人教版新目標(biāo)中考語法講解　代詞課件PPT

這是一份人教版新目標(biāo)中考語法講解　代詞課件PPT，共60頁。PPT課件主要包含了考點攻略，語篇運用，易錯集訓(xùn)，備考訓(xùn)練，第三節(jié)　代詞，形式變化表，anywhere，Neither，many，固定搭配法等內(nèi)容，歡迎下載使用。
第一部分　 語法專題
分析廣東近幾年的中考真題可知，代詞為每年的必考點，主要出現(xiàn)在語法選擇和短文填空中。
人稱代詞、物主代詞、反身代詞
二、人稱代詞的用法1．人稱代詞的形式
2. 人稱代詞的排列順序 一般情況下，人稱代詞作并列主語時，單數(shù)人稱二、三、一，復(fù)數(shù)人 稱一、二、三，認(rèn)錯擔(dān)責(zé)“我(們)”第一，人稱相同男在前，人稱代詞和 人名同時出現(xiàn)時，人名在前，人稱代詞在后。如： (1)Yu, he and I all passed the exams. 你、他和我都通過了考試。
(2)We, yu and they agreed n the plan. 我們、你們和他們都同意 這個計劃。(3)I and my brther made ur parents angry. 我和我的兄弟惹我們 的父母生氣了。(4)He and she are bth gd at speaking English. 他和她都擅長說英 語。(5)Jack and I are in Class 3, Grade 9.杰克和我都在九年級三班。
人稱代詞主賓格，作用不同莫用錯。主格動詞前做主，動詞介詞后賓格。yu和it主賓同，其他主賓須分清。人稱代詞并列現(xiàn)，尊重他人禮當(dāng)先。單數(shù)人稱二三一，復(fù)數(shù)人稱一二三。若把錯誤責(zé)任擔(dān)，第一人稱我靠前。
三、物主代詞的分類及用法
物主代詞分兩種，形容詞性名詞性。形容詞性能力差，自己不能來當(dāng)家。句子當(dāng)中作定語，身后定把名詞加。物主代詞名詞性，相當(dāng)名詞可單用。句中充當(dāng)主賓表，身后沒有名詞影。兩種代詞形不同，添個s形變名。his, its不用變，my變mine要記清。
四、反身代詞的用法反身代詞與被指代的名詞或代詞在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致，意為“本人、本身”。
1．(2019廣東改編)Nbdy taught the ld lady hw t use We Chat. She learned it all by . 2．(2018廣東改編)Bxing Day, the 26th f December, gt (it) name frm a time when many rich families gave bxes f gifts t pr peple wh had t wrk at Christmas.3．(2017廣東改編)Jessica used t be a manager at a big cmpany, but she gave up (she) jb when she became a mther.
4．(2021遼寧遼陽)—Yur spken English is perfect! —Thank yu. I think (yu) is better. Yu read English every mrning. 5．(2021湖北恩施州改編)Once rbts can think fr _____________ (they), prblems may appear.6．(2021湖北黃岡改編)—We'll have the P．E. test next week. I feel a little nervus. —Relax! Believe in (yu) and practice mre.
7．(2021遼寧朝陽改編)—Wh is that tall man ver there? —Oh, he is teacher and he teaches gegraphy. (we)8．(2021四川瀘州改編)—Is this Linda’s ntebk? —N, it’s mine. The thick ne n the desk is (she)．9．We all think that Jim (he) can slve the prblem.
1．sme與any兩者都意為“一些”，可以修飾或代替可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)及不可數(shù)名詞。
2.many與much
拓展：(1)t many＋可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，意為“太多……”。如： Yu made t many mistakes. 你犯的錯誤太多了。 (2)t much＋不可數(shù)名詞，意為“太多……”。如： Thanks fr ffering us t much infrmatin. 謝謝你給我們提供了這么 多信息。 (3)much t＋形容詞或副詞，常用于“t ... t...”結(jié)構(gòu)中，意為“太……”。 如：The bx was much t heavy t carry all the way hme. 箱子太 重了，不能一路搬回家。 (4)動詞＋t much，意為“……得多”。如： Remember nt t eat t much. 記住不要吃得太多。
3．few, a few, little與a little
4.bth, all, either, neither, nne與n ne
5.each與every
6.ther, the ther, thers, the thers與anther
7.復(fù)合不定代詞(1)復(fù)合不定代詞的構(gòu)成
(2)復(fù)合不定代詞的用法：①當(dāng)形容詞修飾不定代詞時，形容詞必須放在其后，即：不定代詞＋形 容詞。如： There is smething interesting in the bk. 書中有些有趣的事情。②不定代詞只能作主語、賓語和表語，不能作定語。作主語時，謂語動 詞一般用單數(shù)。如： Smene has turned ff the light. 有人把燈關(guān)了。
③不定代詞＋t d。如： Wuld yu like smething t drink？ 你想要一些喝的嗎？④everyne相當(dāng)于everybdy, anyne相當(dāng)于anybdy，只能指人，不與 f連用。every ne與any ne既可以指人，也可以指物，可接f短語。 如： Everyne in ur class wants t g t the z, but every ne f the students in yur class wants t play ftball. 我們班的每個人 都想去動物園，但是你們班的每個學(xué)生都想踢足球。
10．(2021江蘇宿遷改編)—Is here? —Yes. We are all ready.11．(2021云南改編)—Hell, Jenny. I can’t find my math bk . Did yu see it? —Srry, I didn’t.12．(2021湖北黃石改編)—Which dress d yu prefer, the red ne r the green ne? — . I like blue.13．Jim’s teacher is very angry because there are t mistakes in his hmewrk.
everybdy/everyne
14．I knw abut her experience because we dn't talk abut it ften.15．(2021江蘇常州改編) is better wrth my respect than Yuan Lngping. He is the pride f China.16．(2021江蘇連云港改編)Lk at the sign, please. Yu can park yur car n side f the street.17．(2021江蘇鹽城改編)—Why are yu laughing, Daniel? —There is funny in the newspaper. Cme and see.
little/nthing
18．(2021貴州銅仁改編)—This dress is t lng, please give me ne. —Sure, madam. Give it back t me and try n this ne.19．(2021山東東營改編)—Fur children were walking under a small umbrella. f them gt wet. Can yu guess why? —Because it was nt raining!20．There are five exercises, and f them takes ne r tw minutes t d.
1．指示代詞this, that, these與thse的用法
Tip: 打電話時用this介紹自己，用that詢問對方。如： Hell! This is Mary. Is that Jack speaking? 你好，我是瑪麗。 是杰克嗎？
2．it, ne與that的用法辨析三者均可作代詞，指代前文提到的事物，其區(qū)別如下：
it的其他用法(1)指天氣、時間、地點、距離等。如： It's getting htter and htter. 天氣變得越來越熱。 Hw far is it frm Guangzhu t Lndn? 廣東到倫敦有多遠(yuǎn)？(2)作形式賓語，常用在“find/think/make/feel it＋形容詞(＋fr sb.)＋ t d sth.”句型中，動詞不定式是真正的賓語。如： I find it very imprtant t learn English. 我發(fā)現(xiàn)學(xué)英語很重要。
(3)指代嬰兒、未知的人或用在電話用語中。如： —Smene is at the dr. 門口有人。 —Wh is it? 誰呀？(4)作形式主語，常用于以下句型： It's＋adj.＋t d sth. 做某事是……的。 It's＋adj.＋fr sb.＋t d sth. 對某人來說做某事是……的。 It's＋adj.＋f sb.＋t d sth. 某人做某事是……的。 It's time t d/fr/that... 是(做)……的時間了。 It seems that... 好像…… It takes/tk (sb.)＋一段時間＋t d sth. 做某事花費(某人)多長時間。
21．(2016廣東改編)—I am a little hungry, Daddy. —See the cupcakes n the plate? But yu can nly take . Dinner is ready sn.22．(2021甘肅武威改編) is nt plite t talk with yur muth full.23．(2021四川廣元改編)—Hw cld here! —Yes. The weather in Guangyuan is much clder than in yur hmetwn.24．(2021云南改編)—I think it is a gd way t study English by watching English mvies. —I agree. I find helpful t imprve my listening.
常用的疑問代詞包括what, which, wh, whm, whse等。疑問代詞用于特殊疑問句中，充當(dāng)一定的句子成分，如：主語、表語、賓語等。
拓展：疑問副詞包括why, when與hw。其中與hw相關(guān)的常見短語：★hw ften問頻率，“多久一次”，答語常為always, smetimes, twice a week等 表示頻率的詞或詞組?！飄w sn問時間，“還要多久，多久以內(nèi)”，答語常為“in＋一段時間”?！飄w lng問時間，“多久，多長時間”，答語常為“fr＋一段時間”或“since＋ 時間點”。還可以問長短，“多長”，答語常為“基數(shù)詞＋度量單位”?！飄w far問距離(是路程問題)，“多遠(yuǎn)”，答語常為表示距離的詞或詞組?！飄w ld問年齡，“多大，多少歲”?！飄w many “多少”，用來問可數(shù)名詞的數(shù)量?！飄w much，“多少，多少錢”，用來問不可數(shù)名詞的量或者價格。
25．(2021江蘇南通改編)— des May lk like? —She is a pretty girl with big bright eyes and lng straight hair.26．— vlleyball is this? —It must be Grace's. She lves vlleyball.27．(2021四川瀘州改編)— d yu have a sprts meeting in yur schl? —Once a year. We all like sprts.28．(2021山東濱州改編)— d yu think we can finish the reprt? —Perhaps in ne mre hur.
一、代詞在語法選擇中的運用 分析廣東近兩年的中考語法選擇可知，代詞考查了2次{人稱代詞考查了1次：2021(33.It)；形容詞性物主代詞考查了1次：2020(35.her)}。本考點在中招中的考查方式主要有：1.在名詞前，考形代 2.在動詞/介詞后，考賓格 3.在句首，考主格 4.在句末，考賓格、反身代詞、名代。針對該考點，考生需要根據(jù)句式結(jié)構(gòu)和上下文語境，分析代詞所在的位置，看清詞性；若選項有反身代詞，看清楚句子的主語，一般情況下，主語是誰，就用誰來反身，還要注意常見的固定搭配。
1．句式結(jié)構(gòu)與上下文判斷法
(改編自人教八下Unit 4 Sectin B 2b)Life fr Cathy Taylr's three children is very busy. “On mst days after schl，” Cathy says, “I take ne f my tw bys t basketball practice and my daughter t ftball training. Then I have t take my 29 sn t pian lessns. I believe these activities are imprtant fr my children's future. I really want 30 t be successful.”(　 　)29.A．ther B．the ther C．thers D．the thers(　 　)30.A．they B．them C．he D．him
二、代詞在短文填空中的運用 分析廣東近五年的中考短文填空可知，代詞考查了6次{人稱代詞考查了2次：2021(66.him)，2017(73.they)；形容詞性物主代詞考查了2次：2020(74.their)，2019(74.his)；反身代詞考查了1次：2018(80.himself)；疑問代詞考查了1次：2020(69.what)}。針對該考點，考生需要根據(jù)上下文語境，判斷代詞在句中所作的成分，還要注意常見的固定搭配。
解析：空處指代的是上文出現(xiàn)的“ne man”，且該空位于動詞后，作賓語。故用人稱代詞he的賓格形式him。make sb. d sth.“讓某人做某事”，故填him。
句式結(jié)構(gòu)與上下文判斷法1．人稱代詞作賓語，用在動詞后
2．形容詞性物主代詞作定語，用在名詞前
3．形容詞性物主代詞作定語，用在固定搭配中
附：常見的形容詞性物主代詞的固定搭配
4.反身代詞作賓語，用在動詞后
5．人稱代詞作主語，用在動詞前
(改編自人教九全Unit 8 Sectin A 3a)We live in a small twn and almst everyne knws each 31. . Nthing much ever happened arund here. Hwever, these days, 32._____________ unusual is happening in ur twn. Everyne in ur twn is feeling uneasy, and everyne has 33. r her wn ideas.
一、混用表示兩者和三者的不定代詞。1．Dn't be angry with yur deskmate when he makes a mistake a gain because (neither/nne) f us are perfect after all.2．There are fur bedrms in the villa, (each/every) with its wn bathrm.3．Frank has tw brthers. (Neither/Nne) f them likes chclate, but Frank lves it.
4．If the plants n the earth die, humans and animals wn't be able t live. (all/bth)5．The schl ffers tw curses n cmputer technlgy. One is fr beginners and the is fr thse wh already have sme basic knwledge.6．I dn't like the style f this T-shirt. Please shw me ne.7．Which f the fllwing wrds has a different sund frm the ？
二、混用it, ne, that。8．Is the ppulatin f Guangdng Prvince larger than f Yunnan?9．—I lst my pen and I culdn't find anywhere. —There are many pens in the bx. Just take .
三、不定代詞易錯點。10．—Wuld yu like sme chicken? —Yes, please. It's my favrite. I think is mre delicius than chicken.11．Jim sld mst f his things. He has hardly left in the huse.12．—Have all the students left the classrm? —Yes. is in it.
1．(2021重慶B卷改編)The ld man ften tells them interesting stries, s they like very much.2．(2021四川遂寧改編)—I bught a skirt fr . I hpe yu like it. —Thank yu, mm. I can't wait t try n. 3．(2021遼寧盤錦改編)Judy and Lily like sprts, and ften play vlleyball after schl.
4．(2021四川成都改編)—Lily, is this blue pencil bx Steve's? —N, it isn't. is black. 5．(2021湖南益陽改編)—The watch in yur hand lks nice. Is it ？ —Yes, but I will give it t Kate as birthday present.6．(2021湖南株洲改編)Dn't play with the knife, r yu'll cut ．7．(2021云南昆明改編)Tai chi, part f Chinese culture, is an exercise which helps peple imprve in health.
8．(2021內(nèi)蒙古包頭改編)—When shall I cme t yur hme, in the mrning r afternn? — . I'll be in all day. 9．(2020遼寧撫順改編)I kncked at the dr but answered. Maybe they went t the cncert.10．(2020甘肅天水改編) —I want t buy special fr my grandpa t make him happy. —That's a gd idea.
一、語法選擇 Tday，I felt unhappy with my head full f prblems，s I decided t take a walk even thugh I didn't knw where I wuld g.The mst amazing thing 1 when I was walking alng the street.
I saw 2 ld man，ver seventy years ld，sitting n a chair.He was a seller f secnd-hand shes.He seemed s helpless and 3 was buying his shes.Then，a little girl came twards him.I heard the girl say in a plite vice, “Grandfather,may I clean 4 shes?” That ld man agreed and passed her a she.The girl said, “I d this because I want t earn 5 mney t buy my brther a new schl unifrm.”
I heard this and tears came t my eyes.T 6 surprise, the ld man said, “Oh, little girl, just stp ding this.Cme with me and I will buy 7 fr yu.” T see what wuld happen, I fllwed. 8 walked t a shp. There the ld man really gave her a unifrm which must have cst 9 a lt.The girl was excited and said, “Thank yu s much 10 ding this.” Then she left, leaving the ld man smiling. I began t realize that a little act can brighten up smene's day.
(　 　)1.A．happens B．happened C．happening D．is happening(　 　)2.A．/ B．a(chǎn)C．a(chǎn)n D．the(　 　)3.A．smebdy B．a(chǎn)nybdy C．everybdy D．nbdy(　 　)4.A．yu B．yur C．yurs D．yurself
(　 　)5.A．sme B．a(chǎn)ny C．little D．few(　 　)6.A．I B．me C．my D．myself(　 　)7.A．it B．ne C．this D．that(　 　)8.A．They B．Them C．Their D．Theirs
(　 　)9.A．she B．her C．he D．him(　 　)10.A．t B．with C．f D．fr
二、短文填空 Travel can teach kids mre than a textbk. Traveling with kids is gd fr 1. . They can find new interests. Travel makes infrmatin alive fr kids, and makes it much mre exciting than studying textbks r 2. experiments in the lab. While traveling, they learn 3. t deal with new situatins. They learn patience, because smetimes 4. takes a lng time t get t sme exciting r interesting places.
I've been traveling since I was seven years ld. Fr me, t stp traveling wuld be like taking smething away frm my sul(靈魂). I can't live 5. traveling and I wuldn't be wh I am if I dn't travel. Sme peple think it's 6. t travel after having kids. But in my 7. , when peple becme parents, it desn’t mean they culdn’t travel any mre. My children have been traveling since they were three weeks ld.
difficult/hard