第三段中的“The company makes millions of dollars each month(這家公司每月賺數(shù)百萬美元)”和第四段中的“On launch day in 2013, the blog reportedly took in over $330,000, charging $20/month per reader(據(jù)報道，在2013年推出的那天，該博客收入超過33萬美元，每位讀者每月收費20美元)”可知，這幾個博客主通過自己的博客都賺了很多錢。由此可知，成功的博客主可以發(fā)財。故選C。
B
As a dad of 4 children, Joel Wegener of Loveland, Ohio, is always looking out for his kids. That includes Mary Kate, who is 18. She has Down syndrome, which, unfortunately, has made it difficult for her to find employment.
Mary Kate finished up at Pathways, a program designed for people of all abilities, not long ago. While she was there, she was often asked questions about what she would like to do. Her answer: “I wanna work with Papa.” That's when Joel decided to take action to make her dreams come true.
One of his first steps was buying an ice cream truck. Fittingly, he was able to purchase one from another family with special needs in Indiana, Soon after, his wife came up with a perfect name for their new business: Special Neat Treats.
Although their business is still relatively new, they're already a massive hit! In fact, according to Joel, they're “exceeding expectations” with thousands of desserts sold. They're even planning on expanding outside of the Cincinnati area with more trucks next summer.
All the while, Joel is spending precious time with his child and teaching her valuable financial and social skills, such as how to manage money and how to interact with customers. One thing the teen loves best is smiling and waving to customers who, according to Mary, go crazy for their ice cream!
Joel created this business for his kid, but their mission goes beyond their family. It's about the special needs community as a whole - and raising awareness about the difficulties they face.
Joel shows other parents there is something creative out of the box that we can come up for our family and for our kids to do.
“Almost every time I find a family with special needs, it's just been an unbelievable journey,” Joel said. “No matter what your abilities are, there's something that you can do and you can spread joy and interact with other people.”
24．Why did Joel start an ice cream truck business?
A．To raise money for Mary's disease. B．To help a family with special needs.
C．To satisfy his daughter's inner desire D．To develop Mary's further potentials.
25．What is the focus of paragraph 4?
A．The impact of the new family business. B．The popularity of the family business.
C．The long-term plan of the new company. D．The quality of desserts the business sold.
26．What is Mary Kate most interested in while working with Joel?
A．Learning financial and social skills. B．Serving customers with enthusiasm.
C．Travelling around the whole country D．Appreciating the delicious ice cream.
27．What message does Joel want to show behind his family business?
A．Special community need more care and love B．Covernment should solve teenage problems
C．Parents are to accompany children all the time. D．Kids can learn a lot from traveling with parents.
【答案】24．C 25．B 26．B 27．A
【解析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章敘述了Joel做冰淇淋車生意幫助自己患唐氏綜合癥的女兒實現(xiàn)夢想的故事。
24．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Her answer: “I wanna work with Papa.” That's when Joel decided to take action to make her dreams come true.(她回答說：“我想和爸爸一起工作?！本驮谀菚r，Joel決定采取行動，讓她的夢想成真)”可知，Joel開始做冰淇淋車生意是為了實現(xiàn)女兒的夢想。故選C。
25．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段“Although their business is still relatively new, they're already a massive hit! In fact, according to Joel, they're “exceeding expectations” with thousands of desserts sold. They're even planning on expanding outside of the Cincinnati area with more trucks next summer(雖然他們的業(yè)務(wù)還相對較新，但他們已經(jīng)獲得了巨大的成功！事實上，據(jù)Joel說，他們賣出了數(shù)千種甜點，“超出了預(yù)期”。他們甚至計劃在明年夏天向辛辛那提地區(qū)以外的地區(qū)擴展，推出更多的卡車)”可知，第四段重點講述的是這一家族生意的受歡迎程度。故選B。
26．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中“One thing the teen loves best is smiling and waving to customers who, according to Mary, go crazy for their ice cream!(據(jù)Mary說，這個青少年最喜歡的一件事就是微笑并向顧客揮手，這些顧客為他們的冰淇淋而瘋狂！)”可知，Mary Kate最喜歡的事是微笑著招呼客人。故選B。
27．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段““Almost every time I find a family with special needs, it's just been an unbelievable journey,” Joel said. “No matter what your abilities are, there's something that you can do and you can spread joy and interact with other people.”(“幾乎每次我找到有特殊需求的家庭，這都是一段難以置信的旅程，”Joel說?！盁o論你的能力如何，總有一件事是你可以做的，你可以傳播快樂，與他人互動?！?”并結(jié)合文章主要敘述Joel做冰淇淋車生意幫助自己患唐氏綜合癥的女兒實現(xiàn)夢想。由此推知，Joel做生意也在傳遞一種信息，即關(guān)愛特殊群體。故選A。
C
No one has ever seen a teenage elephant hesitantly sit down at the family dinner table with earphones on and occasionally give one-word answers to questions. However, it turns out that adolescent elephants (elephants which are no longer children but not yet adults) exhibit other behaviors that parents of human teens might recognize.
“They’re innocent. They have a lot to learn and they make mistakes,” Cynthia Moss, an elephant expert in Kenya said.
This is particularly true for male elephants. They learn that if they ruin crops, they get beaten up and then die. “It’s just like young human males who drive too fast,” Moss said.
Barbara Natterson, a Harvard biologist pointed out that adolescent animals frequently put themselves in danger intentionally. This behavior is seen throughout the animal world. The adults of any species may consider some actions of their young low-judgment and high-risk; however, these actions actually serve a purpose.
An example is a practice called “predator (捕食者) inspection” which means adolescent animals approach predators rather than run away. The trade-off for the danger is that they can watch, smell and learn about the predator. They gather all kinds of information that can keep them safer as adults.
The idea that adolescents are hard-wired to take these risks can help people understand human teens’ behavior.
“Teens seem driven to try new things and test boundaries in their own version of ‘predator inspection’,” Natterson said. “They try to have as many experiences as they can before they leave the nest.”
Another key aspect of adolescence is an increase in time spent wandering in groups. Adolescence is marked by high levels of peer pressure as well as near-disaster. Scientists have found that adolescents of all kinds are more likely to make dangerous moves while with peers.
Laurence Steinberg, a psychology professor at Temple University, found similarities between mice and human group adolescent behavior. He set up two experiments. One involved mice, half of which were adolescents, drinking ethanol-.spiked (添加乙醇的) water. The other involved human teens playing a video game that reproduced driving conditions.
“We found that in the presence of peers, adolescent mice drank more than they do when they’re alone,” Steinberg said, “and that the teenagers in the driving study also took more risks when others were around.”
These findings fit with what Steinberg says is another multi-species adolescent quality: the desire to socialize.
“For the most part, adolescents, human and animal alike, prefer to be with other adolescents,” Steinberg said. “If I say teenagers are social animals, I think the word ‘a(chǎn)nimal’ is just as important in that sentence as the word ‘social’.”
While doing their study, both Natterson and Steinberg were raising a human teen in their homes. Their desire to understand animals was driven by wanting to understand their own children. They hope their findings will help people who are raising adolescents.
28．According to Natterson, what is a risky but valuable action for adolescent animals?
A．Watching enemies’ behavior up close.
B．Observing an adult hunting a large animal.
C．Challenging predators with other adolescents.
D．Gathering information with the help of parents.
29．Steinberg’s experiments found ______.
A．a(chǎn)dolescent animals are less likely to get drunk while with peers
B．teenagers are not willing to be sociable in the presence of peers
C．both adolescent animals and human teens are affected by peer pressure
D．peer pressure is more common in adolescent animals than in human teens
30．What does the underlined sentence mean?
A．Adolescent animals long to socialize with teenagers.
B．Socializing with peers is one quality that adolescents share.
C．“Social” is a word that can be interpreted in different ways.
D．The importance of socializing has been realized by teenagers.
【答案】28．A 29．C 30．B
【解析】這是一篇說明文。主要說明實驗證明青少年動物和青少年人類類似，會故意冒險、受到同伴壓力的影響。
28．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“An example is a practice called “predator (捕食者) inspection” which means adolescent animals approach predators rather than run away. The trade-off for the danger is that they can watch, smell and learn about the predator. They gather all kinds of information that can keep them safer as adults.”（一個例子是一種稱為“捕食者檢查”的做法，這意味著青少年動物接近捕食者而不是逃跑。危險的代價是它們可以觀察、嗅到和了解捕食者。它們收集各種各樣的信息，使它們成年后更安全。）可知，對于青少年動物來說，接近它們的敵人——捕食者，并觀察捕食者的行為是危險但有價值的。故選A項。
29．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第四段““We found that in the presence of peers, adolescent mice drank more than they do when they’re alone,” Steinberg said, “and that the teenagers in the driving study also took more risks when others were around.””（斯坦伯格說：“我們發(fā)現(xiàn)，在有同齡人在場的情況下，青少年老鼠比它們獨自一人時喝得更多，而且駕駛研究中的青少年在別人在場時也會冒更多的風(fēng)險?！保┛芍?，青少年動物和人類會受到同伴壓力的影響。故選C項。
30．詞句猜測題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段““For the most part, adolescents, human and animal alike, prefer to be with other adolescents,” Steinberg said.”（斯坦伯格說：“在大多數(shù)情況下，青少年，無論是人還是動物，都喜歡和其他青少年在一起?！保┛芍?，斯坦伯格認(rèn)為青少年的動物和人類都喜歡和其他青少年在一起，動物和人類是類似的，都具有與同齡人交往的特征，劃線句子表示“與同齡人交往是青少年共有的一種特征。”故選B項。
D
A quiet space is often considered essential for achieving the concentration that leads to academic success. But research shows that some students may benefit from breaking the silence with certain kinds of music while they study. Music has a powerful influence on both the body and the brain, in ways that can help students navigate the physical and emotional barriers that come with academic challenges.
One U.S. study compared students who took a test to soft music with those who took the test under silent conditions. The study found that students taking a test to music not only completed more questions within a set time but also answered more questions correctly. Music has been further linked to improvements in memory and recall. Experts have found that when music stimulates mood and motivation, students are able to learn more and to better demonstrate their knowledge.
A bit of mood music affects more than just memory and recall when students hit the books. Music can also relieve stress associated with school. Scientists have learned that music engages the autonomic nervous system, which not only controls the unconscious functions of the body but also influences emotions. So it’s no surprise that researchers from the Group Health Research Institute concluded that certain kinds of background music can be just as effective at reducing stress as a massage. Furthermore, while the brain feels better with music, the body may as well. Research shows that certain types of music can make physical pain feel less intense. What’s more, calming music with a steady, meditative rhythm can help people sleep longer and more deeply.
However, some educators express concern that listening to music while trying to concentrate may do more harm than good. Loud music may have a negative influence on a student’s mood or act as a distraction. Actually, the best approach may depend on the students themselves. Listening to music during study time may not mean a guaranteed A for all students, but those who find it helpful should be allowed to plug in their headphones.
31．What does the underlined word “navigate” in the first paragraph probably mean?
A．Recognize. B．Overcome. C．Assess. D．Create.
32．What can we learn from this passage?
A．Music helps students get rid of physical pain.
B．Loud music has the same calming effect as a massage.
C．Listening to music makes it easier for students to multitask.
D．Music helps students better remember relevant information.
33．The author writes Paragraph 3 mainly to ________.
A．present the effects of music on mind and body
B．compare the functions of different types of music
C．confirm the impacts of music on memory and recall
D．give examples of the influences of music on emotions
34．Which of the following would be the best title for this passage?
A．The Power of Silence B．Music to a Sharper Mind
C．The Score to Better Scores D．Road to Academic Success
【答案】31．B 32．D 33．A 34．C
【解析】本文是說明文。文章主要介紹音樂對身體和大腦的積極影響，它可以幫助學(xué)生克服學(xué)業(yè)障礙，進而獲得更好的成績。
31．詞句猜測題。根據(jù)句中“help students (幫助學(xué)生)”和劃線詞后“the physical and emotional barriers (身體和情感上的障礙)”可推知，劃線詞navigate是“幫助學(xué)生克服障礙”，與overcome同義。故選B項。
32．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“The study found that students taking a test to music not only completed more questions within a set time but also answered more questions correctly. Music has been further linked to improvements in memory and recall.(研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，參加音樂測試的學(xué)生不僅在規(guī)定的時間內(nèi)完成了更多的問題，而且答對了更多的問題。音樂還與記憶力和回憶能力的提升有進一步的聯(lián)系)”可知，音樂可以幫助學(xué)生更好地記住相關(guān)信息。故選D項。
33．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“A bit of mood music affects more than just memory and recall when students hit the books. Music can also relieve stress associated with school.(當(dāng)學(xué)習(xí)時，一點情緒音樂不僅是影響記憶和回憶。音樂還可以緩解與學(xué)校有關(guān)的壓力)”、“Research shows that certain types of music can make physical pain feel less intense.(研究表明，某些類型的音樂可以讓身體上的疼痛感覺不那么強烈)”和“What’s more, calming music with a steady, meditative rhythm can help people sleep longer and more deeply.(更重要的是，沉穩(wěn)的、有冥想節(jié)奏的舒緩音樂可以幫助人們睡得更長、更深)”可推知，第三段主要是為了列舉音樂對身心的影響。故選A項。
34．主旨大意題。通讀全文并結(jié)合第一段“Music has a powerful influence on both the body and the brain, in ways that can help students navigate the physical and emotional barriers that come with academic challenges. (音樂對身體和大腦都有強大的影響，可以幫助學(xué)生克服學(xué)業(yè)挑戰(zhàn)帶來的身體和情感障礙)”可知，文章主要介紹音樂對身體和大腦的積極影響，可以幫助學(xué)生克服學(xué)業(yè)障礙，獲得更好的成績。C項“The Score to Better Scores(音樂助力高分)”是文章最佳標(biāo)題。故選C項。
第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，共10分）
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑．選項中有兩項為多余選項．
How Culture Affects Cuisine
It probably happened to you: You ate this incredible dessert in Turkey, you tried this fantastic dish in Spain, and you brought the recipe back home — just to feel the disappointment that what you cooked at home didn’t pass the taste test.
It’s likely that groceries have different qualities in different countries. In the case of the United States and Europe this has very little to do with soil or climate. ____35____ Consumers in the U.S. have other preferences in groceries than most Europeans. It comes down to culture.
Europeans often value quality more than quantity. Of course you will find out-of-season produce on the shelves of grocery stores as well. ___36___ Europeans especially are willing to give up short-term gain for a much greater long-term result.
Take, for example, Italians produce dry-cured ham (干腌火腿) only during the waning moon that follows the full moon and it is practiced to this day. According to old farmer’s lore, the meat could go bad, if it isn’t cured by the moon. ____37____
However, Americans believe in progress and the benefits of technology. It becomes clear why following tradition doesn’t have to be a strong value. Food for U.S. consumers is produced and shipped across the country. ____38____ The industrialization of food production results in new breeds of produce. The population growth calls for higher quantities. Farmers and growers are paid for the amount, not for the flavor.
____39____ European cultures are rather regional, and this means food traditions have remained undamaged in fairly small areas. Within these regions and communities people often shop locally from regional producers. And they shop more frequently than Americans. Europeans often go to the local market daily whereas millions of shoppers in the U.S. purchase one or two weeks’ supply of groceries in one single visit to the big box store.
All these consumer choices, based on cultural behaviors, have had a lasting impact on how our food is grown and what it tastes like.
A．Geography plays another role here.
B．Refrigeration makes it possible to store foods longer.
C．However, demand for better quality is greater in their countries.
D．This great interest in culinary (烹飪的) tradition is a cultural feature.
E．The main reason why produce tastes different here and there is choice.
F．Food provides the world with one of the only ways to universally communicate.
G．Often our culinary preferences have an effect on the vacation destinations we choose.
【答案】35．E 36．C 37．D 38．B 39．A
【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了文化是如何影響菜品烹飪的。
35．根據(jù)后文“Consumers in the U.S. have other preferences in groceries than most Europeans.(與大多數(shù)歐洲人相比，美國消費者對貨品有其他偏好)”中的“preferences”可知，美國人和歐洲人的選擇不同，即E項“The main reason why produce tastes different here and there is choice.(各地制作出的口味不同的主要原因在于選擇)”所表達的含義。故選E。
36．C項“However, demand for better quality is greater in their countries.(然而，他們國家對更好質(zhì)量的需求更大)”中的“better quality”與前文“Europeans often value quality more than quantity.(歐洲人通常重視質(zhì)量而不是數(shù)量)”中的“quality”呼應(yīng)。故選C。
37．根據(jù)前文“According to old farmer’s lore, the meat could go bad, if it isn’t cured by the moon.(根據(jù)這位老農(nóng)的傳說，如果不在月光下腌制，肉可能會變質(zhì))”可知，D項“This great interest in culinary (烹飪的) tradition is a cultural feature.(這種對烹飪傳統(tǒng)的濃厚興趣是一種文化特征)”中的“tradition”呼應(yīng)了“l(fā)ore”，同時呼應(yīng)了后文中的“tradition”。故選D。
38．根據(jù)后文“The industrialization of food production results in new breeds of produce.(食品生產(chǎn)的工業(yè)化激發(fā)了新的產(chǎn)物)”可知，B項“Refrigeration makes it possible to store foods longer.(冷藏設(shè)備使得食物儲存時間變長成為可能)”中的“Refrigeration”就是基于食品生產(chǎn)工業(yè)化的新產(chǎn)物。故選B。
39．后文“European cultures are rather regional(歐洲文化是相當(dāng)?shù)赜蛐缘? ”中的“regional”呼應(yīng)了A項“Geography plays another role here.(地理環(huán)境也起著作用)”中的“Geography”，說明地理也是一個影響因素。故選A。
第三部分 書面表達（共兩節(jié)，32分）
第一節(jié)（共4小題；第40、41題各2分，第42題3分，第43題5分，共12分）
閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求用英文回答問題。
If the sun has enough power to warm and light the whole earth, it must have enough power to do other things, too. Can we use the sun’s abundant energy to supply electricity, or at least to perform the functions which electricity or other types of power usually perform? The answer is yes.
For example, people have for many years been using the reflected heat of the sun to cook. Solar cookers have been built with several curved mirrors reflecting the sun and focusing its heat on the cooking component. This equipment can be used just like a gas or electric stove; it is more expensive to make but it does not need any fuel, and so costs nothing to use. Another possibility of using solar energy is in house-heating.
The form of energy we use most is electricity, and every day more is needed. But electricity has to be made, too, and to make it ______ are required—oil, coal, gas and nowadays even uranium.
The question which worries everyone today is: how long will these fuels last? Nobody knows it for sure, but most experts think it will soon be difficult to obtain sufficient electricity from these sources. It is possible that the sun can make a contribution here, too.
Solar power has already been used to produce terrific heat. In Southern France a solar furnace (huge stove) has been built, where temperatures reach more than 3,000°C．This furnace is only used for experiments at present, but could be used to produce steam for a power station.
40．What is the main idea of the passage? (Please answer within 10 words)
41．Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one?
The sun can also make it possible for us to get a large quantity of electricity instead of from other fuels.
42．Please fill in the blank in the third paragraph with proper words or phrases to complete the sentence. (Please answer within 10 words)
43．Which can last longer, the ordinary fuels or solar energy? What shall we do to have enough electricity? (Please answer within 30 words)
44．Translate the underline sentence in the second paragraph into Chinese.
【答案】40．The use of solar energy/ power. /How to use solar energy/power.
41．It is possible that the sun can make a contribution here, too.
42．large quantities of fuel/a large quantity of fuels/a great many fuels/a variety of fuels.
43．Solar energy. First we’ll do our best to save electricity anytime and anywhere, and meanwhile take advantage of solar energy to obtain more electricity.
44．這種設(shè)備具有類似汽爐、 電爐的功能；其造價高，但不需要燃料，無本萬利。
【解析】這是一篇說明文。文中主要介紹了太陽能可以被用來提供電力和房屋供暖，介紹了其具體的運作方式以及太陽能的優(yōu)勢。
40．考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段“If the sun has enough power to warm and light the whole earth, it must have enough power to do other things, too. Can we use the sun’s abundant energy to supply electricity, or at least to perform the functions which electricity or other types of power usually perform? The answer is yes.(如果太陽有足夠的能量溫暖和照亮整個地球，它也一定有足夠的能量做其他事情。我們能否利用太陽豐富的能量來提供電力，或至少執(zhí)行電力或其他類型的電力通常執(zhí)行的功能？答案是肯定的)”結(jié)合文中主要介紹了太陽能可以被用來提供電力和房屋供暖，介紹了其具體的運作方式以及太陽能的優(yōu)勢?？芍?，這篇文章的主旨是太陽能的使用或如何使用太陽能。故答案為The use of solar energy/ power. /How to use solar energy/power.
41．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)題干中給出的句子“The sun can also make it possible for us to get a large quantity of electricity instead of from other fuels.”可知，其意思是“太陽也可以使我們獲得大量的電力，而不是從其他燃料”，與文中倒數(shù)第二段“The question which worries everyone today is: how long will these fuels last? Nobody knows it for sure, but most experts think it will soon be difficult to obtain sufficient electricity from these sources. It is possible that the sun can make a contribution here, too.(現(xiàn)在每個人都擔(dān)心的問題是：這些燃料能使用多久？沒有人確切地知道，但大多數(shù)專家認(rèn)為，很快將很難從這些來源獲得足夠的電力。太陽也有可能在這里做出貢獻)”中的“It is possible that the sun can make a contribution here, too.(太陽也有可能在這里做出貢獻)”一句意思相符。故答案為It is possible that the sun can make a contribution here, too.
42．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)畫線詞后文“oil, coal, gas and nowadays even uranium”列舉了石油、煤、天然氣，還有鈾這些各種燃料，可知，要制造電力需要大量的燃料，故第三段的空白處可以填入“大量燃料/大量燃料/許多燃料/各種燃料”。故答案為large quantities of fuel/a large quantity of fuels/a great many fuels/a variety of fuels.
43．考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“The question which worries everyone today is: how long will these fuels last? Nobody knows it for sure, but most experts think it will soon be difficult to obtain sufficient electricity from these sources. It is possible that the sun can make a contribution here, too.(現(xiàn)在每個人都擔(dān)心的問題是：這些燃料能使用多久？沒有人確切地知道，但大多數(shù)專家認(rèn)為，很快將很難從這些來源獲得足夠的電力。太陽也有可能在這里做出貢獻)”可知，普通燃料和太陽能相比，太陽能壽命更長，首先，我們將盡最大努力隨時隨地省電，同時利用太陽能獲得更多的電力。故答案為Solar energy. First we’ll do our best to save electricity anytime and anywhere, and meanwhile take advantage of solar energy to obtain more electricity.
44．考查句子翻譯。畫線詞句子“This equipment can be used just like a gas or electric stove; it is more expensive to make but it does not need any fuel, and so costs nothing to use.”中equipment表示“設(shè)備”；短語be used表示“被用”；just like表示“類似”；a gas or electric stove意為“汽爐或電爐”；expensive表示“昂貴的”；fuel表示“燃料”；costs nothing to use可以理解為“無本萬利”。故答案為：這種設(shè)備具有類似汽爐、 電爐的功能；其造價高，但不需要燃料，無本萬利。
第二節(jié)（20分）
假設(shè)你是李華，你在高中畢業(yè)后，被邀請回到母校，作為嘉賓參加學(xué)校英文社團舉辦的英語朗誦比賽(English Reciting Competition)，并在賽后跟大家分享提高英語朗誦的方法。請你根據(jù)以下提示寫一篇發(fā)言稿，內(nèi)容包括：
1.祝賀并表達你的觀看感受；
2.提高英語朗誦的方法。
注意：1.詞數(shù)在100字左右；
2.發(fā)言稿的開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。
Good afternoon, everyone!
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Thank you for your listening!
【答案】?????????????Good afternoon, everyone! I’m honored to stand here. Let me congratulate all the participants on their wonderful reciting performances. Watching the competition, I suddenly recalled the time when I took part in the competition in the high school. I feel very excited and delighted.
As a former winner of the competition, I do want to share some reciting skills with you. Reading aloud every morning is the best way to develop your sense of English. It is also effective to use the English Dubbing APPs to improve your own pronunciation. The more we try to speak like a native speaker, the better the accuracy and tones will be improved.
At last I do hope all of you can take an active part in such kind of activities and fall in love with English learning.
Thank you for your listening!


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