2022年人教版六年級小升初英語語法--四大時態(tài)講解學(xué)案-學(xué)案下載-教習(xí)網(wǎng)

1、定義：表示經(jīng)常發(fā)生或習(xí)慣性的動作、狀態(tài)。句中通常有usually，ften，every day，smetimes，always，at weekends，n Sundays等表示經(jīng)常性時間的短語。
2、構(gòu)成：
1）當(dāng)謂語是be動詞時，一般現(xiàn)在時的構(gòu)成：主語＋be動詞＋其他
如：I am a student.
He is Jim?s father.
They are frm Japan.
2）當(dāng)謂語是行為動詞時，一般現(xiàn)在時的構(gòu)成：
①主語（非第三人稱單數(shù)）＋動詞原形＋其他
如：I ften watch TV at the weekends.
Mr Green and Mrs Green like cllecting stamps.
②主語（第三人稱單數(shù)）＋動詞的第三人稱單數(shù)形式＋其他
如：Jim usually visits his grandparents n Sundays.
She smetimes ges t the park with her mther.
3、動詞三單形式的變化規(guī)則：
① 一般情況下，直接加s 如：read-reads，swim-swims
② 以s，x，sh，ch，結(jié)尾，加es 如：wash-washes，watch-watches，d-des
③ 以輔音字母＋y結(jié)尾，變y為i，再加es 如：study-studies，fly-flies
④ 不規(guī)則變化如：have-has
4、一般現(xiàn)在時的句型轉(zhuǎn)換：
現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時
1、定義：表示現(xiàn)在或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動作。句中常有nw，lk，listen等詞。
如：
I am washing clthes nw.
Lk! Liu Ta is climbing the tree.
Listen! Jane is singing in the music rm.
2、構(gòu)成：be動詞（am/is/are）+ 動詞現(xiàn)在分詞（V-ing）
3、動詞現(xiàn)在分詞構(gòu)成：
① 一般是在動詞原形后加ing
如：read-reading，drink-drinking，eat-eating，lk-lking
② 以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾的動詞，去掉e，再加ing
如：write-writing，make-making，ride-riding，take-taking
③ 以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，如末尾只有一個輔音字母，要雙寫這個字母，再加ing
如：sit-sitting，swim-swimming，put-putting，run-running，stp-stpping，
get-getting，begin-beginning，jg-jgging，frget-frgetting
4、動名詞其實就是動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞，它既有名詞性質(zhì)（可作主語），又有動詞性質(zhì)（可帶賓語）。
如：Asking the way
My hbby is cllecting stamps. He is gd at skating.
5、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的句型轉(zhuǎn)換：
一般將來時
1、定義：表示將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，以及打算、計劃或準(zhǔn)備某事。句中一般含有表示將來的時間狀語，如：tmrrw mrning，next week，this afternn等表示將來的時間狀語。
2、構(gòu)成：
① be gng t +動詞原形
如：I am ging t see a Beijing pera tmrrw.
We are ging t meet at bus stp at half past ten.
Dad and I are ging t see a Beijing pera this afternn.
② will +動詞原形
如：They will g swimming this afternn.
3、be ging t 和will 區(qū)別：
① be ging t表示經(jīng)過事先安排、打算或決定要做的事情，基本上一定會發(fā)生；will則表示有可能去做，但不一定發(fā)生，也常表示說話人的臨時決定。
如：I am ging t take part in a party this evening.
They are cleaning the library nw. I?ll g and jin them.
②be ging t表示近期或眼下就要發(fā)生的事情；will表示的將來時間則較遠(yuǎn)一些。如：He is ging t write a letter tmrrw.
I will meet her ne day.
③ be ging t還可以用來表示有跡象表明某件事將要發(fā)生，常用于天氣等自然現(xiàn)象。如：Lk! It?s ging t rain.
4、一般將來時句型轉(zhuǎn)換：
一般過去時
1、定義：表示過去某個時間里發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。常和表示過去的時間狀語連用，
如：a mment ag，just nw，yesterday，last week，this mrning等。
如：My brther ften went t schl by bike last term.
The watch was beside the diary a mment ag.
I watched the mn and ate the mn cakes last Mid-Autumn Festival.
Jim went t the supermarket yesterday.
2、構(gòu)成：主語＋動詞的過去式＋其他
3、動詞過去式的變化規(guī)則：
① 一般在動詞原形末尾加ed
如：play-played，listen-listened，lk-lked
② 結(jié)尾是e的動詞，加d
如：live-lived，like-liked，taste-tasted
③ 輔音字母＋y結(jié)尾的動詞，變y為i，再加ed
如：study-studied，carry-carried，cry-cried
④ 末尾只有一個輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)詞，雙寫這個輔音字母，再加ed
如：stp-stpped，plan-planned
⑤ 不規(guī)則變化如：
4、一般過去時的句型轉(zhuǎn)換
肯定句
否定句
一般疑問句及回答
They watch TV every day.
They dn’t watch TV every day.
—D they watch TV every day? —Yes, they d. / N, they dn’t.
She watches TV every day.
She desn’t watch TV every day.
— Des she watch TV every day? —Yes, she des. / N, she desn’t.
肯定句
否定句
一般疑問句及回答
He is running nw.
He isn’t running nw.
—Is he running nw?
—Yes, he is. / N, he isn’t.
They are making a puppet.
They aren’t making a puppet.
— Are they making a puppet?
—Yes, they are. / N, they aren’t.
肯定句
否定句
一般疑問句及回答
She is ging t have a picnic tmrrw.
She isn’t ging t have a picnic tmrrw.
—Is she ging t have a
picnic tmrrw? —Yes, she is. / N, she
isn’t.
They will g swimming this afternn.
They will nt(wn’t) g swimming this afternn.
—Will they g swimming
this afternn? —Yes, they will. / N, they
wn’t.
am/is-was
sit-sat
give-gave
eat-ate
are-were
tell-tld
read-read
fly-flew
have/has-had
see-saw
buy-bught
meet-met
d-did
get-gt
cme-came
put-put
g-went
make-made
draw-drew
run-ran
say-said
sing-sang
swim-swam
take-tk
肯定句
否定句
一般疑問句及回答
He watched TV yesterday.
He didn’t watch TV yesterday.
—Did he watch TV yesterday?
—Yes, he did. / N, he didn’t.
They played games just nw.
They didn’t play games just nw.
— Did they play games just nw?
—Yes, they did. / N, they didn’t.