2022屆甘肅省蘭州市高三下學(xué)期4月一診（一模）英語試題（原卷版+解析版）-試卷下載-教習(xí)網(wǎng)

?2022年蘭州市高三診斷考試
英語
注意事項:
1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考號填寫在答題卡相應(yīng)的位置上。
2.作答時，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。
3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。
第一部分閱讀理解( 共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)
第一節(jié) (共15小題; 每小題2分，滿分30分)
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。
A
Ever wanted to learn a new language? Or maybe you need to speak a different language, for work or personal reasons? Here are some apps that will help you talk smartly in some nations on earth.
Living Language (Spanish)
The standard bearer (領(lǐng)袖) for language-learning apps, this series of apps from Random House Digital presents real language courses that teach vocabulary and grammar with some fun interactive games thrown in. The free download gets you eleven free lessons, but you can unlock the full app for $14.99, getting you all 46 lessons.Random House Digital has similar apps available for learning French, Italian, German, Chinese, and Japanese.
Learn a Language with Michel Thomas
This one hails from the U.K., where Thomas' method for learning new languages has garnered some heavy-hitter endorsements (贊同) from the likes of Woody Allen, Emma Thompson, and Stephen Fry. Thomas teaches you with a simple, but highly effective process: “you listen, he explains, you speak.” Lessons run an hour a piece, and you buy the hour lessons you want from inside the free app, for $4.99 a pop. Lessons are available for Spanish, French, Italian, and German.
Mango Languages
One of the most comprehensive apps is also the most cost-effective — it’s free! No in-app purchases, no nothing. It offers classes for 35 foreign languages and 15 English as-a-second-language. The catch is that it requires a connection to your local library, and only if your library has a Mango Languages subscription. It teaches not only vocabulary and grammar, but also pronunciation (by native speakers) and helpful cultural tips, such as slang usages of common words.Book 2
This one uses a novel 3-step method: you learn while listening, training, and sleeping. The app actually monitors your sleeping patterns and activates itself at the right time, playing its short sentences while you’re asleep, to enhance your recall. Lessons are available in-app for 40 different languages, but they’ll run you $3.99 each for anything more than a language’s first chapter.
1. How many languages can you learn from Thomas?
A. Four. B. Five. C. Six. D. Seven.
2. Which of the following apps can be used for free?
A. Book 2.
B. Mango Languages.
C. Living Language (Spanish).
D. Learn a Language with Michel Thomas.
3. What’s the feature of Book 2?
A. It can only be used in the UK.
B. It has access to your local library.
C. It can keep you learning even when you are asleep.
D. It teaches languages with some fun interactive games.
【1~3題答案】
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇應(yīng)用文。介紹了幾個語言學(xué)習(xí)的應(yīng)用軟件。
【1題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Learn a Language with Michel Thomas部分的“Lessons are available for Spanish, French, Italian, and German.”（可以學(xué)到西班牙語、法語、意大利語和德語的相關(guān)課程。）可知，從Thomas你可以學(xué)到四門語言，故選A。
【2題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Mango Languages部分的“One of the most comprehensive apps is also the most cost-effective — it’s free! ”（這不僅是最全面的軟件，也是最劃算的——它免費(fèi)?。┛芍?，Mango Languages可以免費(fèi)使用。故選B。
3題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Book 2部分的“The app actually monitors your sleeping patterns and activates itself at the right time, playing its short sentences while you’re asleep, to enhance your recall.”（這個軟件會監(jiān)測你的睡眠模式并且在合適的時間激發(fā)它，當(dāng)你在睡覺時為你播放短句，以增強(qiáng)你的記憶力。）可知，Book 2軟件的特點(diǎn)在于當(dāng)你睡覺時，它也能讓你持續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)，故選C。
B
I will never forget the first dessert class at a cooking school in France, where a group of anxious dessert students (myself included) were tasked with preparing an apple pie. It looked simple enough, but I soon realized that it was as far from simple as it could be. However, my knife and I mastered this French classic, as well as dozens of others.
After graduating, I found a job at a modern American restaurant in Florida. Despite the restaurant’s tiny kitchen, I was excited to work under Sylvia, the executive chef (主廚). The first job she gave me was to make apple pies. I couldn’t have been more excited — until I realized these pies were actually in the form of a dumpling. But my education had made me stick to French tradition. It took me a minute to get comfortable with this way of cooking again. Slowly, I was forgetting my French tradition, and beginning to go with the flow more. The response from diners was good. Our desserts were sold out on most days.
Then one day, chef Sylvia gave me the chance to make a new dessert and planned to add it to the menu for a week. Surprised and touched by the chance, I decided to go all out. I created a seasonal citrus mousse (柑橘慕斯) made with Florida oranges and pistachio croquant (a crisp, delicate cookie). But after a week, the apple pie dumplings continued to far outsell my special dessert. A sense of frustration went inside of me.
It finally made me aware that there isn’t one “right” way to understand a cuisine, or set of ingredients (配料). Where one chef can look at apples, butter, and flour and see a French apple pie, another might see baked apple dumplings. Even though each person’s translation may be different, I think they all deserve a spot on the table. And that was the most important lesson I discovered, through something as seemingly simple as fruit and dough (生面團(tuán)).
4. What makes the author feel surprised according to paragraph 2?
A. The tiny kitchen.
B. The shape of apple pies.
C. The restaurant’s tradition.
D. The French way of coking.
5. How was the author’s new dessert?
A. It wasn’t popular as expected.
B. It was thought highly of by Sylvia.C. It was removed from the menu.
D. It built up the author‘s confidence.
6. What did the author finally realize?
A. Foods stand for cultures.
B. Ingredients matter to cooking.
C. There is no fixed way for cooking.
D. Understanding a cuisine is necessary.
7. What is the text mainly about?
A. A job affecting one’s life.
B. A new dessert on the menu.
C. A special class at a cooking school.
D. A lesson taken as a dessert chef.
【4~7題答案】
【答案】4. B 5. A 6. C 7. D
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇記敘文。講述了作者在學(xué)習(xí)烹飪后來到餐廳，在主廚Sylvia的帶領(lǐng)下所經(jīng)歷的事情，最后作者明白了，烹飪沒有一種特定的正確的方式，也沒有一套特定的配料配方。
【4題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“I couldn’t have been more excited — until I realized these pies were actually in the form of a dumpling. But my education had made me stick to French tradition. It took me a minute to get comfortable with this way of cooking again.”（我十分地激動——直到我注意到這些蘋果派是做成餃子的形狀。但是我的教育讓我堅持法國傳統(tǒng)?；宋乙欢螘r間才看習(xí)慣這種烹飪方式。）可知，讓作者驚訝的是蘋果派竟是餃子形狀的，故選B。
【5題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“I created a seasonal citrus mousse (柑橘慕斯) made with Florida oranges and pistachio croquant (a crisp, delicate cookie). But after a week, the apple pie dumplings continued to far outsell my special dessert. A sense of frustration went inside of me.”（我用佛羅里達(dá)柑橘做了一種季節(jié)性的柑橘慕斯。但是一周后，餃子形狀的蘋果派的銷量仍然比我做的甜品高。我感到內(nèi)心很沮喪。）可知，作者做出的甜品并不是想象中那么受歡迎，故選A。
【6題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“It finally made me aware that there isn’t one “right” way to understand a cuisine, or set of ingredients (配料).”（最終，我明白了，對于烹飪，沒有一種極其正確的方法，也沒有一套特定的配料。）可知，最終作者明白了，烹飪沒有固定的方法，故選C。
【7題詳解】
主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“And that was the most important lesson I discovered, through something as seemingly simple as fruit and dough (生面團(tuán)).”（這就是我通過像水果和生面團(tuán)一樣簡單的東西所學(xué)到的最重要的一課。）可知，本篇文章主要是在講作者在甜點(diǎn)廚師這份工作中所學(xué)到的一課，故選D。
C
By CUI JIA | China Daily | Updated: 2022-02-12 Snowboarding pioneer Shaun White took his final bow at the bottom of the halfpipe course (U型槽) at the Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games on Friday, officially marking the end of his long and storied career as a professional snowboarder.No matter how hard the 35-year-old tried to hold back his emotions, it just got to be too much.
Although he wanted to do his best by performing two 1440s during his final run, he fell while attempting his second double cork 1440.Despite the fall, everyone cheered for the snowboarding legend at Genting Snow Park in Zhangjiakou as he stood back up and continued down the halfpipe.“Siding on my back, I was thinking, this isn't how I wanted it to go.You don't always get what you want, but I have to be thankful for everything I do have and what I have gotten in my career and that's why I'm very emotional.I can't believe it's over.It's wild," said White, who finished in fourth place.
From a young age, snowboarding was what White wanted to do more than anything.At 19,White took part in his first Winter Olympics in Turin in 2006 and scored gold.The victory changed his life forever and he became the sport's global superstar.
Meanwhile, he continued to push his limits by landing the first double cork in halfpipe and inventing the double McTwist 1260.Those tricks brought him three Olympic gold medals, as well as injuries, including the brutal (殘酷的) crash in 2018 when he slammed his head against the top of a superpipe, leading to 62 stitches (縫合) in his face in the lead-up to the Pyeongchang 2018 Winter Olympics.
“‘T'm not competing' doesn't mean I won't be here at the next Winter Olympics cheering on all my friends,”he said.“The future for me is so exciting.There is so much to do and so much to live for.This is just the beginning for me.”
8. What did White feel when he finished the competition?
A. He was worried about his future.
B. He was proud of his professional career.
C. He was doubtful about the result of the competition.D. He was satisfied with what he had done in the competition.
9. Why does the author mention White's serious injuries in paragraph 4?
A. To explain why he retired.
B. To describe the rules of snowboarding.
C. To show the hardship before his success.
D. To warn about the possible risks of snowboarding.
10. What can be inferred about Shaun White from the last paragraph?
A. He will compete in the next Winter Olympics.
B. He will continue to contribute to the ice-snow sports.
C. He won't talk about his early achievements any more.
D. He will try his best to make more friends in the future.
11. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A. Final Performance
B. Emotional Goodbye
C. How to Be a Great Snowboarder
D. Snowboarding-the World's Most Dangerous Sport
【8~11題答案】
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. B 11. B
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇新聞報道，介紹滑雪運(yùn)動員Shaun White。
【8題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“officially marking the end of his long and storied career as a professional snowboarder.No matter how hard the 35-year-old tried to hold back his emotions, it just got to be too much.”（正式標(biāo)志著他作為職業(yè)滑雪板運(yùn)動員漫長而傳奇的職業(yè)生涯的結(jié)束。無論35歲的他多么努力地控制自己的情緒，他的情緒還是太強(qiáng)烈了。）可知，他為自己的職業(yè)生涯感到自豪，故選B。
【9題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“Those tricks brought him three Olympic gold medals, as well as injuries, including the brutal crash in 2018 when he slammed his head against the top of a superpipe, leading to 62 stitches in his face in the lead-up to the Pyeongchang 2018 Winter Olympics.”（這些技巧讓他獲得了三枚奧運(yùn)會金牌，也讓他受傷，包括2018年在平昌冬奧會前夕，他的頭撞上了一個超級管道的頂部，導(dǎo)致臉上縫了62針。）可知，作者講述他受過的傷想要說明他成功前的艱辛，故選C?！?0題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“The future for me is so exciting.There is so much to do and so much to live for.This is just the beginning for me.”（我的未來是如此令人興奮。有那么多事情要做，有那么多生活的意義。這對我來說只是個開始。）可知，他將繼續(xù)為冰雪運(yùn)動做出貢獻(xiàn)，故選B。
【11題詳解】
主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段中“officially marking the end of his long and storied career as a professional snowboarder.No matter how hard the 35-year-old tried to hold back his emotions, it just got to be too much.”（正式標(biāo)志著他作為職業(yè)滑雪板運(yùn)動員漫長而傳奇的職業(yè)生涯的結(jié)束。無論35歲的他多么努力地控制自己的情緒，他的情緒還是太強(qiáng)烈了。）可知，本文主要講述滑雪運(yùn)動員Shaun White在2022屆冬奧會之后，結(jié)束自己的職業(yè)生涯時，激動地向自己的職業(yè)生涯告別，故選B。
D
When you throw something in the recycling bin, do you think about what it could become? And when you do, does it make you more likely to use that recycling bin? Recently, a study was conducted in an effort to decide whether or not explaining to people what their recyclables are transformed into would help increase recycling rates.
The researchers started with a group of 111 college students, asked to draw on paper before watching one of three ads.One was a public service message that showed paper going into recycling bins.The other two also showed the paper either being transformed into new paper or a guitar.After completing a survey, the students were asked to deal with the paper when they left. Half of those who saw the first ad recycled their paper, while the recycling rate jumped to 80% for those who'd seen the other ads.
After doing a few more lab experiments, the researchers headed into the real world.At a party, volunteers spoke with attendees (出席者) about recycling, with half mentioning transformed products and half keeping it general.They discovered the subject of the talks came into play.After the game, the recycling and trash bags were weighed.Those who received a message recycled over half of their waste, while those who did not recycled less than a fifth.
All this is to say that details matter.People want to know what treasures their trash can become, and when that's laid out clearly, they' re more likely to do it.Perhaps recycling companies should redesign signs to describe the items being created.Recycling is far from a perfect solution,but it doesn't hurt to manage to improve its rates.
12. What's the function of the first paragraph?
A. To lead to the main topic.
B. To reflect the author's attitude.
C. To introduce a new recycling bin.D. 1 To emphasize the benefits of recycling.
13. What does the underlined part“came into play”in paragraph 3 mean?
A. Took effect.
B. Broke down.
C. Took off.
D. Came to mind.
14. What does the author advise recycling companies to do?
A. Sign the names on the items.
B. Find perfect ways of recycling.
C. Examine the details of items.
D. Show the transformation of waste.
15. In which column of the website does the text probably appear?
A. Sports and games.
B. Travel and tourism.
C. Entertainment and recreation.
D. Science and human life.
【12~15題答案】
【答案】12. A 13. A 14. D 15. D
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。研究表明，告知人們回收廢品的最終去向，將會有利于提高廢品的回收率。
【12題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Recently, a study was conducted in an effort to decide whether or not explaining to people what their recyclables are transformed into would help increase recycling rates.”（最近進(jìn)行了一項研究，試圖決定向人們解釋他們的可回收物品被轉(zhuǎn)化成什么，是否有助于提高回收率。）可知，第一段主要是為了引出文章主旨——提高回收廢品的轉(zhuǎn)化率，故選A。
【13題詳解】
詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第三段中“After the game, the recycling and trash bags were weighed. Those who received a message recycled over half of their waste, while those who did not recycled less than a fifth.”（比賽結(jié)束后，對回收袋和垃圾袋稱重。收到短信的人回收了一半以上的垃圾，而沒有收到短信的人回收的垃圾不到五分之一。）可知，劃線詞應(yīng)該是“奏效”的意思，故選A。
【14題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Perhaps recycling companies should redesign signs to describe the items being created.”（也許回收公司應(yīng)該重新設(shè)計標(biāo)識來描述正在制作的物品。）可知，作者建議回收公司展示出廢物轉(zhuǎn)化成什么，故選D。
【15題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Recently, a study was conducted in an effort to decide whether or not explaining to people what their recyclables are transformed into would help increase recycling rates.”（最近進(jìn)行了一項研究，試圖決定向人們解釋他們的可回收物品被轉(zhuǎn)化成什么，是否有助于提高回收率。）可知，本文主旨大意為提高回收廢品的轉(zhuǎn)化率，與人類生活密切相關(guān)，故選D。
第二節(jié) (共5小題; 每小題2分，滿分10分)
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項中選出能填人空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。
The quality of the family relationship is more important than family configuration (結(jié)構(gòu)). A healthy family relationship is the base of a happy family. ___16___. Although family relationships are different, there are certain characteristics that healthy family relationships share.
___17___. Family members listen to and genuinely care about what the others are saying. In these families, communication is on a deep enough level that all members are able to share their feelings, goals, achievements and experiences. When some feedback and constructive criticism are given, love and affection are made clear by the use of positive words.
A family with a healthy relationship requires every single family member’s commitment. Family members hold family as a top priority (優(yōu)先考慮的事) and consider the impact on relatives before making important decisions. Family members are dependable and always there for each other in times of crisis.___18___.
A characteristic of healthy family relationship is that they spend time doing enjoyable activities together. ___19___. Often, these activities become family traditions, such as sharing meals together, having family outings every weekend or playing sports together.
___20___. Family members accept that they each have their own personalities, qualities and interests. Everyone plays an important role in the family. When there is conflict between family members, it is solved in a positive and healthy manner. Family members also acknowledge each other’s achievements and show appreciation for other members.
A. Therefore, members do not feel they are on their own
B. Family members share everything they have with each other
C. Respect is an important characteristic of healthy family relationships
D. It provides members with the support and encouragement that they needE. Family members tend to select activities that help the family to grow closer
F. It is important to keep in mind that each family member is a unique individual
G. Families with healthy relationships engage in positive and meaningful communication
【16~20題答案】
【答案】16. D 17. G 18. A 19. E 20. C
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章說明了健康的家庭關(guān)系的一些特征。
【16題詳解】
根據(jù)上文“A healthy family relationship is the base of a happy family. (健康的家庭關(guān)系是幸福家庭的基礎(chǔ))”和下文“Although family relationships are different, there are certain characteristics that healthy family relationships share. (雖然家庭關(guān)系不同，但健康的家庭關(guān)系有一些共同的特征)”可知，上文指出健康的家庭關(guān)系是幸福家庭的基礎(chǔ)，下文指出健康的家庭有一些共同的特征。由此推知，空處承接上文，指出健康的家庭關(guān)系的好處。D項“它為成員提供他們所需要的支持和鼓勵”符合題意，選項中的“It”指代上文的“A healthy family relationship”。故選D。
【17題詳解】
空處為本段主旨句。根據(jù)下文“Family members listen to and genuinely care about what the others are saying. In these families, communication is on a deep enough level that all members are able to share their feelings, goals, achievements and experiences. When some feedback and constructive criticism are given, love and affection are made clear by the use of positive words. (家人會傾聽并真誠地關(guān)心別人說的話。在這些家庭中，交流是在一個足夠深的層次上，所有成員能夠分享他們的感受，目標(biāo)，成就和經(jīng)驗。當(dāng)一些反饋和建設(shè)性的批評被給予時，愛和情感通過使用積極的詞語來表達(dá))”可知，在健康的家庭關(guān)系中成員們的交流都是積極的、有意義的。G項“擁有健康關(guān)系的家庭會進(jìn)行積極而有意義的交流”符合本段主旨，“communication”是關(guān)鍵詞。故選G。
【18題詳解】
空處位于段末應(yīng)承接上文。根據(jù)上文“Family members hold family as a top priority (優(yōu)先考慮事) and consider the impact on relatives before making important decisions. Family members are dependable and always there for each other in times of crisis. (家庭成員把家庭作為最優(yōu)先考慮的事情，家庭成員在做重要決定前，會考慮對親屬的影響。家庭成員是可靠的，在危機(jī)時刻總是相互幫助)”可知，家庭成員會相會幫助，這樣成員就不會覺得什么都靠自己獨(dú)立解決。A項“因此，家庭成員們并不覺得自己是孤立無援的”符合題意，與上文形成明顯的因果關(guān)系。故選A。
【19題詳解】根據(jù)主旨句“A characteristic of healthy family relationship is that they spend time doing enjoyable activities together. (健康家庭關(guān)系的一個特點(diǎn)是他們花時間一起做愉快的活動)”可知，本段主要說明在健康的家庭關(guān)系中成員們會一起度過快樂、有意義的時光。再結(jié)合下文“Often, these activities become family traditions, such as sharing meals together, having family outings every weekend or playing sports together. (通常，這些活動會成為家庭傳統(tǒng)，比如一起吃飯，每個周末一起外出或一起運(yùn)動)”推知，上文提到了有利于增進(jìn)家庭成員關(guān)系的活動。E項“家庭成員傾向于選擇有助于家庭關(guān)系更加親密的活動”符合題意，且貼合主旨，下文的“these activities”指代選項中的“activities that help the family to grow closer”。故選E。
20題詳解】
空處為本段主旨句。根據(jù)下文“Family members accept that they each have their own personalities, qualities and interests. Everyone plays an important role in the family. When there is conflict between family members, it is solved in a positive and healthy manner. Family members also acknowledge each other’s achievements and show appreciation for other members. (家庭成員承認(rèn)他們每個人都有自己的個性、品質(zhì)和興趣。每個人在家庭中都扮演著重要的角色。當(dāng)家庭成員之間發(fā)生沖突時，以積極健康的方式解決。家庭成員也承認(rèn)彼此的成就，并對其他成員表示贊賞)”可知，雖然家庭成員性格各異，但要承認(rèn)彼此的成就，并且相互贊賞，即家庭成員之間應(yīng)該尊重并欣賞。C項“尊重是健康家庭關(guān)系的重要特征”可以作為本段主旨句。故選C。
第二部分語言知識運(yùn)用 (共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)
第一節(jié) (共20小題;每小題1.5分，滿分30分)
閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處，的最佳選項。
It's the stuff of travel nightmares (噩夢).Taking something precious on your trip, keeping it close to hand so you don't risk___21___.it in checked baggage - and then realizing you don't have it when you get home.
For Rachel DeGolia, the nightmare of losing something on a___22___came true.In September, her___23___collection of family letters from the 1940s to 1970s was left on a plane as it pulled into Chicago Midway Airport.
It was, says DeGolia, “tragic (悲慘的)”But that tragedy turned to___24___- when, after a three-week search, one airline representative___25___ DeGolia with her letters.
DeGolia says, in summer 2021, she received a collection of family letters sent by her cousin.She decided to take them with her to her daughter's wedding party as she thought it would be the perfect occasion to share the letters with her brother.Her brother was very___26___and decided to take the precious cargo (貨物) home, making
sure to keep it with him in the cabin - but then ___27___it in the cabin when he got off his flight home to Chicago.
After the passengers got off the plane, crew (乘務(wù)員)___28___the cargo during their post-flight checks, realized the letters were precious, and handed the cargo over to a gate agent.The letters___29___in Sarah Haffner's hands.Haffner, a Baggage Service Office supervisor (主管) for Southwest at Midway, checked the letters___30___and realized it was very precious item that needed to find its___31___.
Normally, the procedure for reuniting items with their owners is fairly_ ___32___.Agents like Haffner look for any identification on the item, and then ___33___ the name to a passenger booking.If the person has been on a connecting flight, that's not an issue, because they have a database of___34___ going back a couple of years.But the___35___ was that the only identifying name in the whole batch of letters was Rachel DeGolia - and she hadn't been on the fight.
Haffner and her colleagues tried their best.After three weeks of___36___, they finally found some___37___of a Rachel DeGolia from Ohio on the Internet, “I was like, what are the chances -it's got to be her,”Haffner says.Then she managed to track down a ___38___ number.
“At 9 p.m.one night I got this call,”says DeGolia.She was___39___ to tears, calling Haffner“A wonderful young woman for ___40___her family legacy (遺產(chǎn)).
21. A. finding B. losing C. solving D. keeping
22. A. flight B. bus C. train D. boat
23. A. unbelievable B. impossible C. unacceptable D. irreplaceable
24. A. sorrow B. anxiety C. relief D. effort
25. A. helped B. reunited C. favored D. impressed
26. A. bored B. excited C. confused D. disappointed
27. A. put B. hid C. left D. threw
28. A. received B. missed C. delivered D. found
29. A. ended up B. came out C. passed on D. took over
30. A. secretly B. carefully C. carelessly D. differently
31. A. way B. value C. owner D. price
32. A. simple B. useful C. unusual D. slow
33. A. add B. apply C. match D. introduce
34. A. agents B. crew C. parcels D. passengers
35. A. cause B. excuse C. process D. problem
36. A. preparing B. searching C. waiting D. thinking
37. A. rewards B. meanings C. clues D. puzzles
38. A. cabin B. baggage C. phone D. room39. A. annoyed B. worried C. scared D. moved
40. A. saving B. creating C. proving D. sharing
【21~40題答案】
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. B 26. B 27. C 28. D 29. A 30. B 31. C 32. A 33. C 34. D 35. D 36. B 37. C 38. C 39. D 40. A
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了Rachel DeGolia將珍貴的家書落在飛機(jī)上，經(jīng)過三周的辛苦尋找，最終找回了家書。
【21題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：把它放在手邊，這樣你就不會有在托運(yùn)行李中丟失的風(fēng)險。A. finding發(fā)現(xiàn)；B. losing失去；C. solving解決；D. keeping保持。根據(jù)“keeping it close to hand”（把它放在手邊）可知，這樣就不會弄丟了，故選B。
【22題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：對蕾切爾?德戈利亞來說，在飛機(jī)上丟東西的噩夢變成了現(xiàn)實。A. flight航班；B. bus公交；C. train火車；D. boat船。根據(jù)“collection of family letters from the 1940s to 1970s was left on a plane as it pulled into Chicago Midway Airport.”（把20世紀(jì)40年代到70年代那些家信留在了飛機(jī)上）可知，她乘坐的是飛機(jī)，故選A。
【23題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：9月，一架飛機(jī)在芝加哥中途機(jī)場降落時，她把20世紀(jì)40年代到70年代那些無可替代的家信留在了飛機(jī)上。A. unbelievable難以置信的；B. impossible不可能的；C. unacceptable無法接受的；D. irreplaceable不可替代的。根據(jù)下文“and decided to take the precious cargo (貨物) home”（決定把珍貴的貨物帶回家）可知，這里指珍貴的無可替代的家書，故選D。
【24題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但那場悲劇變成了寬慰。A. sorrow悲傷；B. anxiety焦慮；C. relief寬慰；D. effort努力。根據(jù)“after a three-week search, one airline representative___5__ _ DeGolia with her letters.”（經(jīng)過三周的搜尋，一名航空公司代表用讓德戈利亞與她的信件團(tuán)聚）可知，家書失而復(fù)得，故此處指如釋重負(fù)，感到寬慰。故選C。
【25題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：一名航空公司代表用讓德戈利亞與她的信件重聚。A. helped幫助；B. reunited重聚；C. favored支持；D. impressed印象。根據(jù)第六段中“Normally, the procedure for reuniting items with their owners is fairly”可知，航空公司找到了家書并物歸原主了，失主與信件重聚。故選B?！?6題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她的哥哥非常興奮，決定把這寶貴的貨物帶回家。A. bored厭倦的；B. excited興奮的；C. confused困惑的；D. disappointed失望的。根據(jù)“and decided to take the precious cargo home”（決定把這寶貴的貨物帶回家）可知，她哥哥很興奮，故選B。
【27題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：但是當(dāng)他下飛機(jī)回芝加哥的時候，卻把它落在了機(jī)艙里。A. put放置；B. hid隱藏；C. left離開，落下；D. threw拋棄。根據(jù)“in the cabin when he got off his flight home to Chicago.”并聯(lián)系上文內(nèi)容可知，下飛機(jī)時將信件落在了飛機(jī)上，故選C。
【28題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：乘客下飛機(jī)后，機(jī)組人員在飛行后檢查中發(fā)現(xiàn)了這些貨物。A. received收到；B. missed錯過；C. delivered遞送；D. found發(fā)現(xiàn)。根據(jù)“realized the letters were precious, and handed the cargo over to a gate agent.”（意識到這些信件很珍貴，就把貨物交給了登機(jī)口的工作人員）可知，機(jī)組人員發(fā)現(xiàn)了這些信件，故選D。
【29題詳解】
考查動詞短語辨析。句意：這些信件最終落入了Sarah Haffner的手中。A. ended up最后來到；結(jié)束；B. came out出版；C. passed on通過；D. took over接管。根據(jù)“when, after a three-week search, one airline representative___5_ _ DeGolia with her letters.”（經(jīng)過三周的尋找之后，一名航空公司代表歸還了她的信件）可知，這些信件最終到了Sarah Haffner的手中，故選A。
【30題詳解】
考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：哈弗納是中途機(jī)場西南航空公司行李服務(wù)辦公室的主管，他仔細(xì)檢查了這些信件，意識到這是非常珍貴的東西，需要找到失主。A. secretly秘密地；B. carefully認(rèn)真地；C. carelessly粗心地；D. differently不同地。根據(jù)“realized it was very precious item”（意識到這是非常珍貴的東西）可知，他經(jīng)過了仔細(xì)地檢查后得出了結(jié)論，故選B。
【31題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：哈弗納是中途機(jī)場西南航空公司行李服務(wù)辦公室的主管，他仔細(xì)檢查了這些信件，意識到這是非常珍貴的東西，需要找到失主。A. way方式；B. value價值；C. owner主人；D. price價格。根據(jù)“realized it was very precious item”（意識到這是非常珍貴的東西）可知，珍貴的東西需要物歸原主，故選C。
【32題詳解】
考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：通常，將物品歸還給物主過程是相當(dāng)簡單的。A. simple簡單的；B. useful有用的；C. unusual不尋常的；D. slow緩慢的。根據(jù)“Agents like Haffner look for any identification on the item, and then _ _13___ the name to a passenger booking.”（像Haffner這樣的代理人尋找物品上的任何身份證明，然后將名字與乘客預(yù)訂匹配）可知，歸還的過程很簡單，故選A。
【33題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：像Haffner這樣的代理人尋找物品上的任何身份證明，然后將名字與乘客預(yù)訂匹配。A. add增加；B. apply申請；C. match匹配；D. introduce介紹。根據(jù)前文“ look for any identification on the item”和下文“the name to a passenger booking”并聯(lián)系語境是尋找失主可知，此處指的是與乘客名字相匹配，故選C。
【34題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：如果這個人坐過中轉(zhuǎn)航班，那不是問題，因為他們有一個幾年前乘客的數(shù)據(jù)庫。A. agents代理人；B. crew船員；C. parcels包裹；D. passengers旅客。根據(jù)“If the person has been on a connecting flight, that's not an issue”（如果這個人已經(jīng)坐過中轉(zhuǎn)航班，那不是問題）可知，航空公司有旅客的數(shù)據(jù)庫，故選D。
【35題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但問題是，在整批信件中，唯一可以辨認(rèn)的名字是瑞秋?德戈利亞——而她沒有乘坐過航班。A. cause原因；B. excuse借口；C. process步驟；D. problem問題。根據(jù)“was that the only identifying name in the whole batch of letters was Rachel DeGolia - and she hadn't been on the fight.”（在整批信件中，唯一可以辨認(rèn)的名字是瑞秋?德戈利亞——而她沒有乘坐過航班）可知，此處指的是歸還過程中唯一的問題，故選D。
【36題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：經(jīng)過三周的搜尋，他們終于在網(wǎng)上找到了來自俄亥俄州的瑞秋?德戈利亞的一些線索。A. preparing準(zhǔn)備；B. searching尋找；C. waiting等待；D. thinking思考。根據(jù)“After three weeks of”（經(jīng)過三周）和下文的“they finally found”可知，經(jīng)過了三周的搜索，故選B。
【37題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：經(jīng)過三周的搜尋，他們終于在網(wǎng)上找到了來自俄亥俄州的瑞秋?德戈利亞的一些線索。A. rewards獎勵；B. meanings含義；C. clues線索；D. puzzles謎。根據(jù)“they finally found some”和“I was like, what are the chances -it's got to be her”可知，他們找到了一些線索，故選C。
【38題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然后她設(shè)法找到了一個電話號碼。A. cabin木屋；B. baggage行李；C. phone電話；D. room房間。根據(jù)“At 9 p.m.one night I got this call”（一天晚上9點(diǎn)，我接到一個電話）可知，航空公司找到了電話號碼并聯(lián)系了她，故選C。
【39題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她被感動得熱淚盈眶。A. annoyed生氣的；B. worried擔(dān)憂的；C. scared恐懼的；D. moved感動的。根據(jù)“calling Haffner A wonderful young woman for ___20___her family legacy (遺產(chǎn)).”（稱Haffner是拯救家族財產(chǎn)了不起的女人）可知，她很感動，故選D。
【40題詳解】
考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：一個了不起的年輕女人拯救了她的家族遺產(chǎn)。A. saving挽救；B. creating創(chuàng)造；C. proving證明；D. sharing分享。根據(jù)“her family legacy”（她的家族遺產(chǎn)）可知，信件失而復(fù)得的過程即被挽救的過程，故選A。
第二節(jié) (共 10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)
閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
China’s accumulated experience in reducing food loss and waste is being shared with the world. This knowledge will help many countries improve their ability___41___ (reduce) food loss and ensure food security, experts and officials said.
About 14 percent of the world’s food is lost during from___42___(produce) to retail (零售). Reducing that loss by 1 percentage point would be equal to a 28 million metric ton increase in grain output, ___43___could feed 70 million people for a year. This is according to the State of Food and Agriculture 2019 report released by the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization.
According to the FAO, over 155 million people experienced serious food insecurity in 2020, the___44___(high) number in the past five years. This was caused by conflict, extreme weather events and economic shocks___45___(relate) to COVID-19.
Wu Laping, ___46___professor at China Agricultural University’s College of Economics and Management, said food loss and waste is___47___(large) affected by economic development. They noted that___48___(develop) countries lose food mainly before it is retailed, whereas developed countries mainly lose it after retail.
___49___example, food loss and waste mostly occurs in harvesting and storage in Africa and South Asia. Up to 30 percent of food loss was found during farmers’ storage in some areas in Africa, and 21 percent of food in the United States____50____(waste) during daily consumption, Wu told Economic Daily.
【41~50題答案】
【答案】41. to reduce
42. production
43. which 44. highest
45. related
46. a 47. largely 48. developing
49. For 50. was wasted
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了中國積累的經(jīng)驗，關(guān)于全世界食物的損失和浪費(fèi)。
【41題詳解】
考查動詞不定式。句意：這一知識能幫助很多國家來提升他們減少食物損失的能力，并且能確保食物安全。此處做the ability的定語，“做某事的能力”表達(dá)為the ability to do sth.，應(yīng)用動詞不定式做定語，故填to reduce。
【42題詳解】
考查名詞。句意：世界上大約14%的食物從生產(chǎn)到零售過程中被損失掉。此處from為介詞，且根據(jù)to retail中的retail為名詞可知，此處也應(yīng)用名詞，故填production。
【43題詳解】
考查定語從句。句意：減少1%的食物損失就能增加28萬公噸的谷物輸出，這能養(yǎng)活7000萬人一年。此處為非限制性定語從句，先行詞為a 28 million metric ton increase in grain output，指物，從句中缺少主語，故填which。
【44題詳解】
考查形容詞最高級。句意：根據(jù)FAO，超過15億5000萬人在2020年經(jīng)歷了嚴(yán)重的食物不安全問題，是過去五年內(nèi)最高值。根據(jù)此空前定冠詞the可知，此處表示“近五年來最高值”，故應(yīng)用形容詞最高級，故填highest。
【45題詳解】
考查過去分詞作后置定語。句意：這是由沖突、極端氣候和與新冠相關(guān)的經(jīng)濟(jì)沖擊引起的。此處做economic shocks的定語，economic shocks與relate之間為被動關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用過去分詞作后置定語，故填related。
【46題詳解】
考查冠詞。句意：中國農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)的經(jīng)濟(jì)管理系的教授吳說道，食物損耗和食物廢棄主要受經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的影響。此處professor意為“教授”，為可數(shù)名詞，表泛指“一個教授”，故應(yīng)填不定冠詞，且professor音素以輔音開頭，故應(yīng)填a。
【47題詳解】
考查副詞。句意：中國農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)的經(jīng)濟(jì)管理系的教授吳說道，食物損耗和食物廢棄主要受經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的影響。此處修飾動詞is affected，應(yīng)用副詞修飾，故填largely。
【48題詳解】
考查形容詞作定語。句意：他們強(qiáng)調(diào)，發(fā)展中國家食物耗損只要是在零售之前，然而發(fā)達(dá)國家只要是在零售后。根據(jù)后文的whereas developed countries可知，此處表示前后對比，故此處應(yīng)指“發(fā)展中國家”，故填developing?！?9題詳解】
考查介詞。句意：比如說，在非洲和亞洲南部，食物耗損和廢棄主要發(fā)生在豐收和儲存階段。此處意為“比如說”，表達(dá)為for example，故填For。
【50題詳解】
考查時態(tài)。句意：并且，美國的21%食物是在每日的消耗中損耗的。根據(jù)前文的“Up to 30 percent of food loss was found”可知，此處應(yīng)用一般過去時，且food與waste之間為被動關(guān)系，故應(yīng)填一般過去時的被動，故填was wasted。
第三部分寫作(共兩節(jié),滿分35分)
第一節(jié) 短文改錯(共10小題;每小題1分,滿分10分)
51. 假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。
增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號( Λ )，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。
刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。
修改：在錯的詞下劃-橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。
注意：1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；
2.只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計分。
Reading is my favorite hobby. I can never stop the love for read because books are like wise teachers as well as good friends in my life. As we all know, books are the source of knowledges. I benefit a great deal of from reading. There is a variety of books for us to choose from, like history books, science books, literary books and so on. But which interests me most is literary books, especial those written by famous writers. For one thing, they helped to improve my writing skills and broaden my horizons. For other, they can enrich my life and provide us with great fun. Isn't it pleasure to have great calm in mind while reading?
【51題答案】
【答案】1.read→reading 2.knowledges→knowledge 3.去掉of 4.is→are
5.which→what 6.especial→especially 7.helped→help 8.other→another
9.us→me 10.pleasure前加上a
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇說明文。文章介紹了閱讀的好處。
【詳解】1.考查動名詞做賓語。句意：我無法停止對閱讀的喜歡，因為書既是我生命中的良師，又是我的好朋友。此處意為“對……的喜愛”，表達(dá)為the love for doing sth.。故將read改為reading。
2.考查不可數(shù)名詞。句意：眾所周知，書是知識的源泉。此處knowledge為不可名詞，沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式。故將knowledges改為knowledge。
3.考查介詞。句意：從閱讀中，我獲益很多。此處意為“獲益很多”，表達(dá)為benefit a great deal，of后要跟賓語，此處為副詞短語。修飾動詞benefit。故去掉of。
4.考查主謂一致。句意：有很多種書可供我們選擇。此處主語為a variety of books，為復(fù)數(shù)，故謂語動詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)。故將is改為are。
5.考查主語從句。句意：最讓我感興趣的是文學(xué)書，尤其是由著名作家寫的那些書。此處為主語從句，從句缺少主語，且意思為“什么”，故應(yīng)用what引導(dǎo)，故將which改為what。
6.考查副詞。句意：最讓我感興趣是文學(xué)書，尤其是由著名作家寫的那些書。此處意為“尤其是，特別是”，應(yīng)用副詞。故將especial改為especially。
7.考查動詞時態(tài)。句意：一方面，它幫助我提高我的寫作能力，并開闊我的眼界。此處為陳述客觀事實，故應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時。故將helped改為help。
8.考查代詞。句意：另一方面，他們可以豐富我的生活，并為我?guī)順啡ぁ４颂幰鉃椤傲硪环矫妗?，表達(dá)為for another。故將other改為another。
9.考查代詞。句意：另一方面，他們可以豐富我的生活，并為我?guī)順啡?。此處意為“給我?guī)砗芏鄻啡ぁ保视么~me。故將us改為me。
10.考查冠詞。句意：閱讀時，享受內(nèi)心的平靜難道不是一件令人快樂的事嗎？此處pleasure是抽象名詞具體化，泛指“一件令人快樂的事”，應(yīng)用不定冠詞，且pleasure是以輔音音素開頭，故在pleasure前加上a。
第二節(jié) 書面表達(dá) (滿分25分)
52. 2021年12月9日下午，神舟十三號天宮乘組航天員在中國空間站向全國青少年進(jìn)行了第一次“天宮課堂”現(xiàn)場授課活動。你校英語報對此進(jìn)行了全面報道，以下是報道的節(jié)選內(nèi)容:
China’s Shenzhou 13 astronauts have presented a science lesson live from the orbiting (繞軌道運(yùn)行) Tiangong space station on Thursday.
Astronauts Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu began the class at 2:40 am EST (0740GMT, 3:40 pm Beijing time) on Thursday from inside the Tianhe module, the core of the Tiangong station.
The class featured topics including life and work aboard the Tianhe space station module, the behavior of biological cells, how astronauts move in micro-gravity (微重力), water surface tension (張力) experiments and more, according to CMSA, China's human spaceflight agency.
假設(shè)“天宮課堂”第二講將于近期開播，你校英語報以“If you were given a chance to meet the astronauts face-to-face, what questions would you like to ask?”為主題，面向全校廣大師生征稿。請你用英語給三位宇航員寫一封信并以此投稿，內(nèi)容包括；1.向宇航員致敬；
2.提出你的問題(2一3個)；
3.預(yù)祝成功返回。
注意：
1.詞數(shù)100左右；
2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫；
3.開頭和結(jié)尾已為你寫好，不計入總詞數(shù)。
Dear astronauts,
Thank you for all the trouble you’ve taken to spend such a long and unusual time in space.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【52題答案】
【答案】Dear astronauts,
Thank you for all the trouble you’ve taken to spend such a long and unusual time in space. Without your effort, China’s space industry couldn’t have created one miracle after another.
Seeing your last class presenting your life and work aboard the space station, I’m greatly interested in it and I want to know more. What appeals to me most is how you get accustomed to your daily routine in micro-gravity such as having dinner, washing faces, getting changed and so on. As it was the first time for Chinese astronauts to spend Spring Festival in space, I’m curious about whether you decorated your “home” with Spring Festival couplets and red lanterns? And did you enjoy a good meal at Lunar New year’s eve as usual?
May you happy in the core and we are waiting for your coming back safely and successfully.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本篇書面表達(dá)屬于應(yīng)用文，要求考生給神舟十三號的三位宇航員寫信。
【詳解】1.詞匯積累
奇跡：wonder→miracle
展示：show→present吸引：attract→appeal to
習(xí)慣：be used to→get accustomed to
2.句式拓展：
簡單句變復(fù)合句
原句：May you happy in the core and we are waiting for your coming back safely and successfully.
拓展句：We hope you are happy in the core, and we are waiting for your coming back safely and successfully.
【點(diǎn)睛】[高分句型1]What appeals to me most is how you get accustomed to your daily routine in micro-gravity such as having dinner, washing faces, getting changed and so on. (what引導(dǎo)的主語從句和how引導(dǎo)的表語從句)
[高分句型2]As it was the first time for Chinese astronauts to spend Spring Festival in space, I’m curious about whether you decorated your “home” with Spring Festival couplets and red lanterns? (As引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句和whether引導(dǎo)的賓語從句)

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