北京市通州區(qū)2021屆高三一模英語試題英    語2021年4月本試卷共13頁，共100分。考試時長90分鐘。考生務必將答案答在答題卡上，在試卷上作答無效?？荚嚱Y束后, 將答題卡交回。第一部分:知識運用(共兩節(jié)，30分)第一節(jié) 完形填空(共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分)閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。He looked in the mirror, feeling sick of the sight of what he saw, a constant reminder of the fire last year. He was badly __1__ in it and worse still, his wife had left him and would never return home. He was filled with self-pity, __2__and even hate. He limped（瘸著走）to the park and decided to give his mind some __3__, so he sat down and started to read. Then out from a group of children at play, a young girl approached. Her eyes to the ground, she stretched out her arm and said, “Look what I found!” She  __4__ in her hand what looked like a weed, all wilted（枯萎）and brown, its flower gone to seed.The man said in a low angry voice, “Just leave me alone. Get on with your playing.”But the child was still __5__. “I picked these for you. They’re really pretty, and I think you are, too.”The man was annoyed, __6__ her gift. He thought she made fun of him, as others had done. He pushed her aside when __7__ he noticed that the girl was blind! He felt __8__. Then his anger and hate began to disappear. He accepted her flower. The girl smiled and ran away before he could say “thank you” to her. The girl had awakened in him a __9__ to start a new life. He went to the hospital and saw the burn patients in treatment. He knew the “inside” was the hardest to cure. From that moment on, he knew what he’d do. He’d help these folks heal（康復）. And his __10__ would heal, too. A. destroyed  B. damaged  C. burnt   D. ruinedA. excitement B. anger   C. curiosity  D. anxietyA. relief  B. inspiration  C. exercise  D. freedomA. put  B. held   C. moved  D. pickedA. cautious  B. upset   C. enthusiastic  D. nervousA. accepting  B. refusing  C. throwing  D. appreciatingA. unfortunately B. lately   C. finally  D. suddenlyA. frightened B. amused  C. depressed  D. astonishedA. dream  B. potential  C. desire  D. responsibilityA. soul  B. body   C. emotion  D. appearance第二節(jié) 語法填空 (共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分)閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內所給詞的正確形式填空。請將答案寫在答題卡的相應位置。AI have many goals. The most important one is to travel around the world and I am trying my best to make it come true. The reason is ___11____ our world is so fantastic that I want to explore it. There are so many different things in the world ____12____(experience). While ___13_____(travel), I can learn different languages and make friends with the local people. I believe I can achieve my dream. BHawaii is the only state not on the continent of North America. The State of Hawaii consists ____14_____ 8 bigger islands and 2000 more small islands. Of the bigger islands, Hawaii Island is not only the largest but also the youngest. People can find a few active volcanoes in the island. Mauna Loa and Kilauea are the most active volcanoes, _____15______ the American government has opened Volcanoes National Park. The island’s largest city Hino, also the second largest one in Hawaii State, _____16______(stand) on the northeast coast of the island. CAre you humorous? People who are humorous can recognize what’s funny in others and can amuse others as well. At home, a sense of humor can brighten family life, so amuse ___17___(you) and your family members through jokes if you can. In the classroom, a humorous teacher will not make the students feel ____18_____(bore) with learning. In hospitals, humor can sometimes help to reduce pain of the patients and enable them to recover ___19____(strong). No wonder people often say laughter is the world’s ___20_____(good) medicine.  第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，38分）第一節(jié)（共14小題; 每小題2分，共28分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AWith the sea on your doorstep, a large fleet of boats to choose from, and a team of experienced instructors, the outdoor activities centre is there just for you! Courses available: Dinghy SailingOur boats are chosen carefully to provide a wide range of safe and exciting learning opportunities. Instructors will take you through the basics of rigging, launching and sailing.Catamaran SailingFor those with little or no experience, this course is a good introduction to this fast and exciting form of sailing. If weather condition is favourable, students should be able to handle a catamaran single-handedly during the course.Cost for each course (age 16 years and over): ￡165 non residential, ￡180 residentialCanoeing or KayakingThe outdoor activities centre is the ideal venue for kayaking. With the sea close at hand, our one-day course will introduce the skill of kayaking at sea. There will be an opportunity to try a variety of different canoes and kayaks and to take part in a short kayak sea journey.Cost for one-day course: ￡35WindsurfingOur centre runs a JUNIOR WINDSURFING CLUB on Monday and Wednesday evenings during the summer season and is open to anyone up to 18 years old. Aimed at those who already have some windsurfing experience (level one certificate), this club aims to give young windsurfers the opportunity to progress within a safe and exciting environment. Cost: ￡7 per session or ￡6 per session if four sessions are booked in advance21. How much would it cost an adult living at the center to take both sailing courses? A. ￡165.        B.￡180.         C.￡345.         D.￡360. 22. Where is the passage most probably taken from? A. A travel journal.                   B. A sports advertisement.  C. A training report.                  D. An exhibition guide. BTerry Fox never thought he’d live a remarkable life. He liked sports, but no one thought he was talented. During his first year in the university, he had a pain in his right knee, which was so bad that he couldn’t stand up. He went to the doctor for tests. They showed that he had cancer. He was going to lose his leg and be given an artificial one. Terry’s family and friends all gave him fantastic support. Terry said that he knew all those people really cared and helped him. He decided to face it with bravery.One night Terry was looking through an article about Dick Traum, who also had an artificial leg and had run in the New York Marathon. “If he can do it,” thought Terry, “I can, too. In fact, I’ll run across Canada and raise money for cancer research. It will be a Marathon of Hope!”For the next 16 months, Terry had special treatments for his cancer. And then he also began to run a little every day. Each day he ran a little farther. It is 5,300 miles across Canada. Terry hoped to run thirty to forty miles a day so that it would take him six months. Most of all, he hoped to raise $1 million for cancer research. Because Terry had an artificial leg, running wasn’t easy or straightforward. He had to move by jumping on one foot twice and then take a long step with his real leg. Although it looked awkward, he still kept on running. His action made people join him as he ran: children, football stars, wheelchair athletes and even his brother, Darrell. As Terry ran, people waved and cheered. So much money was donated that the volunteers used large garbage bags so everyone could give.  Then, outside Thunder Bay, Ontario, Terry felt a sharp pain in his chest. The pain was from cancer; this time in his lungs. He had to abandon the Marathon after 3, 339 miles. He told the people before he left, “I won’t give up. I just hope people will continue to give money.” And they did. Just under $25 million was given. Terry received numerous awards. At 22, he was the youngest Canadian to ever receive Canada’s highest award, the Companion of the Order of Canada. What made Terry decide to run across Canada? His passion for Marathon.An urge to live a normal life.The support of his family and friends.The inspiring experience of Dick Traum.People joined him when he ran mainly because___________. they were moved by the scene of Terry’s runningthey served as volunteers in the marathon they considered Terry as a great herothey loved running very muchWhy did he finally stop the marathon?He collected enough money for the donation.His family and friends persuaded him to abandon it.He got great pain in his body because of the cancer.Running with the artificial leg wasn’t straightforward.Which of the following words can best describe Terry? Generous.    B. Cooperative.      C. Determined.        D. Creative.  CThe good news is that more people bought electric cars in 2020. The bad news is that SUVs continued to grow in popularity, too. The fall in oil consumption due to the first trend was completely cancelled out by the second, say Laura Cozzi and Apostolos Petropoulos at the International Energy Agency (IEA) in France.The growing popularity of SUVs is making it even harder to cut carbon dioxide emissions（排放）and meet climate goals. “Policy-makers need to find ways to persuade consumers to choose smaller and more efficient cars,” says Petropoulos.Oil consumption by conventional cars – not including SUVs – is estimated to have fallen 10 percent in 2020, or by more than 1.8 million barrels（桶）a day, Cozzi and Petropoulos say in a commentary published by the IEA on 15 January. Most of this fall was due to reduced travel and is likely to be temporary.But a small part of the drop, around 40,000 barrels a day, was as a result of the increased share of electric vehicles (EVs). “We have seen a skyrocketing of global electric car sales in 2020,” says Petropoulos. Unfortunately, the number of SUVs increased as well. While overall car sales fell in 2020, 42 percent of buyers chose SUVs, up around three percentage points from 2019.Globally, there are now more than 280 million SUVs being driven, up from fewer than 50 million in 2010. On average, SUVs consume 20 percent more energy per kilometre than a medium-sized car.The increase in SUVs in 2020 led to a rise in oil consumption that cancelled out the effect of electric cars, says Petropoulos. Much the same is true over the past decade. Between 2010 and 2020, global CO2 emissions from conventional cars fell by nearly 350 megatonnes, due to factors such as fuel efficiency improvements as well as the switch to electric cars. Emissions from SUVs rose by more than 500 megatonnes.“While the growth in EVs is encouraging, the increase in SUVs is heart-breaking,” says Glen Peters at the CICERO climate research centre in Norway.There are many reasons for the growing popularity of SUVs, says Petropoulos. Rising prosperity（繁榮）in many countries means more people are able to afford them, for instance. Some people see them as a symbol of social position. SUVs are also heavily advertised by car-makers, he says, whose profits are higher on these vehicles.There are now some electric SUVs available. “Hopefully, in time, you will see electric vehicles entering the SUV market,” says Peters.Even if it happens, switching to electric SUVs isn’t an ideal solution. Due to their size and bigger batteries, it takes more resources to build electric SUVs, and they consume around 15 percent more electricity. Higher electricity demand makes it harder to green the electricity supply.Which of the following statements is true according to the passage? The SUVs driven in 2019 reached up to 280 million.Electric cars appeared a sharp decline in sales in 2020. Buyers of SUVs in 2020 increased 42 percent than those in 2019.Global SUVs being driven now are over five times as many as those in 2010.From the increase of SUVs, we can infer ___________. it could have harmful consequences for the air qualitythe oil consumption will increase and the price will fallpeople all over the world are getting wealthier than beforethe car-makers think it’s unnecessary to advertise any moreWhat can we conclude from the passage? The purchases of SUVs should be reduced. The SUVs should be discontinued immediately.The awareness of using electric cars needs to be improved.Increasing electric cars can solve the problem of oil consumption.30. What’s the author’s attitude to electric SUVs? A. Unconcerned.       B. Disapproving.     C. Supportive.     D. Uncertain. DIt is the season for taking the time to reflect on what we’re thankful for in life. Spending that time with friends and family to give thanks is what makes the holidays so special. But why should limit it to just a few weeks in the year? Gratitude（感恩）is a muscle we should strengthen year-round to make us healthier, happier humans and leaders.Gratitude builds empathy. We often take for granted the simple things in life. Those who recognize the goodness in life, no matter how simple or automatic, are more likely to be sensitive to the needs of others and to help whenever they can. Being empathetic to others’ opinions, experiences and backgrounds will make you a better professional, no matter your career.Through his research, Emmons, a leading researcher, found that grateful people reported feeling healthier, both mentally and physically. Specifically, those who were grateful were 25 percent happier than those who weren’t. In the workplace, well-being（健康快樂）is a crucial topic when it comes to preventing employee burn-out and promoting engagement. Beyond the research that shows that employees who are shown that they are appreciated are more productive by 50 percent, caring for your employees’ well-being is simply the right thing to do. Offering fitness classes or carrying out flexible work schedules are just a few things that, when paired with gratitude, can lead to more productive, engaged and happier working professionals. Working in a developing, fast-paced industry, we are often surrounded by ambitious people who are always striving（奮斗）for more and better. Gratitude makes us more self-aware. It challenges us to reflect in the moment instead of always thinking about the future. It starts by paying attention to what’s going on in our life, and that true self-awareness is a key factor to being successful in our career.Gratitude is a powerful tool for making relationships stronger, both at work and in our personal life. People who express their gratitude tend to be more willing to forgive others and therefore able to create relatively long-lasting connections.During my month-long vacation, I made it a point to be reflective during the time I had without disturbances or deadlines. Part of that was making a mental list of the people, things and experiences I was grateful for in my life. I decided to reach out to my fifth-grade teacher and thank her for being positive instructor and a strong influence on my life.The old saying goes “It’s never too late to say you’re sorry,” but the same is true of gratitude. Taking the time to thank people for their work, kindness or empathy-whether it was today, last month or many years ago-makes you happier, healthier and more self-aware. And that’s a gift worth celebrating 365 days a year.31.What does the underlined word “empathy” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? The feeling of being sorry for others’ problems.The desire to help people in difficult situations.The ability to understand other people’s feelings.The feeling of pleasure or satisfaction towards others.32. What can be inferred from the passage?People who have self-awareness can succeed without effort.Grateful people will live a much longer life than ungrateful people.Wise enterprises should raise the employees’ sense of well-being.Gratitude can ensure the relationship between people is unbreakable.Why does the author mention his own experience in Paragraph 6? To encourage people to contact with teachers.To show it’s never too late to express gratitude.To order people to keep long-lasting connection.D.  To present that his teacher greatly influenced him.34. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A. Being Grateful Year-Round.B. The Season for Gratitude.C. The Way to Show Thanks.D. The Special Holiday of Gratitude. 第二節(jié)（共5小題; 每小題2分，共10分）根據(jù)短文內容，從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Have you ever agreed to do something only to find out later that you don’t have time? Are you constantly stressed from rushing from one assignment to another? If so, you may have a problem with overcommitment. Overcommitment happens when you decide to do more things than you realistically have time to do.  __35__ Your quality of life also suffers because overcommitment leaves you less time to take care of yourself. It’s preferable to do one or two things well than to do 10 things poorly - or worse, to back out once you’ve agreed to something.Time management coach Elizabeth Saunders suggests creating a budget for your time like you do with money. The total amount of time you have each day equals 24 hours minus（減去）the time you need for basic wellness activities. __36__ Saunders suggests adding up your time commitments to other people and the time needed to meet your personal goals. If that total is greater than the amount of time you have each day, you have a problem.__37__ Schedule times for everything you need to do – including taking care of yourself. But you don’t have to fill every blank space.It’s also worth looking at your current commitments. Do your commitments actually match your priorities? __38__Learning how to say no politely but firmly also helps with overcommitment. It helps to have a good sense of what your priorities are so that you can say yes or no when appropriate.I have a rule that I never immediately agree to any long-term time commitments. __39__ That’s because my first instinct（本能反應）is usually to say yes, even if I don’t really have time. Having time to think about a potential assignment gives me space to say no if I need to.A. Are you satisfied with your job?B. I always ask for some time to think. C. It is worth considering your interest.D. When this happens, the quality of your work suffers. E. These include things like sleeping, eating and showering. F. Could you give up some of them or pass them off to other people? G. One tool that may be helpful in avoiding overcommitment is a calendar.  第三部分：書面表達（共兩節(jié)，32分）第一節(jié)（共4小題；第1、2小題各2分，第3小題3分，第4小題5分，共12分）閱讀下面短文和問題，在答題卡相應題號后的橫線上寫下相關信息，完成對該問題的回答。Why do you pull yourself out of bed every morning to go to work or school? What does it take to make you feel like your contribution in those places is truly worthwhile? Knowing what motivates you can help you find meaning in your work and make efforts to reach your goals. Psychologists have a wide variety of ways of describing and differentiating motivations because people care about so many different things. Psychologist David McClelland identified three main motivations for people: achievement (the feeling of success), affiliation (close relationships) and power (the ability to influence the world). Authors Adrian Gostick and Chester Elton identified 23 motivations, including creativity, challenge and learning.Some motivations, such as money, social position and praise, are external; these are the tools bosses typically use to encourage their employees to do better. Other motivations, including fun, personal growth and feeling like one’s work is significant, come from within the person doing the action. These ideals, called internal motivations, tend to be more reliable than external ones because they represent things that can never be taken away.Since a wide variety of motivations exist, it’s important to understand which ones are persuasive to you. Trying to motivate yourself in a way that doesn’t appeal to you will make it difficult to convince yourself to work. When choosing a career, think about what motivates you and make decisions accordingly. If you are motivated by overcoming challenges, look for a career where you can continually try hard to reach a higher level. People motivated by external rewards sometimes struggle to meet goals they set for themselves that no one else knows about. They can solve this problem by creating external rewards for their personal goals such as finding a friend to hold them accountable.  When you know what motivates you, you will be able to motivate yourself to do the things necessary to succeed. And if you are a leader, knowing what motivates your team will enable you to help them do the same.Why is it important for people to be clear of their motivations?How can the motivations be classified according to McClelland?Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.Since the external motivations involve money, social position and praise, which are often used as tools by bosses, they are more dependable than the internal ones.Please briefly present what motivates you in your life and how it works. (about 40 words) 第二節(jié)（20分）                                  假設你是紅星中學高三學生李華，你校將于下個月開展“探索太空”主題活動周。你校交換生Jim對太空科學非常感興趣，請你給Jim寫一封郵件，邀請他參加。內容包括：主題活動周的目的；主題活動周的內容。注意： 1. 詞數(shù)100左右；開頭和結尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。Dear Jim,                                                                                    Yours, Li Hua 
北京市通州區(qū)2021屆高三一模英語試題參考答案第一部分：知識運用（共兩節(jié)，30分）第一節(jié) 完形填空（共10小題; 每小題1.5分，共15分）1.C   2.B   3.A   4.B    5.C    6.B   7.D   8.D   9.C   10. A第二節(jié) 語法填空（共10小題; 每小題1.5分，共15分）11. that    12. to experience   13. traveling/travelling    14. of    15. where         16. stands   17. yourself       18. bored          19. strength     20. best第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，38分）第一節(jié)（共14小題; 每小題2分，共28分）21.D    22.B    23.D    24.A    25.C    26.C    27.D    28.A    29.A    30.B31.C    32.C    33.B    34. A 第二節(jié)  (共5小題；每小題2分，共10分)35.D    36. E   37.G    38.F    39.B第三部分：書面表達（共32分）第一節(jié)（共4小題；第1、2小題各2分，第3小題3分，第4小題5分，共12分）40. Because knowing what motivates people can help them find meaning in their work and make efforts to reach their goals.41. He classified them into 3 main motivations: achievement, affiliation and power.42. Since the external motivations involve money, social position and praise, which are often used as tools by bosses, they are more dependable than the internal ones.In the text, the author points out that internal motivations tend to be more reliable than external ones because they represent things that can never be taken away.43.答案(略) 第二節(jié)（20分）一、評分標準分數(shù)檔內容語言結構4?             表達切題。?             要點齊全。?             內容比較充實，但不過度添加細節(jié)。?             語言準確，句式多樣，僅有個別錯誤。?             語言表達得體、恰當，較好地完成了交際任務。?             銜接自然、行文連貫。?             條理清楚。?             段落排列恰當。3?             表達切題。?             要點齊全。?             內容基本充實。?             語言基本準確，句式不單一，有少量錯誤，但不影響理解。?             語言表達基本得體，完成了交際任務。?             行文基本連貫。?             條理基本清楚。?             段落排列基本合理。2?             表達切題。?             要點不全。?             內容不夠充實。?             語言有多處錯誤，但基本可以理解。?             語言表達不得體。?             銜接不自然，行文欠連貫，?             條理不清楚。1?             表達基本切題。?             要點不全。?             內容單薄。?             語言有大量錯誤，嚴重影響理解。?             表達混亂不清，支離破碎。0?             未作答或作答與本題無關。?             未作答或作答與本題無關?             未作答或作答與本題無關【注釋】分數(shù)計算：本題總分20分，采用分項評分方式，其中內容8分，語言8分，結構4分。內容、語言、結構在原始分數(shù)0~4分的基礎上權重計分，具體計算方法：總分(20分) ＝內容(4分)×權重系數(shù)(2)＋語言(4分)×權重系數(shù)(2)＋結構(4分) ×權重系數(shù)(1) 語言準確性：包括語法、用詞、拼寫、大小寫及標點符號等要素。其中，語法包括主謂一致、時態(tài)、數(shù)、人稱、冠詞、代詞、介詞等。得體性：是指語言表達恰當，考慮到了情境、交際對象和語體變化等因素。詞數(shù)要求：100詞左右。評分時先判斷作答內容與題目是否有關，若內容判為零分，語言與結構均為零分。英式、美式拼寫均可接受。二、One possible version:Dear Jim,Knowing that you’re interested in space science, I’m delighted to tell you that a Space Exploration Week will be held in our school next month. Welcome to join in it. It aims to raise the students’ awareness of exploring space and motivate students to love science. In the Space Exploration Week, students will take part in various activities, such as watching science fiction films on the theme, attending a lecture named “Going into Beautiful Space”, reading books about space discovery, visiting an exhibition about vast space and so on. I believe it will enrich our mind. Come and join us! I’m looking forward to your participation.Yours, Li Hua 

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