用來陳述一件事實(shí)或表達(dá)說話者看法的句子叫作陳述句,句末用句號(hào)表示句子的陳述結(jié)束。陳述句分為肯定句和否定句。
2.祈使句 祈使句表示命令、請求、建議或勸告等。主語通常被省略,謂語動(dòng)詞用原形,句末用感嘆號(hào)或句號(hào)。表達(dá)請求或勸告時(shí),祈使句句末或句首可以加上please表示委婉的語氣。
專項(xiàng)練習(xí)—祈使句練習(xí)
一、單項(xiàng)選擇
1．__________ yur bks and lk at the blackbard.
A. ClsesB. Clse C. ClsingD. T clse
2．－Tm, _______late fr schl again. －Srry, I wn’t.
A. isn’t B. desn’t be C. dn’t be D. nt be
3．—Dn’t cme t schl late next time. —_________.
A. Yes, I d B. N, I can’t C. Srry, I wn’t
4．Jim, _____ lk utside. Lk at the map. A. desn’t B. dn’t C. isn’t
5．______ wake up yur sister, Ben. She needs a gd sleep.
A.Dn’t B.Desn’t C.Aren’t D.Can’t
6． Just_______ here and dn't g anywhere, r yur parents wn't find yu.
A. t stay B. stays C. stay D. staying
7．—Tm , Dn’t talk. _______ what yu are ding. —Srry, Mr. Li.
A.Pay attentin t B.Be careful C.Be patient with D.depend n
8． sleep t late, It’s bad fr yur health.A. DB. Nt C. Dn’tD. please nt
9．______________! We will have an exam next week.
A. Listen up B. Listen t C. Hear D. Hear t
10．“Tm, ____ afraid f speaking in public. Yu are n lnger a small by.”said Mum.
A.nt be B.nt t be C.be nt D.dn’t be
11．—______ drive after drinking. It’s t dangerus(危險(xiǎn)的).—OK. I wn’t.
A. NB. Nt C. Dn’t D. Desn't
12．It’s 11 ’clck. Please ________ ur lunch.
A. rderingB. rderC. t rder D. rders
13．— _______ late fr schl again, Tm!— Srry, I prmise I _________.
A. Dn’t, will B. Dn’t be, wn’t C. Dn’t, wn’t
14． sleep in class!A、NB、NtC、Dn’t
15．___ hard and yu’ll succeed sner r later. A. Study B. T study C. Studying D. Studied
3.疑問句：用來表示提問的句子叫作疑問句,句末用問號(hào)。疑問句包括一般疑問句、特殊疑問句、選擇疑問句和反意疑問句四種。
(1).一般疑問句
(2).特殊疑問句：用特殊疑問詞引導(dǎo)的疑問句叫作特殊疑問句。特殊疑問詞包括疑問代詞、疑問副詞和由疑問詞構(gòu)成的疑問短語。
(3).選擇疑問句
提出兩種或兩種以上的情況,要求對方選擇一種情況回答的問句叫選擇疑問句。選擇疑問句中的兩種或兩種以上的情況用r連接,回答時(shí)不能使用yes或n,而要用一個(gè)完整的句子或其省略形式。
專項(xiàng)練習(xí)—一般疑問句練習(xí)
一、單項(xiàng)選擇
1．-- ______ yu______ yur hmewrk yet? --Yes, I _____ it just nw.
A. Did; d; finished B. Have; dne; finished C. Have; dne; have finished D. Will; d; finish
2． -____yu ever ____with a grup?-Yes, I have .
A. Have ;study B. Have; studied C. D; study D. study
3．Can yu ck? -N, I_______. A. can B. can’t C. dn’t D. isn’t
4．_______yur mther knw this pretty girl? A. DB. Are C. DesD. Is
5．—_______yur mther gd at cking?---Yes, but my father _____ck well.
A. Des; desn't B. Is; isn't C. D; dn't D. Is; desn't
6．－Excuse me, are yu and Simn in Class 2, Grade 7? － _________.
A. Yes, I’m. B. N, I’m nt. C. Yes, we’re. D. N, we aren’t
7． --____ yur sister a dctr? --N,my cusin _____ in a hspital.
A. Des;wrk B. Is;wrks C. Are;wrk D.D;wrks
8． －_____ Mary with her friends ften _____ sprts after schl?
－Yes, they like t d sprts very much.
A．D, playB．Are; playing C．Des; playsD．Des; play
9． ---___________ yur father play sprts?--- Yes. He ften _________ tennis with his friends.
A. Des; plaies B. Des ; plays C. Is; plaies D. Is; plays
10． she her hmewrk?A. D; desB. Des; d C. D; d D. Des; des
11．-____yu ever ____with a grup? -Yes, I have .
A.Have; study B. Have; studied C.D; study D. Are; study ]
12．— D yu need any help?
— Yes. I want t buy sme nvels. Culd yu please tell me ?
A. where is the nearest library B. where the nearest library is
C. where the nearest bkstre is D. where is the nearest bkstre
13． --- _____ yu _____ t ride a mtrbike ?
--- Yes. But last mnth I sld it and bught a car.
A. Did , use B. Are , used C. D , use D. Have , used
14．--- He didn’t g t the this mrning, did he?
-______. Thugh he was nt feeling very well.
A．N, he didnt.B．Yes, he did. C．N, he did. D．Yes, he didn’t.
15．---__________ he speak English? ---N, he can't. A. Des B. Is C. Can D.D
句型轉(zhuǎn)換
16．I eat dinner in the evening. (就畫線部分提問) yu eat dinner?
17．They get hme at 7:30 pm.(改為同義句)。
They get hme at 7:30 the .
18．David can play the guitar. (改成一般疑問句) ____ ___ David ___ ___ the guitar?
19．I can sing and dance. (改成否定句) I ______ sing ________dance.
20．want, jin, art, they, club, t, the (連詞成句)______________________________________ .
改寫句子
21．Her father desn’t play sprts every day. （改為肯定句）Her father ______ ______ every day.
22．This is my pht.(改為復(fù)數(shù)形式)______________are ur ______________ .
23．I like bananas. ______________ _______________ like bananas?（改為一般疑問句）
24．It is very interesting. She thinks.（合成一句話） _______ _________ it is very interesting.
25．He has dinner at 6:30 in the evening. （就劃線部分提問）
_______________ des he _____________ at 6:30 in the evening?
句型轉(zhuǎn)換 根據(jù)要求改寫下面句子.
【小題1】She des her hmewrk at hme.(改為否定句)
She ________ _________ her hmewrk at hme.
【小題2】David can play the guitar. (先改成一般疑問句，然后作肯定回答)
? __________________
【小題3】It is 5 kilmeters frm my hme t schl. (就劃線部分提問)
_______ ________ ________ ________ frm ________ hme t schl?
【小題4】He gets hme at five in the afternn. (就劃線部分提問)
____________ ____________ _____________ he _____________ hme in the afternn?
【小題5】I g t see my mther by bus. (就劃線部分提問)
_______ _______yu g t see yur mther?
【小題6】There are n bridges ver the rivers. (改為同義句)
There _________ __________ bridges ver the rivers.
【小題7】I get up at five thirty. (同義句)I get up at _________ __________ __________.
4.反意疑問句
附在陳述句后對陳述內(nèi)容進(jìn)行反問的句子叫作反意疑問句也叫附加疑問句。反意疑問句前一部分是陳述句,后一部分是簡短問句。陳述部分用逗號(hào)結(jié)尾,反問部分用問號(hào)結(jié)尾。
(1)基本用法
基本結(jié)構(gòu):前肯后否,前否后肯。
Yu have t wear a unifrm at schl, dn’t yu?在學(xué)校里你必須穿校服,不是嗎?
They weren’t at hme, were they?他們不在家,是嗎?
(2)其他特殊用法
1.陳述句中有has / have / had 時(shí),有以下幾種情況：
1).若表示 “不得不”， 反意疑問句的謂語用_____ ______ _____進(jìn)行反問.
例如：They had t leave early , ____________ ?
2).若表示“有”，反意疑問句的謂語用______ _______ _______進(jìn)行反問。
例如：He has few friends in the new schl, ____________?
3).若句中是has/ have / had +過去分詞時(shí)，其反意疑問句的謂語用____ _____ ____進(jìn)行反問。 例如：He has never been t Beijing , __________?
4）陳述句部分有had better d sth，其反意疑問句的謂語只能用_______.
例如：Yu had better stay in bed till tmrrw,_________?
2. 陳述部分是祈使句時(shí)，有以下幾種情況：
A）肯定祈使句，反意疑問句為_____或______？
例如： Please pen the dr. _______ 或 _______?[來源:學(xué)?？啤＞W(wǎng)Z。X。X。K]
B）否定祈使句，反意疑問句為________？
例如：Dn’t frget t pst the letter,_________?
C) 以Let’s開頭，表示建議的祈使句，由于句中的主語實(shí)際上包括聽、說雙方，所以其疑問部分為______? 例如： Let’s have a rest,________?
D) 以Let us / me開頭，征詢意見的祈使句，由于句中的主語實(shí)際上僅指對方，所以其疑問部分為________? 例如： Let us g there, _______ ?
3.陳述句是主從復(fù)合句時(shí)，其反意疑問句應(yīng)與_____保持一致。若主句主語為I/we,謂語是 think / believe /suppse /imagine 等詞時(shí)，其反意疑問句應(yīng)與______保持一致。
試一試：1.He said that he wuld leave here tmrrw ,____________?
2.I dn’t think yu can d these exercises alne , __________ ?
4.陳述部分含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞must時(shí)，有以下幾種情況：
1.must表示”必須”之意，反意疑問部分的謂語用________
例如：They must cme n time，_____________?
2.must表對現(xiàn)在的推測時(shí)，反意疑問部分的謂語應(yīng)根據(jù)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后的__________而定。
例如：He must be gd at English,__________?
5.陳述部分含有need時(shí)，有以下幾種情況：
1.need是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞時(shí)，則反意疑問部分的動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用________
例如：They need t drink sme water,_________?
2.need是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，則反意疑問部分的動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用________
例如：She need nt d it again, __________ ?
練習(xí)區(qū)：
She wrks hard,______?
They watched TV with me yesterday,_____?
They aren’t staying at hme,______?
He will buy a new bike,______?
She is ging t Beijing,______?
Yu’d better g at nce, _____?
I am a clever by,_______?
He dislikes the tw subjects, _____ ?
Let us g t play ftball, ______?
There is little water in the glass, ____?
I dn’t believe yu are right, _____ ?
Let’s g hme, _____ ?
Everything ges well, _____ ?
The man in red must be my friend, _____ ?
These flwers need t be watered,________?
1、He has a lt f wrk t d, _____ _____? 2、Uncle Wang frgt t bring yur bag, ____ ____?
3、Tm wants t get his TV set back, ______ ______?
4、It’s fine tday, ______? 5.This is yur bk, ？
6、They’ll be n duty next Mnday,_____ _____? 7、Tm didn’t watch TV last night, _____ _____?
11.Everything here is gd, ？12.Everybdy knws the answer, ？或 ？
1. Yu tld them Tm wuldn’t cme, ？2. He never said he was a gd student, ？
3. I think yu are right, ?4. I dn’t believe he studies harder, ?
5.I am having an English lessn, _________.
1. Speak luder, __________? 2. Dn’t be late, __________?
3. Let’s g hme,__________? 8、She can swim, __________?
1. There is n air n the mn, __ __ _ ___?
2. He made few mistakes, ___ __ ___ _?
3. Mary can speak little English, __ __ __ __?
5. Yu dislike swimming, __ __ _ __?
6. She is unhappy, __ ___ _ ___?
1. He never watches TV, ___ ____?
2.They have very few friends here, ___ __?
3.There is nthing in it, ___ __?
1. Yu will g t America, ___________?[來源:2. We have ever been t Shanghai, ________?[來
3. He hasn’t dne his hmewrk, _________?4. Yu shuld try yur best, ____________?
5. It wasn’t fine yesterday, ____ ____?
6. It ften rains here, _______ ____?
7. Yu have a headache, ___ _____?
8. I called yu yesterday, ___ ____?
9. It desn’t rain here, ____ __ ?
10. Yu didn’t call me yesterday, ___ ___?
快速記憶表
專項(xiàng)練習(xí)—反義疑問句練習(xí)
1．Zhu Ming has few English magazines,_____?
A.des he B.desn’t he C.has he D.hasn’t he
2．Cindy culd hardly speak English three years ag, ________?
A. culdn't she? B. culd she C. can she
3． Alice had a wnderful time yesterday,_______?
A. hadn’t she B. wasn’t she C. didn’t she D. wuldn’t she
4．–She didn’t cme t schlyesterday, did she?
–______, thugh she was nt feeling well.
A. N, she didn’t B. Yes, she didn’t C. N, she did D. Yes, she did
5．---He hardly spent any time n his subjects, ________?
---________, s he des badly in his lessns.
A .didn’t he, Yes B. did he, Yes C. didn’t he, N D. did he, N
6．He’s read this bk befre, ?
A. hasn’t he B. desn’t he C. isn’t he D. wasn’t he
7．– Let’s g fr a walk, ______?
-- OK, I’m cming . Dn’t frget t bring yur camera, ______?
A. will yu; will yu B. will yu; shall we C. shall we; shall we D. shall we; will yu
8．Jhn had a shrt walk after lunch, ________？
A. did he B. didn't he C. had he D. hadn't he
9． Nancy hardly rings yu up, ___________?
A. desn’t she B. des she C. desn’t Nancy D. des Nancy
10．---Yur brther ften disagrees with yu, _______ he ?
--- _______. We ften have different pinins.
A.des; Yes B. desn’t ;Yes C. des; N D. desn’t; N
11．Kate’s never late fr schl, ?
A.isn’t sheB.hasn’the C.is sheD.has she
12．--- Liu Ta has never read the bk The Adventure f Tm Sawyer , _________ he?
--- _________. He tld me it's very interesting. He'd like t read it again.
A. is; N, he isn't B. has; Yes, he has C. isn’t; Yes, he is D. hasn’t; N, he hasn't
13．—He’s never late fr schl, ________ ? —N, he isn’t .He is always very early.
A. is he B. isn’t he C. hasn’t he D. has he
14．—There’s little meat left in the fridge, ________? —________. I’ll get sme n my way hme.
A. is there, YesB. isn’t there, Yes C. is there, N D. isn’t there, N
15．—Tm finished his hmewrk, didn’t he? —__________, thugh he was ill yesterday.
A. N, he didn’tB. Yes, he did C. Yes, he desD. N, he desn’t
16．There is little water in the cup, ?
A. is there B. isn’t there C. isn’t it
17． He’s still nt understd by his clse friend althugh he has said srry t him, _________?
A. hasn’t he B. has he C. isn’t he D. is he
18． Yu have never visited the place befre, yu?
A. did B. didn’t C. have D. haven’t
19． Dn't keep pisn in the kitchen, _______?
A. d yu B. shall we C. will yu D. dn't yu
20． There are n museums in ur city, _________?
A. aren’t thereB. are there C. is there D. isn’t there
21．Yur father is playing the pian very well, he? A.is B.isn’t C.des D.desn’t
22．— It’s her birthday tmrrw, ______ ?— Yes, let’s have a surprise party fr her.
A. isn’t itB. isn’t she C. desn’t itD. desn’t she
23．--- He’s never stlen anything befre, _______ he?
--- ________. It’s his third time t be taken t the plice statin.
A. hasn’t; Yes B. has; N C. has; Yes D. is; N
24．— It’s her birthday tmrrw, ______ ?— Yes, let’s have a surprise party fr her.
A. isn’t itB. isn’t sheC. desn’t itD. desn’t she
25．-----Yur father never watched the drama series n TV, __________?
-----_____________________. He thinks theses drama series are bring and dull.
A.des he; Yes, he des. B. des he; N, he desn’t
C. desn’t he ; Yes, he des. D. desn’t he ; N, he desn’t .
26． —Tm is an hnest by, _______ he?—Yes. We trust him all the time.
A. isn’tB. isC. desD. desn’t
27．Gd, yu’ve dne it well! Yu need n mre help frm us, ______.?
A. d yu B. need yuC. dn’t yuD. needn’t yu
28．His father had an imprtant meeting just nw, _______?
A. did he B. had he C. didn't he D. hadn't he
29． -- Yu used t be shrt, didn’t yu?-- _______. I was the shrtest in my class.
A. Yes, I did. B. N, I didn’t.C. Yes, I was. D. N, I wasn’t.
30．The farmer is wrking nw. He’s fed the hrse and the sheep, _____?
A. desn’t he B. isn’t he C. wasn’t he D. hasn’t he
五、感嘆句
一、結(jié)構(gòu)： What/ Hw +被感嘆的部分+ 主語+ 謂語！
EG:What beautiful flwers they are ! 多美麗的花??！
二、變法：
一斷， 二加 ，三去，四換位。
一斷主謂與后面斷開，二加表示在斷開的兩部分中間加what 或hw ,三去very等程度副詞，四換位前后兩部分對調(diào)位置。
三、what引導(dǎo)的感嘆句：
1.what + a / an +adj + 單數(shù)名詞 （+主語+ 謂語）！_______ a clever by he is !
2.what + adj + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞 （+主語+ 謂語）！_______ heavy bxes they are !
3.what + adj + 不可數(shù)名詞（+主語+ 謂語）！_______ bad weather !
四、hw引導(dǎo)的感嘆句：
1.Hw + adj / adv + 主語+ 謂語！_________ hard they are wrking !
2.Hw + adj + a / an + 單數(shù)名詞（+主語+ 謂語）！Hw tall a by he is !
3.Hw + adj / adv + the + 名詞+ 謂語！________ heavily the rain is falling!
五、what 與hw引導(dǎo)的感嘆句之間的轉(zhuǎn)換：[來源:學(xué)+科+網(wǎng)Z+X+X+K]
1.What a beautiful girl she is != ______ beautiful the girl is !
2.Hw delicius the fd is != ______ delicius fd it is !
六、幾個(gè)常見的感嘆句：（what/hw）
1.______ great fun it is ! 2.______ imprtant infrmatin !
3.______ gd news ! 4.______ gd advice / music !
5.______ a heavy rain ! 6.______a strng wind !
七、感嘆句中常見的不可數(shù)名詞：
fd , wrk , weather , fun , music , infrmatin , news , advice .
一、填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~完成下列感嘆句。
1).________ difficult hmewrk we had yesterday! 2).________cute dg it is!
3).________ interesting the stry is! 4).________ bad the weather in England is!
5).________ hnest by Tm is ！ 6).________ tasty smell the cake gave ff!
7).________ gd time we had n the beach yesterday! 8).________ exciting news yu've brught us!
9).________cl yur new car is!10).________ scary these tigers are!
二、選擇填空。
1. _______ fast the by ran! A. Hw B. Hw an C. What D. What an
2. _______ well yu sing but _______ badly he dances!
A. Hw, hw B. What, what C. Hw, what D. What, hw
3. ________ delicius the sup is! I’d like sme mre. A. Hw B. Hw an C. What D. What an
4. _______ fls they were! They believed what the man said. A. Hw B. Hw an C. What D. What an
5. _______ flish they were! They believed what the man said. A. Hw B. Hw an C. What D. What an
6. _______ difficult questins they are! I can’t answer them. A. Hw B. Hw an C. What D. What an
7. I miss my friend very much. _______ I want t see her! A. Hw B. Hw an C. What D. What an
8. _______ lvely weather we are having these days! A. Hw B. Hw an C. What D. What an
9. _______ beautiful yur new dress is! A. Hw B. Hw an C. What D. What an
10. _______ interesting wrk it is t teach children! A. Hw B. Hw an C. What D. What an[來
三、所給句子填空，使填空句變?yōu)橄鄳?yīng)的感嘆句：
1. The by swam very fast.（同義句）_______ _______ the by swam!
2. The schl trip is very exciting. （同義句）_____ ______ the schl trip is!
3. Hei Lngjiang lks very beautiful in winter. （同義句）
_______ _______ Hei Lngjiang lks in winter![來源:學(xué)_科_網(wǎng)]
4. It is a very useful dictinary. （同義句）
_______ _______ _______ dictinary it is!
_______ _______ _______ dictinary is!
5. The students are listening very carefully.
________ ________ the students are listening!
2015年中考英語復(fù)習(xí)二輪專項(xiàng)練習(xí)—感嘆句練習(xí)
一、單項(xiàng)選擇
1．— Lk at the pht I tk in Jinghng, Yunnan Prvince. _______ the Dai peple were having!
— Ww! They were celebrating the Water Festival.
A. What fun B. Hw fun C. What a fun D. Hw a fun
2．— Lk at the pht, Yunnan Prvince. the Dai peple were having!
— Ww! They were celebrating the Water Festival.
A. What fun B. Hw fun C. What a fun D. Hw a fun
3． ______ fine weather it is tday!
A. What a B. Hw a C. What D. Hw
4．---____ enjyable day it is！Shall we g n a picnic? ----Gd idea.
A. Hw B. What C. What a D. What an
5． water it is! A.What a clean B.What clean C.Hw clean D. Hw clean a
6．________ fine weather tday! Why nt g ut fr a walk?
A. HwB. Hw a C. WhatD. What a
7． it was yesterday because f the strm!
A. What a bad weather B. What bad weather
C. Hw bad a weather D. Hw bad weather
8．一Lk! That teacher is explaining smething t her students again and again!
一_______teacher she is!
A. Hw patient B. What patient C. Hw a patient D. What a patient
9． _______ dangerus the animals are！A. What a B. What C. Hw a D. Hw
10．_______ great fun it is t fly in a saln ! A. WhatB. What a C. Hw aD. Hw
11．—I hear they tk ____ active part in the schl sprts meeting.—_____ gd bys they are!
A.a; What a B. an; Hw C. an; What
12． hard Tny is wrking! A. What B. Hw C. What a D. Hw a
13．_______ dangerus the animals are！ A. What a B. What C. Hw a D. Hw
14． _____ day it is! -Let’s g ut and enjy the sunshine.
A. Hw windy B. Hw wet C. What a lvely D. What a rainy
15．—_______ brave Zhang Hua is!—Yes. He helped his neighbur, Mrs. Sun ut f the fire.
A.What a B. Hw a C. Hw D. What
16． ____great prgress yu have made! Yur mther must be satisfied with yu .
A. What a B. What C.Hw a D. Hw.
17．— Lk at the pht I tk in Yunnan Prvince. ______ the Dai peple were having!
— Ww! They were celebrating the Water Festival.
A. What fun B. Hw fun C. What a fun D. Hw a fun
18．_____beautiful the flwers are! A.What B.What a C.Hw D. .Hw a
19．—— Hurry up! It’s time t leave. —— Ok, _______.
A. I’m cming B. I’ll cme C. I cme
20．—______ city Ri de Janeir in Brazil is！—Yes. The 3lst Olympic Games will be held there.
A. Hw livelyB. What busy C. Hw a bigD. What a beautiful
21．--- nice weather it is tday!
--- Yes, shall we g walking in the park this afternn? A .What an B. Hw C. What D. Hw an
22．________ fd yu've cked! A. Hw a nice B. What a nice C. Hw nice D. What nice
23．_______ beautiful huse it is! A．What B．Hw C．What a D Hw a
24．— Lk at the pht I tk in Chiang Mai, Yunnan Prvince. ____ the Dai peple were having!
— Ww! They were celebrating the Water Festival.
A. What fun B. Hw fun C. What a fun D. Hw a fun
25．_______ fine weather it is ! A. Hw B. Hw a C. What D. What a
26．______ hard wrk yu have dne! -It’s ve ry kind f yu t say s.
A．What B．WhC．What aD．Hw a
27． Dn't give up, Tm. Yu haven't realized ______ great prgress yu've made!
A. whatB. what aC. hwD. hw a
28．“ ____________ yu’ve made! But yu shuld still wrk harder,” the teacher said t the by.
A. What great prgress B. Hw a big mistake C. What a big mistake D. Hw great prgress
29．______ terrible wrld it wuld be if there were n electricity !
—That's why we have t save it. A. What aB. Hw aC. WhatD. Hw
30．----_________ great prgress yu’re made ! Cngratulatins !---- Thank yu !
A．What B． What a C．Hw D. Hw 類型
句式結(jié)構(gòu)/否定詞
例句
肯定句
基本句子結(jié)構(gòu):主語+謂語+其他
My cusin is f medium height.我表弟中等身高。
They like sprts very much.他們很喜歡體育運(yùn)動(dòng)。
否定句
否定詞nt;在be/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞/助動(dòng)詞后直接加nt
I’m nt feeling well.我感覺不舒服。
He can’t play the pian.他不會(huì)彈鋼琴。
They dn’t have a basketball.他們沒有籃球。
能構(gòu)成否定句的其他否定詞[來源:學(xué)_科_網(wǎng)]
n (=nt a/any)
He has n brthers.=He desn’t have any brthers.他沒有兄弟。[來源:學(xué)?？啤＞W(wǎng)]
never “絕不;從不”
He has never seen a real shark.他從未見過真的鯊魚。
little, few“幾乎沒有”
There are few peple in the village.村里人很少。
n ne/nbdy“沒有人”
Nbdy is allwed t make nise here.任何人不準(zhǔn)在這里喧嘩。
nthing“什么也沒有”
There’s nthing like hme.自己的家最好。
neither f...“兩者都不”;nne f...“沒有任何人,什么都沒有 (指三者及三者以上)”
Neither f them speaks English.他們兩人都不說英語。
Nne f the students is afraid f difficulties.沒有一名學(xué)生害怕困難。
hardly“幾乎不”,seldm“很少”
He culd hardly believe his eyes.他幾乎不敢相信自己的眼睛。
He’s seldm at hme during the day.白天他很少在家。
“太……而不能”
He’s t late t catch the bus.他來得太遲以至于趕不上公共汽車了。
類型
句式結(jié)構(gòu)
例句
D型
肯定句:動(dòng)詞原形 (+賓語) +其他
Turn dwn the music, please.請把音樂調(diào)低。
否定句:Dn’t +動(dòng)詞原形 (+賓語) +其他
Dn’t run in the hallway.不要在走廊里跑。
Be型
肯定句:Be +表語+其他
Be quiet in the library!在圖書館里要安靜。
否定句:Dn’t + be +表語+其他
Dn’t be late fr schl.上學(xué)不可遲到!
Let型
肯定句:Let +賓語+動(dòng)詞原形+其他
Let me shw yu the way.讓我來告訴你路。
否定句:①Dn’t+ let...
②Let +賓語+ nt +動(dòng)詞原形+其他
Dn’t let the same things happen again.不要讓同樣的事情再次發(fā)生了。
N型
N +名詞或動(dòng)名詞!
N smking!禁止吸煙!
常見形式
例句
以be (am, is, are)動(dòng)詞開頭
Are yu gd at math?你擅長數(shù)學(xué)嗎?
以助動(dòng)詞(d, des, did, have, has, had等)開頭
Des yur family have a pet?你家里養(yǎng)寵物嗎?
以情態(tài)動(dòng)詞(will, can, may, must等)開頭
Can pandas climb trees?熊貓會(huì)爬樹嗎?
引導(dǎo)詞
例詞
例句
常用疑問代詞
what什么;wh誰;whm誰(wh的賓格);which哪個(gè)(些),whse誰的;疑問代詞可以提問主語、謂語、表語或定語。
What wuld yu like?你想吃點(diǎn)什么?
Whse is that dictinary?那本字典是誰的?
常用疑問副詞
when何時(shí);where何地;hw怎么;why為什么
Hw d yu get t schl?你怎樣去上學(xué)?
常用疑問短語
what time什么時(shí)刻;hw many/much多少;hw ften多久一次;hw sn多久;hw lng多長時(shí)間;hw far多遠(yuǎn);hw ld多大(年齡);hw big多大
—Hw lng have yu wrked there?
—Fr six years.
——你在那里工作了多長時(shí)間?
——六年。
常見形式
例句
一般選擇疑問句:一般疑問句+r+被選擇的內(nèi)容?
Des yur sister have lng r shrt hair?你妹妹長著長發(fā)還是短發(fā)?
特殊選擇疑問句:特殊疑問句+ A r B?
What clr d yu like, blue r yellw?你喜歡什么顏色,藍(lán)色還是黃色?
注意事項(xiàng)
例句
疑問部分的主語必須與陳述部分的主語一致;當(dāng)陳述部分的主語是名詞或代詞時(shí),疑問部分要用相應(yīng)的人稱代詞。
Mr. Brwn usually eats dinner at seven, desn’t he?
布朗先生通常在七點(diǎn)吃晚飯,不是嗎?
疑問部分的時(shí)態(tài)要與陳述部分的時(shí)態(tài)保持一致。
Jack has finished all his hmewrk, hasn’t he?
杰克已完成他所有的作業(yè)了,不是嗎?
肯定的回答用“Yes”;否定的回答用“N”。前否后肯的反意疑問句yes譯為“不”,n譯為“是的”
—Jenny didn’t have a schl trip, did she?
—N, she didn’t.
——詹妮沒有去學(xué)校旅行,對嗎?
——是的。她沒有。
用法
例句
當(dāng)陳述部分含有never/ nthing/nne/n ne/ seldm/hardly/few/little等否定副詞時(shí),反意疑問句用肯定形式。
Yur brther never ges t bed befre midnight, des he?你弟弟從未在午夜前睡覺,不是嗎?
如果陳述部分含有由否定前綴im-, dis-, un-等構(gòu)成的否定意義的詞,則陳述部分視作肯定形式,反意疑問句仍用否定形式。
The little girl is kind f unhappy, isn’t she?那個(gè)小女孩有點(diǎn)不高興,不是嗎?
當(dāng)陳述部分的主語是指示代詞this, that時(shí),反意疑問句部分的主語用it;主語是these或thse時(shí),反意疑問句部分的主語用they。
That’s an interesting mvie, isn’t it?那是一部很有趣的電影,不是嗎?
These are yur sprts shes, aren’t they?這些是你的運(yùn)動(dòng)鞋,不是嗎?
當(dāng)陳述部分的主語為指事(物)的不定代詞smething, anything, everything等時(shí),疑問部分的主語應(yīng)用it。
Smething is wrng with yur telephne, isn’t it?你的電話出毛病了,不是嗎?
陳述句主語為smebdy, smene, anyne, everybdy, everyne等時(shí),反意疑問句中代詞用they或he,但不可用it代替。
Everybdy was excited at the news, weren’t they?所有的人都對這個(gè)消息感到很興奮,不是嗎?
當(dāng)陳述部分是there be結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí),反意疑問句部分用there。
There will be less free time in the future, will there?將來會(huì)有更少的空閑時(shí)間,不是嗎?
陳述部分的謂語
疑問部分
I/主語
aren't I / are I
n,nthing,nbdy,never,few, seldm, hardly,rarely, little等否定含義的詞
肯定含義
含有un-,in-.dis-,im-等否定意義的前綴構(gòu)成的詞語時(shí)，視為肯定含義
否定含義
ught t（肯定的）
shuldn't/ ughtn't +主語
have t+v.(had t+v.)
dn't +主語(didn't +主語)
used t+v.
didn't +主語或 usedn't +主語
had better + v.
hadn't yu
wuld rather + v.
wuldn't +主語
yu'd like t + v.
wuldn't +主語
must
根據(jù)實(shí)際情況而定
感嘆句
be +主語
指示代詞或不定代詞everything,that,nthing,this
主語用it
并列復(fù)合句
謂語根據(jù)鄰近從句的謂語而定
定語從句,賓語從句主從復(fù)合句
根據(jù)主句的謂語而定
think,believe,expect,suppse,imagine等引導(dǎo)
與賓語從句相對應(yīng)的從句
everybdy,anyne,smebdy,nbdy,n ne
復(fù)數(shù)they, 單數(shù)he
情態(tài)動(dòng)詞dare或need
need/needn't (dare/daren't ) +主語
dare, need 為實(shí)義動(dòng)詞
d/dn't +主語
省去主語的祈使句
will/wn't yu？
Let's 開頭的祈使句
Shall we?
Let us 開頭的祈使句
Will yu?
there be
相應(yīng)的謂語動(dòng)詞+there(省略主語代詞）
否定前綴不能視為否定詞
仍用否定形式

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